Question 1

If many compounds are common to both anabolic and catabolic paths, how can metabolism be controlled?

Accepted Answer

The enzymes and their activities can be controlled by the energy charge in the cell. The biosynthetic and catabolic paths are different from each other and may even be located in different compartments in the cell. Thus the two opposing processes can be controlled independently.

Question 2

Some of the mechanisms by which enzyme catalytic activity is controlled are:

Accepted Answer

A)  allosteric control. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  covalent modification. 
D)  A and C. 
E)  A, B, and C. 
A)  allosteric control. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  covalent modification. 
D)  A and C. 
E)  A, B, and C. E

Question 3

Which activated carrier(s) contain(s) adenosine phosphate units?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  FADH2 
C)  coenzyme A 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B, and C 
A)  NADH 
B)  FADH2 
C)  coenzyme A 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B, and C E

Question 4

Why are fats a more efficient fuel source than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

When any fuel molecule is oxidized, the

Question 5

A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven by a thermodynamically favorable reaction to which it is _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven...

Question 6

Which of the following is the electron donor used for reductive biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  FADH2 
D)  CoA-SH 
E)  ATP 
A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  FADH2 
D)  CoA-SH 
E)  ATP

Question 7

What is the relationship between the energy charge of a cell and control of the ATP-generating pathway?

Accepted Answer

When the energy char

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________ are organisms that use energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD 
A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD

Question 9

The reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide is:

Accepted Answer

A)  FADH. 
B)  FAD. 
C)  FADH++. 
D)  FADH2. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  FADH. 
B)  FAD. 
C)  FADH++. 
D)  FADH2. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 10

What is an activated carrier? Provide two examples.

Accepted Answer

Activated carriers are molecules that ar

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD 
A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD

Question 12

Explain how a metabolic pathway can contain an energetically unfavorable reaction yet still occur.

Accepted Answer

The free-energy changes of the individua

Question 13

How are metabolic processes unified? How can you use this to help learn and understand biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

Common molecules and mechanisms are evid

Question 14

How is metabolism controlled?

Accepted Answer

The amounts of enzymes and the

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: This compound serves as an acyl carrier in metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD 
A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD

Question 16

ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a _________________ energy charge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a...

Question 17

The reaction pathways that transform fuels into cellular energy are:

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic. 
B)  catabolic. 
C)  ametabolic. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  anabolic. 
B)  catabolic. 
C)  ametabolic. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________ pathways can be either anabolic or catabolic, depending on the energy conditions of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD 
A) O2 
B) niacin 
C) phototrophs 
D) ATP 
E) CO2
F)coenzyme A
G)vitamins
H)amphibolic
I)ADP
J)NADPH
K)chemotrophs
L)FAD

Question 19

List five activated carriers in metabolism, and give the vitamins that are the precursors of these carriers.

Accepted Answer

Activated carrier Vitamin
NADH

Question 20

Which energy source is used to regenerate ATP from ADP and Pi?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of carbon to CO2 
B)  electrochemical potential of stored glycogen 
C)  reduction of pyruvate to lactate 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  oxidation of carbon to CO2 
B)  electrochemical potential of stored glycogen 
C)  reduction of pyruvate to lactate 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Exam 15: Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

If many compounds are common to both anabolic and catabolic paths, how can metabolism be controlled?

Some of the mechanisms by which enzyme catalytic activity is controlled are:

Which activated carrier(s) contain(s) adenosine phosphate units?

Why are fats a more efficient fuel source than carbohydrates?

A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven by a thermodynamically favorable reaction to which it is _________________.

Which of the following is the electron donor used for reductive biosynthesis?

What is the relationship between the energy charge of a cell and control of the ATP-generating pathway?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are organisms that use energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy.

The reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide is:

What is an activated carrier? Provide two examples.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is ____________.

Explain how a metabolic pathway can contain an energetically unfavorable reaction yet still occur.

How are metabolic processes unified? How can you use this to help learn and understand biochemistry?

How is metabolism controlled?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: This compound serves as an acyl carrier in metabolism.

ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a _________________ energy charge.

The reaction pathways that transform fuels into cellular energy are:

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ pathways can be either anabolic or catabolic, depending on the energy conditions of the cell.

List five activated carriers in metabolism, and give the vitamins that are the precursors of these carriers.

Which energy source is used to regenerate ATP from ADP and Pi?

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Filters