Question 1

What is the main difference between germ-line gene therapy and somatic gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A) Only germ-line gene therapy will have results limited to the current generation. 
B) Only somatic gene therapy can result in the modified genes being passed to the next generation. 
C) Only germ-line gene therapy results in altered gametes. 
D) Only the germ-line cells are altered in somatic gene therapy. 
A) Only germ-line gene therapy will have results limited to the current generation. 
B) Only somatic gene therapy can result in the modified genes being passed to the next generation. 
C) Only germ-line gene therapy results in altered gametes. 
D) Only the germ-line cells are altered in somatic gene therapy.

Question 2

Suppose that you have cloned a genomic library and know that the bacteria have foreign DNA fragments inserted into the cloning vector. Also suppose that you need to identify the specific bacteria that have the gene coding for protein X. How can these bacteria be located?

Accepted Answer

A) by restriction endonuclease treatment of DNA from some of the bacterial colonies 
B) by DNA hybridization of the different colonies 
C) by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the bacterial colonies 
D) by PCR of the same bacterial mixture that was spread on agarose plates 
A) by restriction endonuclease treatment of DNA from some of the bacterial colonies 
B) by DNA hybridization of the different colonies 
C) by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the bacterial colonies 
D) by PCR of the same bacterial mixture that was spread on agarose plates

Question 3

Match each term with its definition.
-recombinant DNA

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 4

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-You would use this method to determine the presence or absence of a particular 20 bp nucleotide pattern in a noncoding region of a genome.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR 
A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR

Question 5

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-You could use this technique to see if a DNA sequence is present in an individual's genome without having to use Sanger sequencing.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR 
A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR

Question 6

How long is the DNA sequence that is recognized by restriction endonucleases?

Accepted Answer

A) generally 1 to 2 nucleotides 
B) generally 4 to 8 nucleotides 
C) generally 10 to 15 nucleotides 
D) generally 24 to 32 nucleotides 
A) generally 1 to 2 nucleotides 
B) generally 4 to 8 nucleotides 
C) generally 10 to 15 nucleotides 
D) generally 24 to 32 nucleotides

Question 7

Make an argument for which molecular biology technique discussed in this chapter is the single most important technique for forensic scientists and justify your answer with the benefits of this method compared to the others that are available to you.

Accepted Answer

In forensic science, sample sizes are ve

Question 8

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-This technique is used to amplify specific sequences of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR 
A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR

Question 9

Match each term with its definition.
-Southern blot

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 10

Match each term with its definition.
-proteomics

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 11

Match each term with its definition.
-genomic library

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 12

Which sequence presents the three stages of a PCR in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A) annealing   extension   denaturation 
B) extension   denaturation   annealing 
C) denaturation   annealing   extension 
D) denaturation   extension   annealing 
A) annealing   extension   denaturation 
B) extension   denaturation   annealing 
C) denaturation   annealing   extension 
D) denaturation   extension   annealing

Question 13

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-You would use this method to mass-produce a gene in a bacterial cell that does not normally have this gene.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR 
A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR

Question 14

Match each term with its definition.
-PCR

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 15

Match the names of the processes with the descriptions.
-This is the technique that would be used by a forensic scientist trying to determine if a suspect is the actual rapist.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA fingerprinting 
B) transgenics 
C) DNA cloning 
D) biotechnology 
E) proteomics 
A) DNA fingerprinting 
B) transgenics 
C) DNA cloning 
D) biotechnology 
E) proteomics

Question 16

How many sources of DNA sequences are commonly used in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 17

Which of the following is like a set of clones that collectively contains a copy of every DNA sequence in a genome?

Accepted Answer

A) restriction enzyme library 
B) cloning vector 
C) genomic DNA library 
D) cDNA library 
A) restriction enzyme library 
B) cloning vector 
C) genomic DNA library 
D) cDNA library

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the purpose of creating transgenic mice?

Accepted Answer

A) to study genetic changes in context 
B) to produce proteins 
C) to clone mice 
D) to create antibiotic-resistant mice 
A) to study genetic changes in context 
B) to produce proteins 
C) to clone mice 
D) to create antibiotic-resistant mice

Question 19

What is a benefit of introducing new genes into a plant?

Accepted Answer

A) The plant's growth rate reduces. 
B) The plant's genes mutate faster. 
C) The plant's nutritional value to primary consumers improves. 
D) The plant's reliance on photosynthesis reduces. 
A) The plant's growth rate reduces. 
B) The plant's genes mutate faster. 
C) The plant's nutritional value to primary consumers improves. 
D) The plant's reliance on photosynthesis reduces.

Question 20

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated.
-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein

Exam 15: Dna Technologies

What is the main difference between germ-line gene therapy and somatic gene therapy?

Suppose that you have cloned a genomic library and know that the bacteria have foreign DNA fragments inserted into the cloning vector. Also suppose that you need to identify the specific bacteria that have the gene coding for protein X. How can these bacteria be located?

Match each term with its definition. -recombinant DNA

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -You would use this method to determine the presence or absence of a particular 20 bp nucleotide pattern in a noncoding region of a genome.

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -You could use this technique to see if a DNA sequence is present in an individual's genome without having to use Sanger sequencing.

How long is the DNA sequence that is recognized by restriction endonucleases?

Make an argument for which molecular biology technique discussed in this chapter is the single most important technique for forensic scientists and justify your answer with the benefits of this method compared to the others that are available to you.

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -This technique is used to amplify specific sequences of DNA.

Match each term with its definition. -Southern blot

Match each term with its definition. -proteomics

Match each term with its definition. -genomic library

Which sequence presents the three stages of a PCR in the correct order?

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -You would use this method to mass-produce a gene in a bacterial cell that does not normally have this gene.

Match each term with its definition. -PCR

Match the names of the processes with the descriptions. -This is the technique that would be used by a forensic scientist trying to determine if a suspect is the actual rapist.

How many sources of DNA sequences are commonly used in biotechnology?

Which of the following is like a set of clones that collectively contains a copy of every DNA sequence in a genome?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of creating transgenic mice?

What is a benefit of introducing new genes into a plant?

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated. -polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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