Exam 16: A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

____________________ antidepressant drugs act (in part) by increasing the number of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine molecules in the synapses.

Panic disorder is more commonly diagnosed in men than in women.

Cigarette smokers who switch to "low nicotine" brands tend to smoke ____________________ cigarettes than before and inhale ____________________ deeply.

Disulfiram, available under the trade name ____________________, is now sometimes used in the treatment of alcoholism, for which it is regarded as only moderately effective.

Schizophrenia has been found in all ethnic groups.

People diagnosed with schizophrenia typically have two or more personalities that alternate taking control of the body.

Women are about twice as likely to suffer depression as men. The explanation for this difference that currently has received the strongest research support has to do with the hormonal differences between the sexes.

Tom has auditory hallucinations in which he hears voices saying, "cut yourself and die." This is an example of a positive symptom of schizophrenia.

Someone who has periods of depression that alternate with periods of mania is said to have ____________________ condition. or

The widely misunderstood term schizophrenia is based on Greek roots meaning "split mind." To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, according to DSM-IV, someone must exhibit a deterioration of daily activities, including work, social relations, and self-care. He or she must also exhibit at least two additional symptoms out of a list of five possible types of symptoms. Name three of the five symptoms and describe the difference between positive and negative symptoms.

The ____________________, which are fl uid-fi lled cavities in the brain, are larger than normal in people with schizophrenia.

Alfred believes that his wife is trying to poison him so she can collect his life insurance. Alfred is experiencing a delusion of persecution.

People with ____________________ are almost constantly plagued by exaggerated worries. or

The process of addiction changes the organization of several brain areas, including areas involved in motivation and attention.

Rachel and Rhonda are identical twins, and they have each just broken off relationships with their boyfriends. Rachel feels guilty and sad about ending her relationship; Rhonda feels ending her relationship is probably a good decision. According to the research, Rachel and Rhonda are equally likely to develop depression following this same, negative life event.

_____________________ is a fear of open or public places.

On the average, antidepressant medications are more effective than the known types of psychotherapy in treating depression.

People who find it difficult or impossible to quit a self-destructive habit are said to have a ____________________ on it or an ____________________ to it.

Avoidance learning offers one good explanation for why phobias are not ordinarily extinguished without treatment.

_____________________ is a fear of open or public places.