Question 1

Which of the following statements is an important advantage of surveys?

Accepted Answer

A) Surveys can be developed by people with no scientific training. 
B) Researchers are able to gather information about a very large group of people based on a representative sample of that group. 
C) The dependent variable is more easily manipulated than in formal experiments. 
D) If there are more than 3,000 participants, the results are likely to be valid no matter how the participants were chosen. 
A) Surveys can be developed by people with no scientific training. 
B) Researchers are able to gather information about a very large group of people based on a representative sample of that group. 
C) The dependent variable is more easily manipulated than in formal experiments. 
D) If there are more than 3,000 participants, the results are likely to be valid no matter how the participants were chosen.

Question 2

At the conclusion of the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, all participants were debriefed and were told about the actual hypothesis, and the purpose of the experiment was explained tothem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Neuroscience, an area within the biological perspective,emphasizes the importance of the brain and the nervous systemin explaining people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns ofbehavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behaviorand mental processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The ethical requirement of informed consent means that:

Accepted Answer

A) all participants must read and approve any written reports of the research results before they are published. 
B) participants must be completely informed about the purpose and conditions of the research, and must be free to withdraw from the research at any time. 
C) research participants must agree not to divulge any information about the nature of the study to any outside party. 
D) once the participants have agreed to participate in the study, they may not withdraw for any reason other than medical necessity. 
A) all participants must read and approve any written reports of the research results before they are published. 
B) participants must be completely informed about the purpose and conditions of the research, and must be free to withdraw from the research at any time. 
C) research participants must agree not to divulge any information about the nature of the study to any outside party. 
D) once the participants have agreed to participate in the study, they may not withdraw for any reason other than medical necessity.

Question 6

Magnet therapy has been shown to be very effective in treating various ailments and conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A meta-analysis is most useful when:

Accepted Answer

A) there are not enough participants in an experiment. 
B) a particular issue has generated a large number of studies, some of which have produced weak or contradictory results. 
C) the statistical analysis indicates that the results are statistically significant but the hypothesis is not supported. 
D) the experiment has never been replicated. 
A) there are not enough participants in an experiment. 
B) a particular issue has generated a large number of studies, some of which have produced weak or contradictory results. 
C) the statistical analysis indicates that the results are statistically significant but the hypothesis is not supported. 
D) the experiment has never been replicated.

Question 8

One limitation of the experimental method is that experiments are often conducted in highly controlled laboratory environments and thus may have little to do with actual behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The word replicate refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) a second statistical analysis of the study's results by an independent researcher. 
B) confirming a researcher's results with meta-analysis. 
C)  a statistical technique. 
D) repeating a study using the same research methods but different research participants. 
A) a second statistical analysis of the study's results by an independent researcher. 
B) confirming a researcher's results with meta-analysis. 
C)  a statistical technique. 
D) repeating a study using the same research methods but different research participants.

Question 10

Charles Darwin was the author of the landmark book on evolution On the Origin of Species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrate that people's beliefs and expectations can have a significant influence on behavior and well-being.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

Accepted Answer

A) eighty-four female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels. 
B) all undergraduate students in introductory psychology classes at Harvard University. 
C) given either ginkgo biloba or a placebo depending on which group they were assigned to. 
D) were all male employees selected from the administrative staff of seven carefully matched hotels. 
A) eighty-four female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels. 
B) all undergraduate students in introductory psychology classes at Harvard University. 
C) given either ginkgo biloba or a placebo depending on which group they were assigned to. 
D) were all male employees selected from the administrative staff of seven carefully matched hotels.

Question 13

Magnet therapy is the practice of applying magnets to the body to supposedly treat various conditions and ailments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In case-based research, information from multiple correlational studies is systematically combined and analyzed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A) people's beliefs and expectations can have a significant influence on behavior and well-being. 
B) demand characteristics and expectancy effects contributed to the main effects in both studies. 
C) taking ginkgo biloba in combination with exercise has proven health benefits. 
D) housekeeping work in most hotels is unhealthy and contributes to physical ailments such as chronic back pain, but that ginkgo biloba can help prevent such illnesses. 
A) people's beliefs and expectations can have a significant influence on behavior and well-being. 
B) demand characteristics and expectancy effects contributed to the main effects in both studies. 
C) taking ginkgo biloba in combination with exercise has proven health benefits. 
D) housekeeping work in most hotels is unhealthy and contributes to physical ailments such as chronic back pain, but that ginkgo biloba can help prevent such illnesses.

