Question 1

Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances?

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  sclerenchyma cells 
C)  tracheids and vessel elements 
D)  sieve-tube elements 
A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  sclerenchyma cells 
C)  tracheids and vessel elements 
D)  sieve-tube elements

Question 2

Totipotency is a term used to describe a cell's ability to give rise to a complete new organism. In plants, this means that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plant development is not under genetic control 
B)  the cells of shoots and the cells of roots have different genes 
C)  cell differentiation depends largely on the control of gene expression 
D)  a cell's environment has no effect on its differentiation 
A)  plant development is not under genetic control 
B)  the cells of shoots and the cells of roots have different genes 
C)  cell differentiation depends largely on the control of gene expression 
D)  a cell's environment has no effect on its differentiation

Question 3

Which of the following plants are annuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  azaleas 
B)  roses 
C)  blueberries 
D)  wheat 
A)  azaleas 
B)  roses 
C)  blueberries 
D)  wheat

Question 4

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in the morphology of the leaves produced 
B)  the initiation of secondary growth 
C)  a change in the orientation of preprophase bands and cytoplasmic microtubules in lateral meristems 
D)  the activation of floral meristem identity genes 
A)  a change in the morphology of the leaves produced 
B)  the initiation of secondary growth 
C)  a change in the orientation of preprophase bands and cytoplasmic microtubules in lateral meristems 
D)  the activation of floral meristem identity genes

Question 5

Plant meristematic cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are distributed evenly in all tissues throughout the plant 
B)  are undifferentiated cells that produce new cells 
C)  increase the surface area of dermal tissue by developing root hairs 
D)  subdivide into three distinct cell types named parenchyma, ground meristem, and procambium 
A)  are distributed evenly in all tissues throughout the plant 
B)  are undifferentiated cells that produce new cells 
C)  increase the surface area of dermal tissue by developing root hairs 
D)  subdivide into three distinct cell types named parenchyma, ground meristem, and procambium

Question 6

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap 
B)  root hairs 
C)  the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D)  storage roots 
A)  root cap 
B)  root hairs 
C)  the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D)  storage roots

Question 7

Some of the largest leaves in the world can be found on plants near the floor of dense tropical rain forests. Which of the following precursors for photosynthesis is most likely limited in these large leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  glucose 
D)  light 
A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  glucose 
D)  light

Question 8

________ is a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellulose 
B)  Starch 
C)  Lignin 
D)  None of these choices 
A)  Cellulose 
B)  Starch 
C)  Lignin 
D)  None of these choices

Question 9

The following question is based on the drawings of root or stem cross sections shown in the figure.
 
Refer to the figure. A plant that is at least three years old is represented by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  IV only 
A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  IV only

Question 10

Which of the following would not be seen in a cross section through the woody part of a root?

Accepted Answer

A)  sclerenchyma cells 
B)  parenchyma cells 
C)  sieve-tube elements 
D)  root hairs 
A)  sclerenchyma cells 
B)  parenchyma cells 
C)  sieve-tube elements 
D)  root hairs

Question 11

What is present in a shoot apical meristem region?
I the region of cell division
II immature buds and leaves
III cells that will give rise to the protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium

Accepted Answer

A)  only I 
B)  only II 
C)  only III 
D)  I, II, and III 
A)  only I 
B)  only II 
C)  only III 
D)  I, II, and III

Question 12

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem. 
D)  secondary phloem. 
A)  bark. 
B)  periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem. 
D)  secondary phloem.

Question 13

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dermal and ground tissue 
B)  lateral tissues 
C)  pith 
D)  secondary tissues 
A)  dermal and ground tissue 
B)  lateral tissues 
C)  pith 
D)  secondary tissues

Question 14

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell division at the shoot apical meristem 
B)  cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem 
C)  cell elongation localized in each internode 
D)  cell division at the shoot apical meristem and cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem 
A)  cell division at the shoot apical meristem 
B)  cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem 
C)  cell elongation localized in each internode 
D)  cell division at the shoot apical meristem and cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem

Question 15

You find a plant unfamiliar to you and observe that it has vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem cross section. What do you conclude about the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is probably an herbaceous eudicot. 
B)  It will probably get annual rings of wood. 
C)  It is probably a monocot. 
D)  It could be either a young eudicot or a monocot. 
A)  It is probably an herbaceous eudicot. 
B)  It will probably get annual rings of wood. 
C)  It is probably a monocot. 
D)  It could be either a young eudicot or a monocot.

Question 16

Suppose a flower had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls. Based on the ABC hypothesis, what would be the structure of that flower, starting at the outermost whorl?

Accepted Answer

A)  carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B)  petal-petal-stamen-stamen 
C)  sepal-carpel-carpel-sepal 
D)  sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel 
A)  carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B)  petal-petal-stamen-stamen 
C)  sepal-carpel-carpel-sepal 
D)  sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel

Question 17

Leaf thickness represents a trade-off between ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  light collection and carbon dioxide absorption 
B)  water retention and carbon dioxide absorption 
C)  water retention and oxygen absorption 
D)  light collection and oxygen absorption 
A)  light collection and carbon dioxide absorption 
B)  water retention and carbon dioxide absorption 
C)  water retention and oxygen absorption 
D)  light collection and oxygen absorption

Question 18

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in the morphology of the leaves produced. 
B)  the initiation of secondary growth. 
C)  the formation of lateral roots. 
D)  the activation of floral meristem identity genes. 
A)  a change in the morphology of the leaves produced. 
B)  the initiation of secondary growth. 
C)  the formation of lateral roots. 
D)  the activation of floral meristem identity genes.

Question 19

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex 
B)  stele 
C)  periderm 
D)  pith 
A)  cortex 
B)  stele 
C)  periderm 
D)  pith

Question 20

Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  cell differentiation. 
B)  morphogenesis. 
C)  cell division. 
D)  cell elongation. 
A)  cell differentiation. 
B)  morphogenesis. 
C)  cell division. 
D)  cell elongation.

Exam 35: Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances?

Totipotency is a term used to describe a cell's ability to give rise to a complete new organism. In plants, this means that ________.

Which of the following plants are annuals?

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by ________.

Plant meristematic cells ________.

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Some of the largest leaves in the world can be found on plants near the floor of dense tropical rain forests. Which of the following precursors for photosynthesis is most likely limited in these large leaves?

________ is a relatively indigestible strengthening polymer that accounts for more than a quarter of the dry mass of wood.

The following question is based on the drawings of root or stem cross sections shown in the figure. Refer to the figure. A plant that is at least three years old is represented by ________.

Which of the following would not be seen in a cross section through the woody part of a root?

What is present in a shoot apical meristem region? I the region of cell division II immature buds and leaves III cells that will give rise to the protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as ________.

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to ________.

You find a plant unfamiliar to you and observe that it has vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem cross section. What do you conclude about the plant?

Suppose a flower had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls. Based on the ABC hypothesis, what would be the structure of that flower, starting at the outermost whorl?

Leaf thickness represents a trade-off between ________.

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the ________.

Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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