Exam 1: Introductionand Research Methods

As scientists, psychologists are guided by several attitudes,including being open-minded, maintaining a healthy sense ofscientific skepticism, and critically evaluating the evidence for new findings.

The effects of the placebo are compared to the effects of the actual independent variable on the experimental group. This group serves as a check for practice effects and expectancy effects.

Key figures in the development of behaviorism include:

The experimental group is the group of:

Researchers who tested whether ginkgo biloba improves memory and concentration were careful to control changes caused by other influences so they could be confident that the_____ could be attributed to the treatment variable.

Psychological records, medical records, and even school recordsmay be examined in a case study.

In the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, the participants were selected from the housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels.

Of the following correlation coefficients, which represents the weakest relationship between two factors?

William James developed the technique called introspection as a way for people to tap into their unconscious.

Limitations of the experimental method include which of the following?

Dr. Bremmer investigates mental processes, including reasoning and thinking, problem solving, memory, perception,memory, and language. Dr. Bremmer is a cognitive psychologist.

A disadvantage of the experimental method is that resultsobtained in an artificial, well-controlled environment may not generalize well to everyday life.

Which famous Greek philosopher wrote extensively aboutpsychological topics such as sleep and dreaming, the senses,memory, and learning?

Psychologists who counsel students, perform assessments, whohelp teachers, school administrators, and parents understand how children learn and develop are known as _____psychologists.

In an online survey, people were asked if they would cheat ontheir partner if there was no chance of getting caught.Approximately 23,000 internet users responded to the survey.Almost half of those responding said they would not, while the other half said they probably would. What is a significant limitation with surveys like this one?

During the month-long hotel experiment conducted by Crumand Langer:

Psychologists are guided by the basic scientific assumption thatevents are lawful. What does this mean to psychologists?

The factors in a hypothesis that can vary or change are called the:

Critical thinkers are aware of their own biases and assumptions.

Humanistic psychology emphasized: