Question 1

Which of the following will disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium the least?

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection 
B)  stabilizing selection 
C)  migration 
D)  reduction to a small population size 
A)  directional selection 
B)  stabilizing selection 
C)  migration 
D)  reduction to a small population size

Question 2

What is any product of natural selection that increases the relative fitness of an organism in its environment called?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  adaptive trait 
C)  adaptation 
D)  variation 
A)  mutation 
B)  adaptive trait 
C)  adaptation 
D)  variation

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the condition in which evolution could have taken place?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies 
B)  when a mutation occurs in a population 
C)  when a feature of an individual animal changes through use or disuse 
D)  when a population has different forms of the same gene 
A)  when a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies 
B)  when a mutation occurs in a population 
C)  when a feature of an individual animal changes through use or disuse 
D)  when a population has different forms of the same gene

Question 4

Because of fluctuations in the environment, such as depletion of food supply or an outbreak of disease, a population may periodically experience a rapid and marked decrease in the number of individuals, leading to a form of genetic drift. What is this form of genetic drift called?

Accepted Answer

A)  a founder effect 
B)  migration 
C)  gene flow 
D)  a genetic bottleneck 
A)  a founder effect 
B)  migration 
C)  gene flow 
D)  a genetic bottleneck

Question 5

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent.
-a heritable change in DNA

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection 
A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection

Question 6

Which of the following does directional selection favour?

Accepted Answer

A)  intermediate phenotypes 
B)  phenotypes at one end of the distribution 
C)  phenotypic extremes at both ends 
D)  heterozygotes 
A)  intermediate phenotypes 
B)  phenotypes at one end of the distribution 
C)  phenotypic extremes at both ends 
D)  heterozygotes

Question 7

What is the natural selection that shifts the adaptation of an entire population called?

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  disruptive selection 
D)  artificial selection 
A)  stabilizing selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  disruptive selection 
D)  artificial selection

Question 8

Which of the following is describing the situation when microevolution takes place?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies 
B)  when a mutation occurs in a population 
C)  when several mutations occur in a population 
D)  when a population has different forms of the same gene 
A)  when a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies 
B)  when a mutation occurs in a population 
C)  when several mutations occur in a population 
D)  when a population has different forms of the same gene

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct expression of the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Accepted Answer

A)  p + q = 0 
B)  p2 + pq - q2 = 1 
C)  p2 + 2pq + q2 = 0 
D)  p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 
A)  p + q = 0 
B)  p2 + pq - q2 = 1 
C)  p2 + 2pq + q2 = 0 
D)  p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Question 10

Which of the following is the least likely result of a genetic bottleneck?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the frequency of the less common allele 
B)  allele frequencies identical to the previous generation 
C)  a decrease in the frequency of an uncommon allele 
D)  a decrease in the frequency of the most common allele 
A)  an increase in the frequency of the less common allele 
B)  allele frequencies identical to the previous generation 
C)  a decrease in the frequency of an uncommon allele 
D)  a decrease in the frequency of the most common allele

Question 11

Which of the following best describes microevolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of a new species 
B)  the occurrence of a new mutation 
C)  a change in allele frequencies within a population 
D)  the gradual change in the form of fossils over geological time 
A)  the formation of a new species 
B)  the occurrence of a new mutation 
C)  a change in allele frequencies within a population 
D)  the gradual change in the form of fossils over geological time

Question 12

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of microevolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  a heritable change in the genetics of a population over time 
B)  natural selection leading to adaptation over time 
C)  the occurrence of a series of mutations over time 
D)  the origin of major new forms of life over time 
A)  a heritable change in the genetics of a population over time 
B)  natural selection leading to adaptation over time 
C)  the occurrence of a series of mutations over time 
D)  the origin of major new forms of life over time

Question 13

A baby is born with wrinkled, poorly-formed skin and blood vessels prone to rupturing. What can we say the baby has inherited?

Accepted Answer

A)  a lethal mutation 
B)  a deleterious mutation 
C)  an advantageous mutation 
D)  a partial mutation 
A)  a lethal mutation 
B)  a deleterious mutation 
C)  an advantageous mutation 
D)  a partial mutation

Question 14

Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative variation.

Accepted Answer

Both types of variation descri

Question 15

In which of the following scenarios will genetic drift have a progressively larger impact on allele frequencies in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  when gene flow increases 
B)  when population size decreases 
C)  when mutation rate decreases 
D)  when random mating increases 
A)  when gene flow increases 
B)  when population size decreases 
C)  when mutation rate decreases 
D)  when random mating increases

Question 16

Which of the following defines characters between individuals that exist in two or more discrete states?

Accepted Answer

A)  quantitative variation 
B)  qualitative variation 
C)  genetic variation 
D)  punctuated equilibrium 
A)  quantitative variation 
B)  qualitative variation 
C)  genetic variation 
D)  punctuated equilibrium

Question 17

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent.
-differential survivorship or reproduction of individuals with different genotypes

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection 
A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection

Question 18

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent.
-change in allele frequencies as individuals join a population and reproduce

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection 
A) gene flow 
B) non-random mating 
C) genetic drift 
D) mutation 
E) natural selection

Question 19

What is the contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation in relation to the contributions of other individuals called?

Accepted Answer

A)  competition 
B)  genetic drift 
C)  relative fitness 
D)  gene flow 
A)  competition 
B)  genetic drift 
C)  relative fitness 
D)  gene flow

Question 20

Small populations on islands can be said to have experienced a form of genetic drift called the founder effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Which of the following will disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium the least?

What is any product of natural selection that increases the relative fitness of an organism in its environment called?

Which of the following best describes the condition in which evolution could have taken place?

Because of fluctuations in the environment, such as depletion of food supply or an outbreak of disease, a population may periodically experience a rapid and marked decrease in the number of individuals, leading to a form of genetic drift. What is this form of genetic drift called?

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent. -a heritable change in DNA

Which of the following does directional selection favour?

What is the natural selection that shifts the adaptation of an entire population called?

Which of the following is describing the situation when microevolution takes place?

Which of the following is a correct expression of the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Which of the following is the least likely result of a genetic bottleneck?

Which of the following best describes microevolution?

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of microevolution?

A baby is born with wrinkled, poorly-formed skin and blood vessels prone to rupturing. What can we say the baby has inherited?

Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative variation.

In which of the following scenarios will genetic drift have a progressively larger impact on allele frequencies in a population?

Which of the following defines characters between individuals that exist in two or more discrete states?

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent. -differential survivorship or reproduction of individuals with different genotypes

Match each of the following definitions with the correct agent. -change in allele frequencies as individuals join a population and reproduce

What is the contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation in relation to the contributions of other individuals called?

Small populations on islands can be said to have experienced a form of genetic drift called the founder effect.

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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