Question 1

Learning your way through the various levels of a video game requires that you develop which of the following regarding this video game?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cognitive map 
B)  a behavioral contract 
C)  automatic adaptation 
D)  projective assessment 
A)  a cognitive map 
B)  a behavioral contract 
C)  automatic adaptation 
D)  projective assessment

Question 2

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave.A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise,approval,and rewards to change the students' behaviors.According to research,what would you tell Cynthia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her yelling and humiliation strategies will eventually work if she is consistent and intensifies this approach. 
B)  Using physical punishment to correct her students' misbehaviors would be the most effective method for her to use. 
C)  The use of praise, approval, and reward are largely ineffective in controlling students' misbehaviors. 
D)  None of these statements are correct. 
A)  Her yelling and humiliation strategies will eventually work if she is consistent and intensifies this approach. 
B)  Using physical punishment to correct her students' misbehaviors would be the most effective method for her to use. 
C)  The use of praise, approval, and reward are largely ineffective in controlling students' misbehaviors. 
D)  None of these statements are correct.

Question 3

By observing a model,a person may learn all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperamental preferences in the performance of the skill. 
B)  how to carry out or avoid previously learned responses. 
C)  the general rules that can be applied to various situations. 
D)  new responses. 
A)  the temperamental preferences in the performance of the skill. 
B)  how to carry out or avoid previously learned responses. 
C)  the general rules that can be applied to various situations. 
D)  new responses.

Question 4

Learning to make a response in order to end an aversive stimulus is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  escape learning. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  respondent conditioning. 
A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  escape learning. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  respondent conditioning.

Question 5

The best teaching strategies involve problem solving with enough direction from teachers so that students gain useful knowledge,while also providing enough freedom so students can actively think about these problems themselves.This technique is called

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  response chaining. 
C)  guided discovery. 
D)  rote learning. 
A)  latent learning. 
B)  response chaining. 
C)  guided discovery. 
D)  rote learning.

Question 6

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe

Accepted Answer

A)  rote learning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  discovery learning. 
A)  rote learning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  discovery learning.

Question 7

In Bandura's classic Bo-Bo doll experiment,most of the children imitated

Accepted Answer

A)  the live adult model, but not the filmed model. 
B)  the cartoon model, but not the live adult model. 
C)  the cartoon model and filmed model, but not the live adult model. 
D)  all of the models, whether live, filmed, or cartoon. 
A)  the live adult model, but not the filmed model. 
B)  the cartoon model, but not the live adult model. 
C)  the cartoon model and filmed model, but not the live adult model. 
D)  all of the models, whether live, filmed, or cartoon.

Question 8

You work with a loud and obnoxious person and try to end your conversation with him as soon as possible,which illustrates __________learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  respondent 
B)  place 
C)  escape 
D)  latent 
A)  respondent 
B)  place 
C)  escape 
D)  latent

Question 9

Seven-year-old Jai is watching his favorite television show in which the hero has to use violence in order to defeat the villains and save the city.Which of the following is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jai will not imitate the hero's actions since he recognizes that the show is a fantasy, not a real situation. 
B)  Jai will be sensitized to the violence, so that he will react more anxiously and negatively toward violence since he has seen it's destructiveness. 
C)  Jai will not imitate the hero's actions because he understands that violence is not an acceptable way to solve problems. 
D)  Jai is more likely to model the aggression he has seen in the television show. 
A)  Jai will not imitate the hero's actions since he recognizes that the show is a fantasy, not a real situation. 
B)  Jai will be sensitized to the violence, so that he will react more anxiously and negatively toward violence since he has seen it's destructiveness. 
C)  Jai will not imitate the hero's actions because he understands that violence is not an acceptable way to solve problems. 
D)  Jai is more likely to model the aggression he has seen in the television show.

Question 10

Studies of modeled aggression suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  the viewing of TV aggression does not have any significant effect on children's behavior. 
B)  children tend to be calmer after observing aggression on television due to the cathartic effect. 
C)  physical punishment by parents has little modeled effect on a child's aggressiveness. 
D)  children who watch a great deal of televised violence will be more prone to behave aggressively. 
A)  the viewing of TV aggression does not have any significant effect on children's behavior. 
B)  children tend to be calmer after observing aggression on television due to the cathartic effect. 
C)  physical punishment by parents has little modeled effect on a child's aggressiveness. 
D)  children who watch a great deal of televised violence will be more prone to behave aggressively.

Question 11

You work with a loud and obnoxious person and have learned to "go in the opposite direction" whenever you see him coming down the hall so you will not have to get into a conversation with him.Your behavior illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  stimulus generalization. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  response chaining. 
A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  stimulus generalization. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  response chaining.

Question 12

Jai touched a light socket and received a shock.Jai will probably not touch a light socket again because he received

Accepted Answer

A)  mild punishment. 
B)  severe punishment. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  response cost. 
A)  mild punishment. 
B)  severe punishment. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  response cost.

Question 13

One of the reasons you had labs in your science courses in high school was to allow you to perform experiments that fostered your understanding of the scientific principles.The use of these science labs to gain understanding and insight of various scientific principles is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  discovery learning. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  cognitive mapping. 
A)  latent learning. 
B)  discovery learning. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  cognitive mapping.

Question 14

Regarding televised violence,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research has concluded that watching televised violence as a child does not influence the amount of aggressiveness shown in young adulthood. 
B)  Younger children are more likely to be influenced by televised violence because they do not fully recognize that media characters and stories are fantasies. 
C)  Youngsters who believe that aggression is an acceptable way to solve problems are more likely to be influenced by televised violence. 
D)  Children who identify with TV characters, whether it is the hero or the villain, are more likely to copy televised aggression. 
A)  Research has concluded that watching televised violence as a child does not influence the amount of aggressiveness shown in young adulthood. 
B)  Younger children are more likely to be influenced by televised violence because they do not fully recognize that media characters and stories are fantasies. 
C)  Youngsters who believe that aggression is an acceptable way to solve problems are more likely to be influenced by televised violence. 
D)  Children who identify with TV characters, whether it is the hero or the villain, are more likely to copy televised aggression.

Question 15

With older children and adults,you can bridge the delay between the misbehavior and the punishment by

Accepted Answer

A)  making the punishment more severe. 
B)  waiting until the next instance of misbehavior. 
C)  clearly stating what act you are punishing. 
D)  showing intense anger as you begin the punishment. 
A)  making the punishment more severe. 
B)  waiting until the next instance of misbehavior. 
C)  clearly stating what act you are punishing. 
D)  showing intense anger as you begin the punishment.

Question 16

One of the basic tools available to control simple learning is

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement. 
B)  cognitive modeling. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  acquisition. 
A)  reinforcement. 
B)  cognitive modeling. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  acquisition.

Question 17

Children have been shown to imitate the violence portrayed in

Accepted Answer

A)  live and televised professional wrestling matches. 
B)  rap music. 
C)  video games. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  live and televised professional wrestling matches. 
B)  rap music. 
C)  video games. 
D)  all of these.

Question 18

Violent video games tend to make aggressive behavior more likely because

Accepted Answer

A)  repeated exposure to violence sensitizes individuals, making them more likely to react negatively to violence. 
B)  players may learn to be aggressive in real life by practicing violence against other people within the games. 
C)  the games arouse an innate aggressive instinct. 
D)  the games serve as a cathartic outlet for pent-up anger. 
A)  repeated exposure to violence sensitizes individuals, making them more likely to react negatively to violence. 
B)  players may learn to be aggressive in real life by practicing violence against other people within the games. 
C)  the games arouse an innate aggressive instinct. 
D)  the games serve as a cathartic outlet for pent-up anger.

Question 19

The basic tools a person has available to control simple learning include

Accepted Answer

A)  reward conditioning. 
B)  acquisition. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  punishment. 
A)  reward conditioning. 
B)  acquisition. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  punishment.

Question 20

Internal images or other mental representations of an area (maze,city,campus,etc.)that underlie an ability to choose alternative paths to the same goal is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive map. 
B)  cognitive antecedent. 
C)  eidetic image. 
D)  non-operant response. 
A)  cognitive map. 
B)  cognitive antecedent. 
C)  eidetic image. 
D)  non-operant response.

Exam 6: C: Conditioning and Learning

Learning your way through the various levels of a video game requires that you develop which of the following regarding this video game?

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave.A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise,approval,and rewards to change the students' behaviors.According to research,what would you tell Cynthia?

By observing a model,a person may learn all of the following EXCEPT

Learning to make a response in order to end an aversive stimulus is known as

The best teaching strategies involve problem solving with enough direction from teachers so that students gain useful knowledge,while also providing enough freedom so students can actively think about these problems themselves.This technique is called

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe

In Bandura's classic Bo-Bo doll experiment,most of the children imitated

You work with a loud and obnoxious person and try to end your conversation with him as soon as possible,which illustrates __________learning.

Seven-year-old Jai is watching his favorite television show in which the hero has to use violence in order to defeat the villains and save the city.Which of the following is most likely?

Studies of modeled aggression suggest that

You work with a loud and obnoxious person and have learned to "go in the opposite direction" whenever you see him coming down the hall so you will not have to get into a conversation with him.Your behavior illustrates

Jai touched a light socket and received a shock.Jai will probably not touch a light socket again because he received

One of the reasons you had labs in your science courses in high school was to allow you to perform experiments that fostered your understanding of the scientific principles.The use of these science labs to gain understanding and insight of various scientific principles is an example of

Regarding televised violence,which of the following statements is FALSE?

With older children and adults,you can bridge the delay between the misbehavior and the punishment by

One of the basic tools available to control simple learning is

Children have been shown to imitate the violence portrayed in

Violent video games tend to make aggressive behavior more likely because

The basic tools a person has available to control simple learning include

Internal images or other mental representations of an area (maze,city,campus,etc.)that underlie an ability to choose alternative paths to the same goal is a(n)

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology