Exam 3: Quality and Performance

Table 5.11 Factors for Calculating Three-Sigma Limits for the $\bar{x}$ Chart and R-Chart Source: 1950 ASTM Manual on Quality Control of Materials, copyright American Society for Testing Materials. Reprinted with permission. -Construct a 3-sigma x-bar chart for the length in centimeters of a part from the following table. What is the upper control limit?

An acceptable quality level is measured as the proportion of defective items a buyer is willing to tolerate.

Which one of the following statements is a key feature of both TQM and Six Sigma?

From an ethical standpoint, it is not a requirement to consider the greater societal effects of decisions that reduce the costs of quality.

On a control chart, a type I error occurs when the employee concludes that the process is in control when it is actually out of statistical control.

As he entered his broker's office for the first time, the young associate professor was dazzled by its tasteful accoutrements and the offer of a double tall, split shot, skinny, hazelnut latte. He knew his lottery winnings would be safe here, thanks to his:

The ________ section of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program has the greatest emphasis.

"Quality at the source" implies:

Financial and market results are one consideration of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program.

Historically, the average proportion of defective bars has been 0.015. Samples will be of 100 bars each. Construct a p-chart using z = 3. What is the value of LCL?

Since an employee's responsibility is to move production along, it is ethical to knowingly pass defective services or products to internal or external customers when capacity is tight.

MKS Inc., produces meter sticks that have a target length of 100 centimeters with upper and lower specification limits of 100.05 and 99.95 centimeters respectively. Their existing process produces meter sticks with an average length of 99.97 centimeters and a standard deviation of 0.015 centimeters. What is their process capability index?

Training employees on how to utilize a statistical quality tool would be an example of the intersection between employee involvement and analytical process thinking.

________ of variation include any variation-causing factors that can be identified and eliminated.

A hotel tracks the number of complaints per month. When the process is in control, there is an average of 35 complaints per month. Assume that a 2-sigma control limit is used. What is the lower control limit?

Regarding control charts, changing from three-sigma limits to two-sigma limits:

The process $\bar{x}$ and R-charts are developed using a sample size of 5, but the technician mistakenly looks up A2, D3, and D4 values for a sample size of 7. If these charts are put into daily use, the manufacturer will mistakenly ship more bad product than had the charts been constructed correctly.

The defect rate for a product has historically been about 2.0%. What are the upper and lower control chart limits if you wish to use a sample size of 100 and 3-sigma limits? All answers are in (LCL,UCL) format.

Which step of the Six Sigma DMAIC procedure monitors the process to make sure high performance levels are maintained?

The consultant suspiciously eyed the c-chart that Chickenverks used to monitor the number of broken eggs in each 100 egg carton. "You know you really should be using a p-chart," the consultant commented with an air of superiority. "What's the difference between a p-chart and a c-chart in this application?" the long time Chickenverks employee asked with an obvious edge to his voice. "Well," the consultant replied, "the difference is: