Question 1

Elongation of the DNA strand proceeds in the __________________ direction.

Accepted Answer

5` → 3`

Question 2

DNA clamps:

Accepted Answer

A)  are composed of β2 subunits. 
B)  form a ring around the front of the fork of DNA. 
C)  allow the polymerase to move along the DNA molecule without falling off. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  are composed of β2 subunits. 
B)  form a ring around the front of the fork of DNA. 
C)  allow the polymerase to move along the DNA molecule without falling off. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. D

Question 3

How is the processivity of DNA polymerase III accomplished?

Accepted Answer

The structure of the enzyme complex allows the reaction processivity. The enzyme is a large complex that forms a ring around the DNA polymer. A specific subunit leaves enough space for the newly assembled DNA to be formed properly, and acts as a sliding DNA clamp.

Question 4

The term processivity:

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates the error rate for a polymerase. 
B)  is the deletion of one or more bases in the DNA. 
C)  is specifically the speed of replication. 
D)  is the ability to catalyze many reactions without releasing substrate. 
E)  A, B, and C. 
A)  indicates the error rate for a polymerase. 
B)  is the deletion of one or more bases in the DNA. 
C)  is specifically the speed of replication. 
D)  is the ability to catalyze many reactions without releasing substrate. 
E)  A, B, and C.

Question 5

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-DNA can serve as a(n) _______________ to direct synthesis of the complementary strand of DNA or RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki 
A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki

Question 6

How are single-stranded regions of DNA maintained?

Accepted Answer

Single-stranded bind

Question 7

Why are enzymes, other than DNA polymerase, required for replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA is an extremely stable molecule with

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The strands of DNA must be relaxed or unwound for replication by _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki 
A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki

Question 9

The free end of the eukaryotic chromosome is thought to form a unique DNA structure that allows for complete replication. This structure involves a G-rich repeating sequence and forms a:

Accepted Answer

A)  replication fork. 
B)  large duplex loop. 
C)  supercoiled loop. 
D)  displacement loop 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  replication fork. 
B)  large duplex loop. 
C)  supercoiled loop. 
D)  displacement loop 
E)  None of the above.

Question 10

What function does helicase perform during replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stabilizes the negative charge of the transition state. 
B)  It utilizes ATP to power strand separation. 
C)  It adds negative supercoils to DNA. 
D)  A and C. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  It stabilizes the negative charge of the transition state. 
B)  It utilizes ATP to power strand separation. 
C)  It adds negative supercoils to DNA. 
D)  A and C. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 11

Why is DNA gyrase the target for several different antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

DNA gyrase is the name given to Type II

Question 12

During DNA replication, the RNA primer pieces are removed by __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During DNA replication, the RNA primer pieces...

Question 13

Proofreading by DNA polymerase increases accuracy by a factor of _________________ times.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proofreading by DNA polymerase increases accuracy by...

Question 14

The dimeric β2 subunit of DNA polymerase III acts as a(n) __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The dimeric β2 subunit of DNA polymerase...

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The _______________ describes the lengthening of the loop formed by the lagging strand during replication.

Accepted Answer

A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki 
A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The type of topoisomerase that does not require ATP is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki 
A) helicases 
B) Type I 
C) Type II 
D) G-rich strand 
E) telomeres
F)topoisomerases
G)DNA polymerase
H)A-DNA
I)trombone-slide model
J)template
K)Holliday
L)Okazaki

Question 17

What is true about E. coli DNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are five structural classes. 
B)  All have finger and thumb domains that wrap around the DNA. 
C)  All catalyze the same reaction, which requires metal cofactors. 
D)  B and C. 
E)  A, B, and C. 
A)  There are five structural classes. 
B)  All have finger and thumb domains that wrap around the DNA. 
C)  All catalyze the same reaction, which requires metal cofactors. 
D)  B and C. 
E)  A, B, and C.

Question 18

In E. coli, dnaA protein binds to the __________________.

Accepted Answer

origin of

Question 19

Type ________________ topoisomerase introduces negative supercoils in DNA, while type ________________ topoisomerase relaxes supercoil structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Type ________________ topoisomerase introduces negative supercoils in...

Question 20

Write the chemical reaction for the addition of the dNTP to a DNA strand at the 3` end.

Accepted Answer

The answer should indicate cle

Exam 34: DNA Replication

Elongation of the DNA strand proceeds in the __________________ direction.

DNA clamps:

How is the processivity of DNA polymerase III accomplished?

The term processivity:

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -DNA can serve as a(n) _______________ to direct synthesis of the complementary strand of DNA or RNA.

How are single-stranded regions of DNA maintained?

Why are enzymes, other than DNA polymerase, required for replication?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The strands of DNA must be relaxed or unwound for replication by _______________.

The free end of the eukaryotic chromosome is thought to form a unique DNA structure that allows for complete replication. This structure involves a G-rich repeating sequence and forms a:

What function does helicase perform during replication?

Why is DNA gyrase the target for several different antibiotics?

During DNA replication, the RNA primer pieces are removed by __________________.

Proofreading by DNA polymerase increases accuracy by a factor of _________________ times.

The dimeric β2 subunit of DNA polymerase III acts as a(n) __________________.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The _______________ describes the lengthening of the loop formed by the lagging strand during replication.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The type of topoisomerase that does not require ATP is _______________.

What is true about E. coli DNA polymerases?

In E. coli, dnaA protein binds to the __________________.

Type ________________ topoisomerase introduces negative supercoils in DNA, while type ________________ topoisomerase relaxes supercoil structures.

Write the chemical reaction for the addition of the dNTP to a DNA strand at the 3` end.

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Filters

Type topoisomerase introduces negative supercoils in DNA, while type topoisomerase relaxes supercoil structures.