Question 16

What constituted the dependent variable in Crum and Langer'shotel experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) being informed that housekeeping work was beneficial exercise 
B) responses to questionnaires about exercise and diet and measures of physical health 
C) not being informed that housekeeping was beneficial exercise 
D) the degree of improvement in memory and concentration after taking either ginkgo biloba or a placebo 
A) being informed that housekeeping work was beneficial exercise 
B) responses to questionnaires about exercise and diet and measures of physical health 
C) not being informed that housekeeping was beneficial exercise 
D) the degree of improvement in memory and concentration after taking either ginkgo biloba or a placebo

Question 17

Juanita participated in a psychology research project thatinvolved solving a number of arithmetic problems. During the experiment, she was informed that her solutions were incorrect.After the experiment was completed, a research assistant explained the purpose of the experiment. He told Juanita thatshe had actually answered all items correctly, and then explained why the experiment required that she be told that her answers were wrong. This stage of the research represents:

Accepted Answer

A) informed consent. 
B) confidentiality. 
C) debriefing. 
D) voluntary participation. 
A) informed consent. 
B) confidentiality. 
C) debriefing. 
D) voluntary participation.

Question 18

The participants assigned to the control group or condition inCrum and Langer's hotel experiment were not informed that their housekeeping work was beneficial exercise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Why was Mary Whiton Calkins denied the Ph.D. degree she hadearned in her graduate studies of psychology at Harvard University?

Accepted Answer

A) Her research was in an area called comparative psychology that was not recognized as a legitimate part of scientific psychology at Harvard University at the time. 
B) At the time, Harvard University forbade the use of nonhuman animals in psychology research. 
C) William James was opposed to opening the field of psychology to women and refused to support her application despite the fact that she was his most brilliant student. 
D) She was a woman, and at the time Harvard was not a coeducational institution. 
A) Her research was in an area called comparative psychology that was not recognized as a legitimate part of scientific psychology at Harvard University at the time. 
B) At the time, Harvard University forbade the use of nonhuman animals in psychology research. 
C) William James was opposed to opening the field of psychology to women and refused to support her application despite the fact that she was his most brilliant student. 
D) She was a woman, and at the time Harvard was not a coeducational institution.

Question 20

The dependent variable is also called the treatment variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following statements is an important advantage of surveys?

At the conclusion of the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, all participants were debriefed and were told about the actual hypothesis, and the purpose of the experiment was explained tothem.

Neuroscience, an area within the biological perspective,emphasizes the importance of the brain and the nervous systemin explaining people's behavior.

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns ofbehavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behaviorand mental processes.

The ethical requirement of informed consent means that:

Magnet therapy has been shown to be very effective in treating various ailments and conditions.

A meta-analysis is most useful when:

One limitation of the experimental method is that experiments are often conducted in highly controlled laboratory environments and thus may have little to do with actual behavior.

The word replicate refers to:

Charles Darwin was the author of the landmark book on evolution On the Origin of Species.

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrate that people's beliefs and expectations can have a significant influence on behavior and well-being.

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

Magnet therapy is the practice of applying magnets to the body to supposedly treat various conditions and ailments.

In case-based research, information from multiple correlational studies is systematically combined and analyzed.

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrated that:

What constituted the dependent variable in Crum and Langer'shotel experiment?

The participants assigned to the control group or condition inCrum and Langer's hotel experiment were not informed that their housekeeping work was beneficial exercise.

Why was Mary Whiton Calkins denied the Ph.D. degree she hadearned in her graduate studies of psychology at Harvard University?

The dependent variable is also called the treatment variable.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language,and Intelegance

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress Health and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introductionand Research Methods

Which of the following statements is an important advantage of surveys?

At the conclusion of the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, all participants were debriefed and were told about the actual hypothesis, and the purpose of the experiment was explained tothem.

Neuroscience, an area within the biological perspective,emphasizes the importance of the brain and the nervous systemin explaining people's behavior.

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns ofbehavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behaviorand mental processes.

The ethical requirement of informed consent means that:

Magnet therapy has been shown to be very effective in treating various ailments and conditions.

A meta-analysis is most useful when:

One limitation of the experimental method is that experiments are often conducted in highly controlled laboratory environments and thus may have little to do with actual behavior.

The word replicate refers to:

Charles Darwin was the author of the landmark book on evolution On the Origin of Species.

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrate that people's beliefs and expectations can have a significant influence on behavior and well-being.

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

Magnet therapy is the practice of applying magnets to the body to supposedly treat various conditions and ailments.

In case-based research, information from multiple correlational studies is systematically combined and analyzed.

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment demonstrated that:

What constituted the dependent variable in Crum and Langer'shotel experiment?

The participants assigned to the control group or condition inCrum and Langer's hotel experiment were not informed that their housekeeping work was beneficial exercise.

Why was Mary Whiton Calkins denied the Ph.D. degree she hadearned in her graduate studies of psychology at Harvard University?

The dependent variable is also called the treatment variable.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language,and Intelegance

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress Health and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters