Question 1

An example of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)is

Accepted Answer

A) cell-surface proteins. 
B) flagellin proteins. 
C) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 
D) pilus. 
A) cell-surface proteins. 
B) flagellin proteins. 
C) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 
D) pilus.

Question 2

Which of the following diseases is/are associated with organ-specific autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A) autoimmune hypothyroidism 
B) juvenile (type I)diabetes 
C) systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) autoimmune hypothyroidism and juvenile (type I)diabetes 
A) autoimmune hypothyroidism 
B) juvenile (type I)diabetes 
C) systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
D) autoimmune hypothyroidism and juvenile (type I)diabetes

Question 3

Are superantigen reactions beneficial or harmful to the host? What is different about a superantigen reaction compared to normal antigen-host cell interactions?

Accepted Answer

Superantigen reactions are harmful to th

Question 4

Superantigens activate more T cells than a normal immune response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The cells active in both innate and adaptive immunity develop from common pluripotent precursors in the bone marrow called

Accepted Answer

A) B cells. 
B) killer cells. 
C) stem cells. 
D) leukocytes. 
A) B cells. 
B) killer cells. 
C) stem cells. 
D) leukocytes.

Question 6

An attenuated strain of a pathogen

Accepted Answer

A) has lost its virulence,but may be used to create a vaccine. 
B) has changed its antigens to avoid an adaptive immune response. 
C) is more virulent than the regular strains and may cause septic shock. 
D) is an extracellular pathogen that will be cleared by innate immunity. 
A) has lost its virulence,but may be used to create a vaccine. 
B) has changed its antigens to avoid an adaptive immune response. 
C) is more virulent than the regular strains and may cause septic shock. 
D) is an extracellular pathogen that will be cleared by innate immunity.

Question 7

An individual can receive injections of an antiserum or purified antibodies derived from an immune individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The first defense cells that interact with a pathogen in the body are

Accepted Answer

A) T cells. 
B) macrophages. 
C) B cells. 
D) mast cells. 
A) T cells. 
B) macrophages. 
C) B cells. 
D) mast cells.

Question 9

Adaptive immunity occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) death results from pathogen infection. 
B) the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body. 
C) virulent pathogen infections persist in the body after the initial innate defense response. 
D) the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body and virulent infections persist after the initial innate defense response. 
A) death results from pathogen infection. 
B) the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body. 
C) virulent pathogen infections persist in the body after the initial innate defense response. 
D) the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body and virulent infections persist after the initial innate defense response.

Question 10

Which of the following can cause allergy symptoms and inflammation by degranulation?

Accepted Answer

A) dendritic cells 
B) erythrocytes 
C) macrophage 
D) polymorphonuclear leukocyte 
A) dendritic cells 
B) erythrocytes 
C) macrophage 
D) polymorphonuclear leukocyte

Question 11

New vaccine strategies resulting from progress in biochemistry and molecular biology include the production of

Accepted Answer

A) DNA vaccines. 
B) recombinant vector vaccines. 
C) synthetic peptide vaccines. 
D) DNA,recombinant vector,and synthetic peptide vaccines. 
A) DNA vaccines. 
B) recombinant vector vaccines. 
C) synthetic peptide vaccines. 
D) DNA,recombinant vector,and synthetic peptide vaccines.

Question 12

IgG,IgM,and IgA are examples of ________ found in blood.

Accepted Answer

A) antibodies 
B) antigens 
C) bacteria 
D) pathogens 
A) antibodies 
B) antigens 
C) bacteria 
D) pathogens

Question 13

Men are 20 times more likely to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)than women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Assume you are the procurement manager of the medical charity "Doctors Without Borders" and there was an imminent infectious disease epidemic threat in a remote village in Africa.The epidemic can be prevented by vaccinating the population of interest.However,due to bad roads and lack of fast transportation services to reach the site of interest,which type of vaccine would you purchase for this job considering the length of time it would take to reach the affected site and why? A live attenuated virus or killed virus vaccines?

Accepted Answer

Since attenuated viruses are difficult t

Question 15

How does the body respond when it first encounters a foreign particle or bacterial pathogen?

Accepted Answer

The body has defensive cells called phag

Question 16

Anticoagulants promote the clotting of blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which is an example of acquisition of natural passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

A) a fetus protected from disease by its mother's antibodies 
B) a person who received his or her yearly influenza vaccine 
C) a person who acquired the chickenpox 
D) a person who received tetanus antiserum after stepping on a rusty nail 
A) a fetus protected from disease by its mother's antibodies 
B) a person who received his or her yearly influenza vaccine 
C) a person who acquired the chickenpox 
D) a person who received tetanus antiserum after stepping on a rusty nail

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about cytokines?

Accepted Answer

A) They are proteins. 
B) They play an important role in immunity. 
C) They play a role in the growth of stem cells. 
D) They are proteins that play an important role in immunity and the growth of stem cells. 
A) They are proteins. 
B) They play an important role in immunity. 
C) They play a role in the growth of stem cells. 
D) They are proteins that play an important role in immunity and the growth of stem cells.

Question 19

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

Accepted Answer

Both B cells and T cells are called lymp

Question 20

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it,propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

Accepted Answer

SLE is a systemic autoimmune disease tha

Exam 24: Immunity and Host Defense

An example of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)is

Which of the following diseases is/are associated with organ-specific autoimmune disease?

Are superantigen reactions beneficial or harmful to the host? What is different about a superantigen reaction compared to normal antigen-host cell interactions?

Superantigens activate more T cells than a normal immune response.

The cells active in both innate and adaptive immunity develop from common pluripotent precursors in the bone marrow called

An attenuated strain of a pathogen

An individual can receive injections of an antiserum or purified antibodies derived from an immune individual.

The first defense cells that interact with a pathogen in the body are

Adaptive immunity occurs when

Which of the following can cause allergy symptoms and inflammation by degranulation?

New vaccine strategies resulting from progress in biochemistry and molecular biology include the production of

IgG,IgM,and IgA are examples of ________ found in blood.

Men are 20 times more likely to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)than women.

How does the body respond when it first encounters a foreign particle or bacterial pathogen?

Anticoagulants promote the clotting of blood.

Which is an example of acquisition of natural passive immunity?

Which of the following is TRUE about cytokines?

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it,propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

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