Exam 1: Introductionand Research Methods

Positive psychology is a field of psychological research that focuses on the study of positive psychological states, positive individual traits, and social institutions that foster these qualities in individuals and communities.

Correlational research:

The specialty area that applies psychological knowledge tohelping people with chronic and disabling health conditionsadapt to their situation and attain optimal psychological,interpersonal, and physical functioning is called health psychology.

Under the American Psychological Association's ethical codefor psychologists, psychological researchers:

Research on social loafing demonstrated that Europeanparticipants worked harder on a task when working alone,whereas Chinese participants worked harder on a task whenthey were part of a group. These results illustrate theimportance of the _____ perspective in psychology.

Cognitive psychology developed as a reaction against the use of computers in science and industry.

To promote greater tolerance and acceptance of cultural differences, ethnocentrism should be encouraged.

Both structuralists and functionalists agreed that:

When college students are enrolled in a class in which participation in psychological research is part of the course requirement:

Joanna has suffered a series of personal setbacks, including thedeath of a family member, academic problems in college, and adivorce. She feels so sad, upset, and lonely that she iscontemplating suicide. Joanna could probably best be helped bya(n) _____ psychologist.

Which of the following individuals was influential in establishing humanistic psychology and developing a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth?

Culture is a broad term that refers to the attitudes, values,beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people and communicated from one generation to another.

Researchers adhere to ethical guidelines by allowing students who don't want to participate in an experiment the option ofchoosing a different activity to fulfill the class requirement or toget extra credit.

If an experiment is conducted properly, a control group is unnecessary.

Dr. Meziere is giving a presentation on her research at the Annual Symposium of Health Psychologists. Which of thefollowing presentation titles is most likely hers?

Dr. Professor, who follows the _____ perspective,conceptualizes human thinking, memory, and perception interms of an information-processing model.

Which of the following perspectives in psychology seeks to counterbalance psychology's traditional emphasis onpsychological problems and disorders?

Like behaviorists, functionalists were opposed to having psychology study consciousness or conscious experience.

A study on parental use of corporal punishment found arelationship between parental socioeconomic status and use of corporal punishment. Put simply, as socioeconomic statusdeclines, rates of parents' use of corporal punishment rise. Thisfinding represents a:

Even though Dr. Castro does not agree with Freud'spsychoanalytic approach, she still thinks that unconsciousprocesses and interpersonal relationships are critical toexplaining human behavior. Thus, Dr. Castro follows the _____perspective in psychology.