Exam 6: Section 2: Memory

In a classic memory study by Peterson and Peterson (1959), participants were given consonant strings to remember-such as DBX and HLM-and then were instructed to count backward from 100 by 3. After a variable amount of time, the participants were asked to recall the consonant strings. Asking participants to count backward effectively prevents:

Memories are:

Jason looked up a telephone number on his desktop computer but his cell phone is in another room. The easiest and perhaps most effective technique he can use to remember the number until he can get to his phone is:

The ability to store and retrieve information over time is called:

Jerry is asked to think of a word that rhymes with "motor." Jimmy is asked to think about how a motor works. The next day, both men are asked, "Hey, what was the word that you heard yesterday that rhymes with 'voter'?" _____ will be more likely to recall "motor" because _____.

You look up a friend's address for the envelope of a letter you're writing. Suddenly, the phone rings. You abandon your address research to answer the phone, but it is a wrong number. When you get back to write down the address, you have forgotten it because _____ memory has failed you.

Professor Slate develops a drug that can erase specific memories of traumatic experiences. When should this drug be administered?

Scuba divers who memorized a list of words on a boat will subsequently remembered more of those words when tested:

Jessica Li held up three rows of four letters on a poster board to her high school class for a fraction of a second. She then removed it and immediately asked the class to name the 12 letters they had just been shown. Based on previous research, about how many letters would you expect individual students to recall?

The hippocampus is necessary for episodic memory but not for acquiring new _____ memories.

The exaggeration of change between the past and present to make us look good in retrospect is:

A participant is shown 100 pictures. Sometime later, she is shown pictures in an fMRI scanner and asked if they were part of the original set or not. Which area of the brain would be LEAST active during this task?

A memory acquired in one situation is more likely to be used in situations with similar encoding and retrieval cues, a phenomenon known as:

Even though Carrie was only 5 years old when her grandmother died, she still clearly remembers exactly where she was and what she was doing when her parents told her the devastating news, an example of a(n) _____ memory.

Faced with a tough decision regarding whether or not to end a long-term relationship, Naomi relies on her _____ memory to imagine the different outcomes associated with staying with or leaving her partner.

Research by Hermann Ebbinghaus and others demonstrated that:

Kelly is at a local bar having a drink. A young man starts flirting with her and approaches her. Kelly decides to tell him her number. He repeats the series of digits in his head over and over again until he has a chance to write it down. This process is known as:

_____ is the process of maintaining information in memory over time.

Divided attention is to _____ as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is to _____.