Exam 17: Intelligence Testing and Psychological Perspectives

Damasio (1994) studied the case of Elliot, a man who lost the ability to experience _____ after brain surgery to remove a tumor in his frontal lobes. The surgery most likely disrupted the communication between the frontal cortex and the _____.

Sir Frederic Bartlett's observation that people often remember what should have happened or what ought to have happened instead of what actually happened is consistent with the writings of which philosopher of science?

A bell has been paired with food a sufficient number of times such that now it elicits salivation in a dog. In subsequent trials, the bell sounds but is not followed by food. Eventually the dog will stop salivating to the sound of the bell. This illustrates _____ and has clinical implications for _____.

The stage of Erickson's psychosocial development corresponding to the crisis of identity versus role confusion most closely corresponds to Freud's _____ stage of psychosexual development.

Scientists use _____ when they generate hypotheses.

Chomsky's postulation of a language acquisition device is most consistent with the _____ position of _____.

Someone with a prevention focus probably will:

It is during Piaget's _____ stage of cognitive development that Freud postulated the _____ stage of psychosexual development.

Stimulant drugs are most commonly prescribed for:

Using introspection to measure the basic elements of _____ was a goal of the _____ school of psychology.

Which of these is NOT generally regarded as a reliable and valid measure?

Which of these is an invalid use of the deviation IQ to measure intelligence differences?

Leslie has been in weekly therapy for six months but doesn't feel that her therapist is providing useful techniques to deal with her anxiety. When she voices this concern, the therapist first reminds her that the goal of therapy is to gain insight into the underlying causes of her anxiety and then proceeds to analyze this resistance. After the session, Leslie considers discontinuing therapy but decides to continue because she already has a good deal of time and money invested in it. Leslie's therapy is _____ and her decision making reflects _____.

Which findings on research conducted in the United States would have the LEAST external validity?

The areas of the cortex involved in the perception of pitch and speech _____ are located in the _____ lobe.

B. F. Skinner would agree with all of these tenets of cognitive behavior therapy EXCEPT that it:

One measure commonly used in _____ testing is the digit span task. Here, participants must repeat sequences of digits either forward or backward. This task measures the effectiveness of _____ memory and research suggests that the sequences probably do not need to be longer than about _____ digits.

Prospect theory makes the prediction that people display higher _____ motivation when evaluating two potential gains than when evaluating two potential losses.

Research has indicated that there is a _____ between the size of a mob and the level of atrocity inflicted on victims.

A behaviorist arranges a choice situation in which a rat is exposed to two levers. For every 100 times the rat presses the right lever, it receives seven food pellets. For every 20 times the rat presses the left lever, it receives one food pellet. Both levers produce food on a _____ ratio schedule of reinforcement and rational choice theory predicts preference for the _____ lever.