Question 1

Match each term with its correct definition.
-allele

Accepted Answer

A) cell division that is modified to generate haploid cells 
B) haploid products of meiosis 
C) matching of homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase I 
D) term used to describe cells having two sets of chromosomes 
E) diploid body cells that do not undergo meiosis
F)term used to describe cells having a single set of chromosomes
G)life strategy that involves fusion of haploid gametes from two source organisms to form a diploid cell
H)another name for crossover sites
I)variant of a particular gene having a slightly different DNA sequence than another variant of the same gene
J)diploid product of gamete fusion
K)process of gamete fusion 
A) cell division that is modified to generate haploid cells 
B) haploid products of meiosis 
C) matching of homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase I 
D) term used to describe cells having two sets of chromosomes 
E) diploid body cells that do not undergo meiosis
F)term used to describe cells having a single set of chromosomes
G)life strategy that involves fusion of haploid gametes from two source organisms to form a diploid cell
H)another name for crossover sites
I)variant of a particular gene having a slightly different DNA sequence than another variant of the same gene
J)diploid product of gamete fusion
K)process of gamete fusion

Question 2

"Thr" refers to a gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize threonine from inorganic precursors. What does the designation "thr+" indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  that the bacterium is biologically inactive 
B)  that the bacterium is biologically active 
C)  that the allele is the mutant allele 
D)  that the allele is normal (i.e., wild type) 
A)  that the bacterium is biologically inactive 
B)  that the bacterium is biologically active 
C)  that the allele is the mutant allele 
D)  that the allele is normal (i.e., wild type)

Question 3

During conjugation, which cells are the recipients of the exogenous DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  F- cells 
B)  F2 cells 
C)  F1 cells 
D)  F+ cells 
A)  F- cells 
B)  F2 cells 
C)  F1 cells 
D)  F+ cells

Question 4

Which stage of meiosis is characterized by DNA condensation into compact chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  prometaphase I 
D)  anaphase I 
A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  prometaphase I 
D)  anaphase I

Question 5

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sexual reproduction mixes genetic information into a new combination in the next generation. 
B)  Sexual reproduction ensures a greater number of progeny. 
C)  Sexual reproduction keeps the number of chromosomes constant more effectively. 
D)  Sexual reproduction requires an interaction between two individuals. 
A)  Sexual reproduction mixes genetic information into a new combination in the next generation. 
B)  Sexual reproduction ensures a greater number of progeny. 
C)  Sexual reproduction keeps the number of chromosomes constant more effectively. 
D)  Sexual reproduction requires an interaction between two individuals.

Question 6

Suppose that an unknown organism from an alien planet is observed and found to have a diploid state only following fertilization. Meiosis follows and the majority of this organism's life is spent in a haploid state. Which multicellular organisms on Earth most closely resemble this type of life cycle strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  ferns 
B)  maple trees 
C)  humpback whales 
D)  some algae 
A)  ferns 
B)  maple trees 
C)  humpback whales 
D)  some algae

Question 7

For some virulent phages, fragments of the host DNA may be included in the heads as the viral particles assemble, thus providing the basis for transduction of bacterial genes during the next cycle of infection. What is the name of this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized transduction 
B)  transformation 
C)  transmutation 
D)  specific transduction 
A)  generalized transduction 
B)  transformation 
C)  transmutation 
D)  specific transduction

Question 8

Which of the following always results from recombination at the synaptonemal complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  a random number of changed chromatids versus unchanged chromatids 
B)  four unchanged chromatids 
C)  two changed chromatids and two unchanged chromatids 
D)  four changed chromatids 
A)  a random number of changed chromatids versus unchanged chromatids 
B)  four unchanged chromatids 
C)  two changed chromatids and two unchanged chromatids 
D)  four changed chromatids

Question 9

Match each term with its correct definition.
-gametes

Accepted Answer

A) cell division that is modified to generate haploid cells 
B) haploid products of meiosis 
C) matching of homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase I 
D) term used to describe cells having two sets of chromosomes 
E) diploid body cells that do not undergo meiosis
F)term used to describe cells having a single set of chromosomes
G)life strategy that involves fusion of haploid gametes from two source organisms to form a diploid cell
H)another name for crossover sites
I)variant of a particular gene having a slightly different DNA sequence than another variant of the same gene
J)diploid product of gamete fusion
K)process of gamete fusion 
A) cell division that is modified to generate haploid cells 
B) haploid products of meiosis 
C) matching of homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase I 
D) term used to describe cells having two sets of chromosomes 
E) diploid body cells that do not undergo meiosis
F)term used to describe cells having a single set of chromosomes
G)life strategy that involves fusion of haploid gametes from two source organisms to form a diploid cell
H)another name for crossover sites
I)variant of a particular gene having a slightly different DNA sequence than another variant of the same gene
J)diploid product of gamete fusion
K)process of gamete fusion

Question 10

Describe the two stages in meiosis where the most genetic recombination occurs.

Accepted Answer

The two stages of meiosis that are the m

Question 11

Match the events listed below to the following processes. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-Spindles are disassembled and replaced by new spindles.

