Exam 3: Quality and Performance

A manufacturer embarking on a Six Sigma program sets the goal of having True Six Sigma capability for all processes by the end of the month. If their current process capability index on a key metric is less than 2.0 and the process capability ratio is 1.0, what must happen with the process standard deviation?

When errors have been made while producing a product such that the item must be discarded, the resultant cost is called a(n):

________ costs arise when a defect is discovered after the customer has received the product or service.

________ costs are associated with preventing defects before they happen.

How does SPC help companies implement continuous improvement programs?

A process is monitored with a control chart. The process is correctly judged to be in-control once the results from the most recent sample are plotted. Therefore, all of the output produced at that time is good.

What is the relationship between type I and type II errors and the width of the upper and lower control limits on SPC charts? Propose a mechanism for determining SPC chart limit widths based upon the financial consequences of type I and type II errors.

Common causes of variation are the purely random, unidentifiable sources of variation that are unavoidable with the current process.

Increasing the quality level by better products and processes may:

Strategic planning is given the most weight among the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program.

A metal-cutting operation has a target value of 20 and consistently averages 19.8 with a standard deviation of 0.5. The design engineers have established an upper specification limit of 22 and a lower specification limit of 18. Which statement concerning this process is True?

The customer's assessment of quality with reference to the price paid for the good or service is known as ________.

What are the benefits of ISO certification?

The quality control technician grew weary of measuring pistons that came off the line, so he decided to make a fixture that would tell him whether the piston fell within product specifications. The fixture had two holes, one the exact width of the upper specification (24 cm) and one slightly smaller than the lower specification (21 cm). If the piston fit through the smaller hole, it would be too small and therefore rejected. If the piston didn't fit through the larger hole, it was too large and would be rejected. Just to test his idea, he used the traditional measurement system and his new system on the next eight samples. The data and the two charts he constructed are shown below. Why aren't the plotted points forming similar shapes between the two graphs? Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of his proposed system.

Convicting an innocent defendant is an example of a type II error.

A metal-cutting operation has a target value of 20 and consistently averages 19.8 with a standard deviation of 0.5. The design engineers have established an upper specification limit of 22 and a lower specification limit of 18. What is the process capability index?

If an x-bar chart is constructed using the data in Table 5.4, what conclusion can be reached?

The Baldrige Performance Excellence Program:

The advantage of variable measurements is that they can be quickly counted compared to attribute measurements.

A hotel tracks the number of complaints per month. When the process is in control, there is an average of 35 complaints per month. Assume that a 2-sigma control limit is used. The next four months have 33, 27, 29, and 43 complaints. What should management do?