Exam 1: A --What Is Psychology

How differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment is often refered as the ____________________ issue.

Contemporary psychologists have now resolved the old nature-nurture issue in favor of nature.

A biopsychologist (or behavioral neuroscientist) explains behavior in terms of biological factors, such as electrical and chemical activities in the nervous system, the effects of drugs and hormones, genetics, and evolutionary pressures.

Studying the effects that others' expectations have on a person's behavior is a question that is most likely to be studied by a social psychologist.

During the mid 1900s, many psychologists believed that they could discover the basic laws of behavior by studying the behavior of rats in mazes.

Cognitive psychologists emphasize how our thinking influences our ____________________.

Psychology concerns itself with the possible role of cultural influences on behavior.

Of the various types of psychological research described in your textbook--developmental psychology, learning and motivation, cognitive psychology, biological psychology, evolutionary psychology, social psychology, and cross-cultural psychology--select two types and describe how those psychologists might study learning processes?

A cognitive psychologist is interested in the processes of thinking and acquiring knowledge.

An ____________________ psychologist would be most interested in studying built-in behavior tendencies that serve adaptive functions?

One of early psychologists' main research topics was the relationship between physical stimuli and psychological sensations.

Psychology is defined as the systematic attempt to help worried, depressed, or otherwise troubled people.

A type of psychologist known as a ____________________, attempts to facilitate the operation of machinery so that ordinary people can use it efficiently and safely.

Sigmund Freud was the first psychologist.

A psychologist attempts to predict the behavior of her client, but she is wrong. This means that her client has free will.

Darwin's theory of evolution has never really had an influence in the field of psychology.

Freud's influence on clinical psychology is stronger today than ever before.

In 1879, ____________________ established the first research laboratory, thus creating the discipline of psychology.

Explain the difference between structuralism and functionalism.

The philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain is the ____________________ problem.