Question 1

Which of the following is an allosteric activator of mammalian carbamoyl phosphate synthetase?

Accepted Answer

A)  α-ketoglutarate 
B)  N-acetylaspartate 
C)  N-acetylglutamate 
D)  glutamine 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  α-ketoglutarate 
B)  N-acetylaspartate 
C)  N-acetylglutamate 
D)  glutamine 
E)  None of the above. C

Question 2

What type of damage occurs if there is a defect in the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A defect in this cycle causes hyperammonemia (large amount of NH4+). Genetic defects become obvious immediately. After lethargy and vomiting begins, coma and brain damage follow, most likely caused by the high levels of glutamate and glutamine in the brain.

Question 3

Uricotelic organisms release nitrogen as:

Accepted Answer

A)  NH4+. 
B)  arginine. 
C)  uric acid. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  NH4+. 
B)  arginine. 
C)  uric acid. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. C

Question 4

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The product _______________ results when aspartate is transaminated with ɑ-ketoglutarate.

Accepted Answer

A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder 
A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder

Question 5

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The ______________ enzymes transfer an ɑ-amino group from amino acids to ɑ-ketoglutarate.

Accepted Answer

A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder 
A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder

Question 6

The genetic deficiency of the enzyme ___________________ results in a condition referred to as phenylketonuria.

Accepted Answer

phenylalan

Question 7

In the degradation of amino acids, the amino nitrogens can eventually become the amino group of ___________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the degradation of amino acids, the...

Question 8

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Serine and threonine are deaminated by the enzyme _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder 
A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder

Question 9

Write the net equation of the urea cycle and indicate whether energy is produced or consumed by the cycle.

Accepted Answer

CO2 + NH4+ + 3 ATP + Asp + 2 H

Question 10

What is the basic strategy by which proteins are degraded?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are degraded to amino acids and

Question 11

Why do you think that weight lifters take large amounts of branched-chain amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Branch chain amino acids are c

Question 12

Which amino acids can be converted to pyruvate by a single enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

Alanine can be converted to py

Question 13

The hydrolysis of arginine by arginase produces ornithine and ___________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hydrolysis of arginine by arginase produces...

Question 14

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The methyl group donor _______________ is the product of the first step of methionine degradation.

Accepted Answer

A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder 
A) hyperammonemia 
B) aminotransferases 
C) methionine 
D) S-adenosylmethionine 
E) glutamate dehydrogenase
F)oxaloacetate
G)biopterin
H)glutamate
I)hippurate
J)urea
K)dehydratase
L)dioxygenases
M)ammonia disorder

Question 15

In the first step of the urea cycle, CO2 and NH4+ are converted into ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Question 16

In the urea cycle, the second nitrogen of urea enters the cycle in the form of which of the following metabolites?

Accepted Answer

A)  alanine 
B)  glutamine 
C)  ornithine 
D)  aspartate 
E)  arginine 
A)  alanine 
B)  glutamine 
C)  ornithine 
D)  aspartate 
E)  arginine

Question 17

In addition to increased fatty acid accumulation in the liver, excess consumption of ethanol can also induce two further stages of liver damage. What are they?

Accepted Answer

The second stage is alcoholic

Question 18

Which amino acids can be directly deaminated to produce NH4+?

Accepted Answer

A)  serine and threonine 
B)  serine, asparagine, and threonine 
C)  proline and threonine 
D)  serine and valine 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  serine and threonine 
B)  serine, asparagine, and threonine 
C)  proline and threonine 
D)  serine and valine 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

What is the cause of PKU? Give the structure of the abnormal metabolite that accumulates from which this condition gets its name.

Accepted Answer

PKU is the abbreviation for phenylketonu

Question 20

Which amino acids supply carbons for eventual entry into metabolism as succinyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Methionine, Valine, Leucine 
B)  Methionine, Isoleucine, Valine 
C)  Isoleucine, Valine, Leucine 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Methionine, Valine, Leucine 
B)  Methionine, Isoleucine, Valine 
C)  Isoleucine, Valine, Leucine 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Exam 30: Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Which of the following is an allosteric activator of mammalian carbamoyl phosphate synthetase?

What type of damage occurs if there is a defect in the urea cycle?

Uricotelic organisms release nitrogen as:

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The product _______________ results when aspartate is transaminated with ɑ-ketoglutarate.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The ______________ enzymes transfer an ɑ-amino group from amino acids to ɑ-ketoglutarate.

The genetic deficiency of the enzyme ___________________ results in a condition referred to as phenylketonuria.

In the degradation of amino acids, the amino nitrogens can eventually become the amino group of ___________________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Serine and threonine are deaminated by the enzyme _______________.

Write the net equation of the urea cycle and indicate whether energy is produced or consumed by the cycle.

What is the basic strategy by which proteins are degraded?

Why do you think that weight lifters take large amounts of branched-chain amino acids?

Which amino acids can be converted to pyruvate by a single enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

The hydrolysis of arginine by arginase produces ornithine and ___________________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The methyl group donor _______________ is the product of the first step of methionine degradation.

In the first step of the urea cycle, CO2 and NH4+ are converted into ___________________.

In the urea cycle, the second nitrogen of urea enters the cycle in the form of which of the following metabolites?

In addition to increased fatty acid accumulation in the liver, excess consumption of ethanol can also induce two further stages of liver damage. What are they?

Which amino acids can be directly deaminated to produce NH4+?

What is the cause of PKU? Give the structure of the abnormal metabolite that accumulates from which this condition gets its name.

Which amino acids supply carbons for eventual entry into metabolism as succinyl CoA?

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant DNA Techniques

Filters

In the first step of the urea cycle, CO₂ and NH⁴⁺ are converted into ___________________.