Question 1

In the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, the participants were selected because they were elderly people who believed that their health was "excellent."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, responses to questionnaires about exercise and diet and measures of physical health constituted the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Although the biological perspective was important when psychology was first founded, it is of little interest in contemporary psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When comparing fMRIs to PET scans, you can see that:

Accepted Answer

A) PET scans provide a much sharper picture than fMRIs. 
B) PET scans use less radioactive glucose than fMRIs. 
C) fMRIs provide a picture of brain activity averaged over seconds rather than the several minutes that PET scans require. 
D) PET scans can be used to study the details of much smaller brain structures than fMRIs. 
A) PET scans provide a much sharper picture than fMRIs. 
B) PET scans use less radioactive glucose than fMRIs. 
C) fMRIs provide a picture of brain activity averaged over seconds rather than the several minutes that PET scans require. 
D) PET scans can be used to study the details of much smaller brain structures than fMRIs.

Question 5

In a study on the effects of caffeine on memory, participants drank a bottle of tasteless water containing 100, 50, or 0milligrams of caffeine. Neither the researcher who handed outthe bottled water nor the study participants knew whether the water contained caffeine or not. This is an example of a _____study.

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) case 
C) single-blind 
D) double-blind 
A) correlational 
B) case 
C) single-blind 
D) double-blind

Question 6

Which of the individuals pictured wrote On the Origin of Species, a book thatprovided a compelling account of evolution through the mechanism of naturalselection?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d

Question 7

A representative sample is a:

Accepted Answer

A) group of participants that closely parallels the larger group to be studied on all relevant characteristics, such as age, sex, and race. 
B) sample questionnaire that represents the most likely set of survey response. 
C) small group of volunteers who try to predict the survey results. 
D) list of all the possible questions that might be represented on the final survey. 
A) group of participants that closely parallels the larger group to be studied on all relevant characteristics, such as age, sex, and race. 
B) sample questionnaire that represents the most likely set of survey response. 
C) small group of volunteers who try to predict the survey results. 
D) list of all the possible questions that might be represented on the final survey.

Question 8

Increased number of hours watching television is associated with decreased grades on school tests. This finding represents a positive correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory may not_____ well, meaning that the results cannot be applied to real-world situations or to more general populations beyond the participants in the study.

Accepted Answer

A) replicate 
B) generalize 
C) duplicate 
D) internalize 
A) replicate 
B) generalize 
C) duplicate 
D) internalize

Question 10

Cognitive psychologists primarily investigate the social,psychological, and physical changes that occur at different agesand stages of the lifespan, from conception to death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following approaches was referred to as the "thirdforce" in American psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis 
B) functionalism 
C) humanistic psychology 
D) cognitive psychology 
A) psychoanalysis 
B) functionalism 
C) humanistic psychology 
D) cognitive psychology

Question 12

The participants in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment were not individually assigned to the experimental or control group. Instead, each hotel was randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. What was the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

A) There was a potential confounding variable because if the housekeeping staff at a particular hotel were assigned to two different conditions, they might talk to each other about what they had been told. 
B) The experimenters were trying to avoid the demand cnhataruacral experteristics associment.iat Inecdo wrrecith ret cruiting participants for a 
C) The researchers wanted to avoid a potential confounding variable related to practice effects. 
D) There was a potential confounding variable because if the housekeeping staff at a particular hotel were assigned to two different conditions there would be intense competition between them to improve productivity at the hotel. 
A) There was a potential confounding variable because if the housekeeping staff at a particular hotel were assigned to two different conditions, they might talk to each other about what they had been told. 
B) The experimenters were trying to avoid the demand cnhataruacral experteristics associment.iat Inecdo wrrecith ret cruiting participants for a 
C) The researchers wanted to avoid a potential confounding variable related to practice effects. 
D) There was a potential confounding variable because if the housekeeping staff at a particular hotel were assigned to two different conditions there would be intense competition between them to improve productivity at the hotel.

Question 13

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment showed conclusively that taking ginkgo biloba in combination with exercise has proven health benefits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Studying the differences among various cultures that exist inthe world today and examining their influence on behavior are fundamental goals of cross-cultural psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an invasive imaging technique that provides color-coded images of brain activity by tracking the brain's use of a radioactively tagged compound,such as glucose, oxygen, or other substances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When Renate bought her memory-enhancing subliminal tapesshe was pleased to read about a study that 1showed positiver esults. However, she ignored the evidence from many other studies that did not support the claims made for subliminal tapes. This example illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A) the effect of demand characteristics. 
B) critical thinking. 
C) the confirmation bias. 
D) the practice effect. 
A) the effect of demand characteristics. 
B) critical thinking. 
C) the confirmation bias. 
D) the practice effect.

