Question 1

What are the two systems for naming the positions of the double bonds? Provide examples.

Accepted Answer

Two systems are used. One system refers to the double bond relative to the last, or omega (w), carbon. (An example would be w-3 fatty acids.) The other system uses notation that indicates the position of the double bond relative to the carboxyl carbon, and indicates if the bond is cis or trans. (An example would be cis-∆9.)

Question 2

One important ________________ is EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), which is found in shellfish.

Accepted Answer

ω-3 fatty acid

Question 3

Membranes lipids are primarily comprised of:

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids. 
B)  glycolipids. 
C)  cholesterol. 
D)  A and B. 
E)  A, B, and C. 
A)  phospholipids. 
B)  glycolipids. 
C)  cholesterol. 
D)  A and B. 
E)  A, B, and C. D

Question 4

Why might a protein be covalently attached to a lipid?

Accepted Answer

By attaching to a lipid, the protein is

Question 5

Draw and label a typical phospholipid.

Accepted Answer

The phospholipid drawn should resemble F

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________ is a flat polycylic molecule that is absent in prokaryotic membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine 
A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine

Question 7

Based on your knowledge of lipids, explain why some fats from plants are oils (liquid at room temperature) and animal fats are solid at room temperature.

Accepted Answer

Knowing that the longer the fatty acid c

Question 8

Polar head groups of phospholipids are esterified to what functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  methyl 
B)  phosphate 
C)  ketone 
D)  thiol 
E)  aldehyde 
A)  methyl 
B)  phosphate 
C)  ketone 
D)  thiol 
E)  aldehyde

Question 9

Which of the following is not correct concerning the structure given?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a component of biological membranes. 
B)  It is amphipathic. 
C)  It is a sphingolipid. 
D)  It is a phosphoglyceride. 
E)  It is phosphatidyl choline. 
A)  It is a component of biological membranes. 
B)  It is amphipathic. 
C)  It is a sphingolipid. 
D)  It is a phosphoglyceride. 
E)  It is phosphatidyl choline.

Question 10

Steroid hormones come from what lipid?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is the m

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-In addition to phospholipids and glycolipids, ____________ is a major type of membrane lipid.

Accepted Answer

A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine 
A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine

Question 12

An w-3 fatty acid:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a methyl group at the carboxyl end of the fatty acid. 
B)  has a methyl group on the third carbon of the chain. 
C)  has a double bond on the third carbon in from the carboxyl group. 
D)  has a triple bond on the third carbon from the methyl end of the fatty acid. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  has a methyl group at the carboxyl end of the fatty acid. 
B)  has a methyl group on the third carbon of the chain. 
C)  has a double bond on the third carbon in from the carboxyl group. 
D)  has a triple bond on the third carbon from the methyl end of the fatty acid. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 13

In phosphoglycerides, the fatty acids are linked to the glycerol backbone by the ________________ linkages.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In phosphoglycerides, the fatty acids are linked...

Question 14

The longer the fatty acid, the ____________ the fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  more oxidized 
B)  lower the melting point of 
C)  higher the melting point of 
D)  more reduced 
E)  more double-bond containing 
A)  more oxidized 
B)  lower the melting point of 
C)  higher the melting point of 
D)  more reduced 
E)  more double-bond containing

Question 15

Palmitate has how many carbons in its chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  14 
C)  16 
D)  20 
E)  24 
A)  12 
B)  14 
C)  16 
D)  20 
E)  24

Question 16

Which phospholipid is enriched in neural sheath membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidic acid 
B)  phosphatidylcholine 
C)  sphingomyelin 
D)  diphophatidylglycerol (cardiolipin) 
E)  phosphatidylinositol 
A)  phosphatidic acid 
B)  phosphatidylcholine 
C)  sphingomyelin 
D)  diphophatidylglycerol (cardiolipin) 
E)  phosphatidylinositol

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The number of carbons in most common fatty acid is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine 
A) ether-linked lipid 
B) triacylglycerol 
C) sterol 
D) amphipathic 
E) 16 or 18
F)organic solvent
G)cholesterol
H)cystein
I)phospholipid
J)prokaryotes
K)glycolipid
L)20 or 24
M)spingosine
N)serine

Question 18

Eating ____________ increases the w-3 fatty acids, decreasing ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  arachidonic acid, heart attacks 
B)  a low-fat diet, heart attacks 
C)  fatty fish, heart attacks 
D)  shellfish, lung cancer 
E)  vegetable oils, blood pressure 
A)  arachidonic acid, heart attacks 
B)  a low-fat diet, heart attacks 
C)  fatty fish, heart attacks 
D)  shellfish, lung cancer 
E)  vegetable oils, blood pressure

Question 19

The reduction in tight packing due to cis double bonds ________________ the melting temperature of a fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reduction in tight packing due to...

Question 20

___________________ is a sugar-containing lipid which contains a single carbohydrate moiety.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________________ is a sugar-containing lipid which contains...

Exam 11: Lipids

What are the two systems for naming the positions of the double bonds? Provide examples.

One important ________________ is EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), which is found in shellfish.

Membranes lipids are primarily comprised of:

Why might a protein be covalently attached to a lipid?

Draw and label a typical phospholipid.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ is a flat polycylic molecule that is absent in prokaryotic membranes.

Based on your knowledge of lipids, explain why some fats from plants are oils (liquid at room temperature) and animal fats are solid at room temperature.

Polar head groups of phospholipids are esterified to what functional group?

Which of the following is not correct concerning the structure given?

Steroid hormones come from what lipid?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -In addition to phospholipids and glycolipids, ____________ is a major type of membrane lipid.

An w-3 fatty acid:

In phosphoglycerides, the fatty acids are linked to the glycerol backbone by the ________________ linkages.

The longer the fatty acid, the ____________ the fatty acid.

Palmitate has how many carbons in its chain?

Which phospholipid is enriched in neural sheath membranes?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The number of carbons in most common fatty acid is ____________.

Eating ____________ increases the w-3 fatty acids, decreasing ____________.

The reduction in tight packing due to cis double bonds ________________ the melting temperature of a fatty acid.

___________________ is a sugar-containing lipid which contains a single carbohydrate moiety.

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Filters

Eating increases the w-3 fatty acids, decreasing .