Accepted Answer

A) prophase I 
B) prometaphase I 
C) metaphase I 
D) anaphase I 
E) telophase I
F)prophase II
G)prometaphase II
H)metaphase II
I)anaphase II
J)telophase II 
A) prophase I 
B) prometaphase I 
C) metaphase I 
D) anaphase I 
E) telophase I
F)prophase II
G)prometaphase II
H)metaphase II
I)anaphase II
J)telophase II

Question 12

Which term refers to a virus in the lysogenic cycle that is fully integrated into the host genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  virulent phage 
B)  infectious phage 
C)  tempered phage 
D)  prophage 
A)  virulent phage 
B)  infectious phage 
C)  tempered phage 
D)  prophage

Question 13

Haploid cells have homologous chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which phrase best describes sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A)  two chromosomes having the same alleles of the same genes in a different order 
B)  two chromosomes having different alleles of the same genes arranged in a different order 
C)  two chromosomes having an identical DNA sequence 
D)  two chromosomes having the same genes in the same order, but having different alleles 
A)  two chromosomes having the same alleles of the same genes in a different order 
B)  two chromosomes having different alleles of the same genes arranged in a different order 
C)  two chromosomes having an identical DNA sequence 
D)  two chromosomes having the same genes in the same order, but having different alleles

Question 15

By which molecular process do non-infective strains of bacteria acquire genes from infectious strains?

Accepted Answer

A)  by nuclear division 
B)  by metaphase II 
C)  by double crossovers 
D)  by meiosis 
A)  by nuclear division 
B)  by metaphase II 
C)  by double crossovers 
D)  by meiosis

Question 16

Suppose that a researcher exposes a non-infective form of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae to heat-killed cells of an infective strain. Which process of genetic exchange is most likely to occur between the strains?

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation 
B)  re-infection 
C)  transduction 
D)  transformation 
A)  conjugation 
B)  re-infection 
C)  transduction 
D)  transformation

Question 17

In terms of meiosis, what is the essential difference between the life cycle of animals and the life cycle of plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants alternate between haploid and diploid generations. 
B)  Animals do not have a haploid phase. 
C)  Animals have a dominant haploid phase. 
D)  Plants alternate between diploid and polyploid generations. 
A)  Plants alternate between haploid and diploid generations. 
B)  Animals do not have a haploid phase. 
C)  Animals have a dominant haploid phase. 
D)  Plants alternate between diploid and polyploid generations.

Question 18

What is identified through the technique of replica plating?

Accepted Answer

A)  auxotrophic bacteria 
B)  a heterozygote 
C)  prototrophic bacteria 
D)  phototropic bacteria 
A)  auxotrophic bacteria 
B)  a heterozygote 
C)  prototrophic bacteria 
D)  phototropic bacteria

Question 19

Which type of DNA is transferred as a result of conjugation involving an Hfr strain of E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  the F factor 
B)  chromosomal genes 
C)  eukaryotic DNA 
D)  the sex pilus 
A)  the F factor 
B)  chromosomal genes 
C)  eukaryotic DNA 
D)  the sex pilus

Question 20

What is the purpose of the sex pilus?

Accepted Answer

A)  to form a gap junction and conjugate 
B)  to allow transfer of gametes 
C)  to facilitate DNA exchange 
D)  to stabilize a network of bacterial cells 
A)  to form a gap junction and conjugate 
B)  to allow transfer of gametes 
C)  to facilitate DNA exchange 
D)  to stabilize a network of bacterial cells

Exam 8: Genetic Recombination

Match each term with its correct definition. -allele

"Thr" refers to a gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize threonine from inorganic precursors. What does the designation "thr+" indicate?

During conjugation, which cells are the recipients of the exogenous DNA?

Which stage of meiosis is characterized by DNA condensation into compact chromosomes?

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

For some virulent phages, fragments of the host DNA may be included in the heads as the viral particles assemble, thus providing the basis for transduction of bacterial genes during the next cycle of infection. What is the name of this mechanism?

Which of the following always results from recombination at the synaptonemal complex?

Match each term with its correct definition. -gametes

Describe the two stages in meiosis where the most genetic recombination occurs.

Match the events listed below to the following processes. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Spindles are disassembled and replaced by new spindles.

Which term refers to a virus in the lysogenic cycle that is fully integrated into the host genome?

Haploid cells have homologous chromosomes.

Which phrase best describes sister chromatids?

By which molecular process do non-infective strains of bacteria acquire genes from infectious strains?

Suppose that a researcher exposes a non-infective form of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae to heat-killed cells of an infective strain. Which process of genetic exchange is most likely to occur between the strains?

In terms of meiosis, what is the essential difference between the life cycle of animals and the life cycle of plants?

What is identified through the technique of replica plating?

Which type of DNA is transferred as a result of conjugation involving an Hfr strain of E. coli?

What is the purpose of the sex pilus?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

"Thr" refers to a gene that governs a cell's ability to synthesize threonine from inorganic precursors. What does the designation "thr⁺" indicate?