Exam 4: A--Sensation and Perception

Our eyes, ears, and other sensory organs are packed with ____________________, specialized cells that convert environmental energies into signals for the nervous system.

The auditory system responds differently to sounds that are low-frequency compared to sounds that are high-frequency.

In signal detection terms, reporting that a stimulus is present, when in fact the stimulus was not present, is known as a "false alarm."

The "pain" of feeling rejected is processed in the anterior cingulate cortex, the same brain area that responds to the emotional aspect of the cutaneous sensation of pain.

Although no human has ever traveled to other galaxies, based on our knowledge of color vision, psychologists predict that the universe is filled with new colors that are very different than the colors we happen to see on earth.

The experience of pain is a mixture of ____________________ and ____________________, and these qualities are regulated in different areas of the brain.

Some people report continuing sensations, including pain, in a limb long after it has been amputated. This phenomenon is known as ____________________.

Researchers have now established that there are seven primary qualities of odor, and there are seven corresponding types of olfactory receptors.

Men are more likely to suffer color vision deficiency than are women.

Imagine that a song has the phrase "buy me" recorded as a backward message. According to the research on subliminal perception, this message is likely to increase music sales for this particular song.

Briefly describe hyperopia and myopia and how these two common disorders of vision differ.

Humans have an approximately equal number of rods and cones.

Retinal disparity and convergence are both binocular cues of depth perception.

According to the Gestalt psychologists, visual perception is an active process, not just the summing of all the smaller pieces.

A participant is asked to report every time he or she sees a faint light. If rewards are offered for correctly reporting the presence of the light, but no punishment for reporting it when it is absent, the participant will make many ____________________ but also many ____________________.

As light passes through the eye it is focused by the ____________________, which always focuses light in the same way, and the ____________________, which is flexible and enables focusing on objects at different distances by varying its thickness.

The absolute sensory threshold for audition refers to the softest sound any human has ever accurately detected.

Within the retina, cones are adapted for ____________________ and rods are adapted for ____________________.

Gradual improvement in the ability to see in dim light is called _____________________.

The condition in which a stimulus of one type, such as sound, also elicits another experience, such as color is called ____________________.