Question 1

Give examples of key functional groups found in biochemistry.

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic, hydroxyl, aldehyde, keto, carboxyl, amino, phosphoryl, sulfhydryl

Question 2

What are the primary chemical components present in a phosphate buffer at pH 7.4?

Accepted Answer

A)  H3PO4 and PO4−3 
B)  H2PO4− and PO4−3 
C)  HPO4-2 and PO4-3 
D)  H2PO4− and HPO4−2 
E)  H3PO4 and HPO4−2 
A)  H3PO4 and PO4−3 
B)  H2PO4− and PO4−3 
C)  HPO4-2 and PO4-3 
D)  H2PO4− and HPO4−2 
E)  H3PO4 and HPO4−2 D

Question 3

If noncovalent bonds are so much weaker than covalent bonds, how do they stabilize large biochemical structures?

Accepted Answer

There is stability in numbers.

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Electrostatic interactions between atoms with opposite electrical charges are also called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative 
A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative

Question 5

How do hydrophobic interactions aid in membrane formation?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic interaction causes

Question 6

Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for the ions found in cells?

Accepted Answer

The force which attracts two oppositely

Question 7

Typical van der Waals energies are about:

Accepted Answer

A)  4-20 kJ/mol. 
B)  2-4 kJ/mol. 
C)  200 kJ/mol . 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  4-20 kJ/mol. 
B)  2-4 kJ/mol. 
C)  200 kJ/mol . 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 8

What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

It is the attractive force of

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Thermodynamic force that drives hydrophobic interactions.

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative 
A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative

Question 10

Molecules that are readily soluble in water are considered ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules that are readily soluble in water...

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy as a protein folds?

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative 
A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative

Question 12

Buffers are critical in maintaining proper ____________ levels in biological systems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Buffers are critical in maintaining proper ____________...

Question 13

How is water able to be a solvent for so many biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Many biological molecules have polar cha

Question 14

What is the [A−]/[HA] ratio when the weak acid is in a solution one pH unit above its pKa?

Accepted Answer

A)  1:1 
B)  1:10 
C)  10:1 
D)  2:1 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  1:1 
B)  1:10 
C)  10:1 
D)  2:1 
E)  None of the above.

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The distance when two atoms no longer repulse each other yet have the strongest attraction is known as the____________ radii or contact distance.

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative 
A) ionic bonds or salt bridges 
B) Brownian motion 
C) hydrophobic 
D) hydrogen 
E) polar
F)nonpolar
G)van der Waals
H)entropy
I)zwitterion
J)amphipathic
K)positive
L)dielectric constant
M)negative

Question 16

The force that is quantified by Coulomb's law is called the ____________.

Accepted Answer

ionic or e

Question 17

What pairs of atoms in bases are involved in hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  N-H and O-H 
B)  N-H and S-H 
C)  O-H and P-O 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  N-H and O-H 
B)  N-H and S-H 
C)  O-H and P-O 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

What happens to nonpolar molecules in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  They dissolve independently. 
B)  They aggregate together. 
C)  They precipitate. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  They dissolve independently. 
B)  They aggregate together. 
C)  They precipitate. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

Hydrophobic molecules are driven together by ____________, not because they have an affinity for each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hydrophobic molecules are driven together by ____________,...

Question 20

What thermodynamic and free-energy changes participate in protein folding?

Accepted Answer

A combination of hydrogen bond

Exam 2: Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Give examples of key functional groups found in biochemistry.

What are the primary chemical components present in a phosphate buffer at pH 7.4?

If noncovalent bonds are so much weaker than covalent bonds, how do they stabilize large biochemical structures?

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Electrostatic interactions between atoms with opposite electrical charges are also called ____________.

How do hydrophobic interactions aid in membrane formation?

Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for the ions found in cells?

Typical van der Waals energies are about:

What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: Thermodynamic force that drives hydrophobic interactions.

Molecules that are readily soluble in water are considered ____________.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy as a protein folds?

Buffers are critical in maintaining proper ____________ levels in biological systems.

How is water able to be a solvent for so many biological molecules?

What is the [A−]/[HA] ratio when the weak acid is in a solution one pH unit above its pKa?

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The distance when two atoms no longer repulse each other yet have the strongest attraction is known as the____________ radii or contact distance.

The force that is quantified by Coulomb's law is called the ____________.

What pairs of atoms in bases are involved in hydrogen bonds?

What happens to nonpolar molecules in water?

Hydrophobic molecules are driven together by ____________, not because they have an affinity for each other.

What thermodynamic and free-energy changes participate in protein folding?

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Filters