Question 1

Which of the following cytokines acts to stimulate natural killer cells and induce naïve T cells to differentiate to TH1 cells?

Accepted Answer

A) IL-1β 
B) IL-6 
C) IL-12 
D) TNF-α 
A) IL-1β 
B) IL-6 
C) IL-12 
D) TNF-α

Question 2

Mannose on mammalian cells is inaccessible to mannose-binding lectin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Interaction of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)with a pattern recognition receptor (PRR)results in

Accepted Answer

A) formation of transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis. 
B) transmembrane signal transduction that initiates transcription of genes involved in phagocytosis,inflammation,and pathogen killing. 
C) molecular activation of the adaptive immune system. 
D) a superantigen reaction that can cause septic shock. 
A) formation of transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis. 
B) transmembrane signal transduction that initiates transcription of genes involved in phagocytosis,inflammation,and pathogen killing. 
C) molecular activation of the adaptive immune system. 
D) a superantigen reaction that can cause septic shock.

Question 4

When two allelic variants are expressed equally,they are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) exclusive. 
B) uncommitted. 
C) repressed. 
D) codominant. 
A) exclusive. 
B) uncommitted. 
C) repressed. 
D) codominant.

Question 5

________ ensures that each B cell produces only one immunoglobulin.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-activation 
B) Allelic exclusion 
C) MHC interaction 
D) Clonal deletion 
A) Self-activation 
B) Allelic exclusion 
C) MHC interaction 
D) Clonal deletion

Question 6

Class I MHC proteins have grooves with open ends.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following are soluble mediators and activators for T lymphocytes and B cells?

Accepted Answer

A) IL-2 
B) IL-4 
C) IL-5 
D) IL-2,IL-4,and IL-5 
A) IL-2 
B) IL-4 
C) IL-5 
D) IL-2,IL-4,and IL-5

Question 8

All proinflammatory cytokines EXCEPT ________ induce fever at the systemic level.

Accepted Answer

A) IL-4 
B) IL-12 
C) IL-6 
D) IL-17 
A) IL-4 
B) IL-12 
C) IL-6 
D) IL-17

Question 9

The main bonds present in the C domain of antigen-binding proteins are

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds. 
B) intrachain disulfide bonds. 
C) ionic bonds. 
D) van der Waals forces. 
A) hydrogen bonds. 
B) intrachain disulfide bonds. 
C) ionic bonds. 
D) van der Waals forces.

Question 10

An individual usually expresses ________ structurally distinct allele(s)that encode class I MHC proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) six 
A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) six

Question 11

The failure to develop tolerance may result in dangerous reactions to self-antigens,a condition called

Accepted Answer

A) type I hypersensitivity. 
B) immunotolerance. 
C) autoimmunity. 
D) immunodeficiency. 
A) type I hypersensitivity. 
B) immunotolerance. 
C) autoimmunity. 
D) immunodeficiency.

Question 12

The arrangement of Class II MHC proteins in pairs or trimers enhances their stability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following stimulate macrophage differentiation and activation?

Accepted Answer

A) granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor 
B) interferon gamma 
C) tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
D) granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor,interferon gamma,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
A) granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor 
B) interferon gamma 
C) tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
D) granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor,interferon gamma,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Question 14

Describe the signal transduction pathway that is activated when LPS binds to TLR-4.

Accepted Answer

After LPS binds to TLR-4,TLR-4 then bind

Question 15

TCRs associate with the adapter molecule

Accepted Answer

A) CD3. 
B) CD28. 
C) Igα. 
D) Igβ. 
A) CD3. 
B) CD28. 
C) Igα. 
D) Igβ.

Question 16

Communication between cells of the immune system is accomplished in many cases through

Accepted Answer

A) allelic exclusion. 
B) clonal deletion. 
C) cytokines. 
D) allelic exclusion,clonal deletion,and cytokines. 
A) allelic exclusion. 
B) clonal deletion. 
C) cytokines. 
D) allelic exclusion,clonal deletion,and cytokines.

Question 17

Which of the following is involved in B cell selection and tolerance?

Accepted Answer

A) clonal anergy 
B) clonal deletion 
C) clonal anergy and deletion 
D) allelic exclusion 
A) clonal anergy 
B) clonal deletion 
C) clonal anergy and deletion 
D) allelic exclusion

Question 18

The human leukocyte antigen spans about 4Mbp on human chromosome 6.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the effect of an antigen binding a membrane protein on adapter molecules?

Accepted Answer

Antigen binding by immunoglobulin or TCR

Question 20

The cytoplasmic domains of immunoglobulins and TCRs have cytoplasmic tyrosines that can be phosphorylated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 26: Molecular Immunology

Which of the following cytokines acts to stimulate natural killer cells and induce naïve T cells to differentiate to TH1 cells?

Mannose on mammalian cells is inaccessible to mannose-binding lectin.

Interaction of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)with a pattern recognition receptor (PRR)results in

When two allelic variants are expressed equally,they are said to be

________ ensures that each B cell produces only one immunoglobulin.

Class I MHC proteins have grooves with open ends.

Which of the following are soluble mediators and activators for T lymphocytes and B cells?

All proinflammatory cytokines EXCEPT ________ induce fever at the systemic level.

The main bonds present in the C domain of antigen-binding proteins are

An individual usually expresses ________ structurally distinct allele(s)that encode class I MHC proteins.

The failure to develop tolerance may result in dangerous reactions to self-antigens,a condition called

The arrangement of Class II MHC proteins in pairs or trimers enhances their stability.

Which of the following stimulate macrophage differentiation and activation?

Describe the signal transduction pathway that is activated when LPS binds to TLR-4.

TCRs associate with the adapter molecule

Communication between cells of the immune system is accomplished in many cases through

Which of the following is involved in B cell selection and tolerance?

The human leukocyte antigen spans about 4Mbp on human chromosome 6.

What is the effect of an antigen binding a membrane protein on adapter molecules?

The cytoplasmic domains of immunoglobulins and TCRs have cytoplasmic tyrosines that can be phosphorylated.

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