Question 17

One important limitation of introspection as a research methodwas that introspection:

Accepted Answer

A) could not be used to study behavior in children or animals. 
B) could be used only to study the behavior of people in groups. 
C) emphasized unconscious mental processes rather than conscious mental processes. 
D) was appropriate only as a method to study complex topics, such as learning, development, and personality. 
A) could not be used to study behavior in children or animals. 
B) could be used only to study the behavior of people in groups. 
C) emphasized unconscious mental processes rather than conscious mental processes. 
D) was appropriate only as a method to study complex topics, such as learning, development, and personality.

Question 18

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) numerical indicator of the strength and direction of a relationship between two factors. 
B) independent variable that is used in a correlational study. 
C) numerical indicator of the statistical significance of the findings in a particular research study. 
D) index of the practical rather than the statistical significance of research findings. 
A) numerical indicator of the strength and direction of a relationship between two factors. 
B) independent variable that is used in a correlational study. 
C) numerical indicator of the statistical significance of the findings in a particular research study. 
D) index of the practical rather than the statistical significance of research findings.

Question 20

Dr. Rice studies the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of different types of behavioral and emotional disorders, such as anxiety, mood, and eating disorders. She is most likely a clinical psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

In the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, the participants were selected because they were elderly people who believed that their health was "excellent."

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, responses to questionnaires about exercise and diet and measures of physical health constituted the dependent variable.

Although the biological perspective was important when psychology was first founded, it is of little interest in contemporary psychology.

When comparing fMRIs to PET scans, you can see that:

Which of the individuals pictured wrote On the Origin of Species, a book thatprovided a compelling account of evolution through the mechanism of naturalselection?

A representative sample is a:

Increased number of hours watching television is associated with decreased grades on school tests. This finding represents a positive correlation.

The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory may not_____ well, meaning that the results cannot be applied to real-world situations or to more general populations beyond the participants in the study.

Cognitive psychologists primarily investigate the social,psychological, and physical changes that occur at different agesand stages of the lifespan, from conception to death.

Which of the following approaches was referred to as the "thirdforce" in American psychology?

The participants in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment were not individually assigned to the experimental or control group. Instead, each hotel was randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. What was the reason for this?

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment showed conclusively that taking ginkgo biloba in combination with exercise has proven health benefits.

Studying the differences among various cultures that exist inthe world today and examining their influence on behavior are fundamental goals of cross-cultural psychology.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an invasive imaging technique that provides color-coded images of brain activity by tracking the brain's use of a radioactively tagged compound,such as glucose, oxygen, or other substances.

When Renate bought her memory-enhancing subliminal tapesshe was pleased to read about a study that 1showed positiver esults. However, she ignored the evidence from many other studies that did not support the claims made for subliminal tapes. This example illustrates:

One important limitation of introspection as a research methodwas that introspection:

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

Dr. Rice studies the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of different types of behavioral and emotional disorders, such as anxiety, mood, and eating disorders. She is most likely a clinical psychologist.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language,and Intelegance

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress Health and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introductionand Research Methods

In the Crum and Langer hotel experiment, the participants were selected because they were elderly people who believed that their health was "excellent."

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, responses to questionnaires about exercise and diet and measures of physical health constituted the dependent variable.

Although the biological perspective was important when psychology was first founded, it is of little interest in contemporary psychology.

When comparing fMRIs to PET scans, you can see that:

Which of the individuals pictured wrote On the Origin of Species, a book thatprovided a compelling account of evolution through the mechanism of naturalselection?

A representative sample is a:

Increased number of hours watching television is associated with decreased grades on school tests. This finding represents a positive correlation.

The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory may not_____ well, meaning that the results cannot be applied to real-world situations or to more general populations beyond the participants in the study.

Cognitive psychologists primarily investigate the social,psychological, and physical changes that occur at different agesand stages of the lifespan, from conception to death.

Which of the following approaches was referred to as the "thirdforce" in American psychology?

The participants in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment were not individually assigned to the experimental or control group. Instead, each hotel was randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. What was the reason for this?

In combination, the ginkgo biloba experiment and the hotel experiment showed conclusively that taking ginkgo biloba in combination with exercise has proven health benefits.

Studying the differences among various cultures that exist inthe world today and examining their influence on behavior are fundamental goals of cross-cultural psychology.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an invasive imaging technique that provides color-coded images of brain activity by tracking the brain's use of a radioactively tagged compound,such as glucose, oxygen, or other substances.

When Renate bought her memory-enhancing subliminal tapesshe was pleased to read about a study that 1showed positiver esults. However, she ignored the evidence from many other studies that did not support the claims made for subliminal tapes. This example illustrates:

One important limitation of introspection as a research methodwas that introspection:

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

Dr. Rice studies the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of different types of behavioral and emotional disorders, such as anxiety, mood, and eating disorders. She is most likely a clinical psychologist.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language,and Intelegance

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress Health and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters