Question 1

Which of the following is important for the effective use of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Be consistent in punishing children for the same things and in the same way. 
B)  Ignore the anger and hurt feelings of the person being punished. 
C)  Use response cost for younger children, not for older ones. 
D)  Use harsh punishment to guarantee obedience. 
A)  Be consistent in punishing children for the same things and in the same way. 
B)  Ignore the anger and hurt feelings of the person being punished. 
C)  Use response cost for younger children, not for older ones. 
D)  Use harsh punishment to guarantee obedience.

Question 2

An internal representation of relationships that acts as a guide is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive map. 
B)  cognitive antecedent. 
C)  eidetic image. 
D)  non-operant response. 
A)  cognitive map. 
B)  cognitive antecedent. 
C)  eidetic image. 
D)  non-operant response.

Question 3

According to your textbook,the three basic tools one has available to control simple learning include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement. 
B)  non-reinforcement. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  cognitions. 
A)  reinforcement. 
B)  non-reinforcement. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  cognitions.

Question 4

For punishment to be effective with children,

Accepted Answer

A)  they must be punished on an intermittent schedule. 
B)  one parent must be the punisher and the other the reinforcer. 
C)  parents should be very clear about what they regard as misbehavior. 
D)  it is important that the punishment not be too predictable, that is, if you gave three warnings last time, give only one warning this time. 
A)  they must be punished on an intermittent schedule. 
B)  one parent must be the punisher and the other the reinforcer. 
C)  parents should be very clear about what they regard as misbehavior. 
D)  it is important that the punishment not be too predictable, that is, if you gave three warnings last time, give only one warning this time.

Question 5

Barry is making a decision concerning which job he will accept.He remembers how it was in similar jobs in the past and anticipates potential rewards and problems on each of these jobs.In choosing which job to take,Barry is using

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  vicarious classical conditioning. 
C)  cognitive learning. 
D)  instrumental learning. 
A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  vicarious classical conditioning. 
C)  cognitive learning. 
D)  instrumental learning.

Question 6

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother working his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

Accepted Answer

A)  Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B)  Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C)  Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D)  Mark did not pay enough attention to his brother's modeled behaviors. 
A)  Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B)  Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C)  Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D)  Mark did not pay enough attention to his brother's modeled behaviors.

Question 7

The first step in using "behavioral self-management" is to

Accepted Answer

A)  choose reinforcers. 
B)  establish goals. 
C)  choose a target behavior. 
D)  record two baselines. 
A)  choose reinforcers. 
B)  establish goals. 
C)  choose a target behavior. 
D)  record two baselines.

Question 8

A teen who is punished at home a lot will be gone as much as possible.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  modeling. 
C)  negative transfer. 
D)  avoidance learning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  modeling. 
C)  negative transfer. 
D)  avoidance learning.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a step in the behavioral self-management program discussed in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  choose a target behavior 
B)  record a baseline 
C)  choose reinforcing and punishing self-statements 
D)  adjust your plan as you learn more about your behavior 
A)  choose a target behavior 
B)  record a baseline 
C)  choose reinforcing and punishing self-statements 
D)  adjust your plan as you learn more about your behavior

Question 10

If you watch television every night and want to study more,make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour.Then,lengthen the requirement each week.Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  the Premack principle. 
C)  higher order conditioning. 
D)  the law of association. 
A)  latent learning. 
B)  the Premack principle. 
C)  higher order conditioning. 
D)  the law of association.

Question 11

Typical TV viewers are exposed to a massive dose of media violence,which tends to promote the development of aggression due to

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning. 
B)  increased frustration. 
C)  positive transfer. 
D)  negative transfer. 
A)  observational learning. 
B)  increased frustration. 
C)  positive transfer. 
D)  negative transfer.

Question 12

David is a recovering alcoholic.He has not had a drink in eight months.David has avoided parties where alcohol is served,found new friends who do not drink and stayed away from bars.Of the strategies listed in your text for breaking a bad habit,David is using the one involving

Accepted Answer

A)  breaking up response chains. 
B)  cues and antecedents. 
C)  alternate responses. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  breaking up response chains. 
B)  cues and antecedents. 
C)  alternate responses. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 13

Children tend to act as if parents give them the message,"Do as I do,not as I say." This is because of the powerful effect of

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling. 
B)  learning sets. 
C)  cognitive mapping. 
D)  punishment. 
A)  modeling. 
B)  learning sets. 
C)  cognitive mapping. 
D)  punishment.

Question 14

You are on a picnic with friends when it starts raining.You and your friends run to your car carrying the food.Your running to the car is an example of __________learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  escape 
B)  place 
C)  latent 
D)  respondent 
A)  escape 
B)  place 
C)  latent 
D)  respondent

Question 15

Regarding self-recording,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-recording works because people tend to react to being observed, even when they are the ones watching their own behavior. 
B)  When one uses self-recording, he or she is more likely to engage in desired behaviors and less likely to perform undesired behaviors. 
C)  Record keeping can be motivating as one begins to make progress. 
D)  In self-recording, one should use a chart that records the number of times the behavior occurred, where it occurred, the time it occurred, and one's feelings. 
A)  Self-recording works because people tend to react to being observed, even when they are the ones watching their own behavior. 
B)  When one uses self-recording, he or she is more likely to engage in desired behaviors and less likely to perform undesired behaviors. 
C)  Record keeping can be motivating as one begins to make progress. 
D)  In self-recording, one should use a chart that records the number of times the behavior occurred, where it occurred, the time it occurred, and one's feelings.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  escape learning 
B)  avoidance learning 
C)  aggression 
D)  accelerated extinction 
A)  escape learning 
B)  avoidance learning 
C)  aggression 
D)  accelerated extinction

Question 17

A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of

Accepted Answer

A)  alternate responses. 
B)  breaking up response chains. 
C)  cues and antecedents. 
D)  extinction. 
A)  alternate responses. 
B)  breaking up response chains. 
C)  cues and antecedents. 
D)  extinction.

Question 18

Regarding punishment,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Punishment tells a person or animal that a response was "wrong." 
B)  Punishment teaches new behaviors. 
C)  Punishment tells a person or animal what the "right" response is. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  Punishment tells a person or animal that a response was "wrong." 
B)  Punishment teaches new behaviors. 
C)  Punishment tells a person or animal what the "right" response is. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 19

It is much more effective to

Accepted Answer

A)  punish unwanted behaviors than it is to reinforce desirable behaviors. 
B)  reinforce desirable behaviors than it is to punish unwanted behaviors. 
C)  use punishment for unwanted behaviors than to use nonreinforcement by ignoring them. 
D)  use a combination of punishment and extinction than to use reinforcement. 
A)  punish unwanted behaviors than it is to reinforce desirable behaviors. 
B)  reinforce desirable behaviors than it is to punish unwanted behaviors. 
C)  use punishment for unwanted behaviors than to use nonreinforcement by ignoring them. 
D)  use a combination of punishment and extinction than to use reinforcement.

Question 20

The Premack principle states that

Accepted Answer

A)  primary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
B)  secondary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
C)  things you like to do can act as rewards. 
D)  the entire response must be completed before rewards are most effective. 
A)  primary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
B)  secondary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
C)  things you like to do can act as rewards. 
D)  the entire response must be completed before rewards are most effective.

Exam 6: C: Conditioning and Learning

Which of the following is important for the effective use of punishment?

An internal representation of relationships that acts as a guide is referred to as a(n)

According to your textbook,the three basic tools one has available to control simple learning include all of the following EXCEPT

For punishment to be effective with children,

Barry is making a decision concerning which job he will accept.He remembers how it was in similar jobs in the past and anticipates potential rewards and problems on each of these jobs.In choosing which job to take,Barry is using

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother working his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

The first step in using "behavioral self-management" is to

A teen who is punished at home a lot will be gone as much as possible.This is an example of

Which of the following is NOT a step in the behavioral self-management program discussed in your textbook?

If you watch television every night and want to study more,make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour.Then,lengthen the requirement each week.Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of

Typical TV viewers are exposed to a massive dose of media violence,which tends to promote the development of aggression due to

David is a recovering alcoholic.He has not had a drink in eight months.David has avoided parties where alcohol is served,found new friends who do not drink and stayed away from bars.Of the strategies listed in your text for breaking a bad habit,David is using the one involving

Children tend to act as if parents give them the message,"Do as I do,not as I say." This is because of the powerful effect of

You are on a picnic with friends when it starts raining.You and your friends run to your car carrying the food.Your running to the car is an example of __________learning.

Regarding self-recording,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of punishment?

A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of

Regarding punishment,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

It is much more effective to

The Premack principle states that

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology