Exam 21: The Proton-Motive Force

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The thermodynamic driving force of ATP synthesis caused by the pumping of protons is _______________.

The membrane protein __________________ couples the entry of ADP into the mitochondrial matrix with the exit of ATP.

What is the reaction of ATP synthase?

Provide a brief description of oxidative phosphorylation.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Atractyloside inhibits the mitochondrial protein _______________.

How does the rotation of the c ring lead to ATP synthesis?

Explain why carbon monoxide is toxic.

In the glycerol phosphate shuttle, cytoplasmic glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase uses cytoplasmic NADH to reduce __________________ to glycerol 3-phosphate.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ is the name given to the hypothesis proposed by Peter Mitchell to explain how ATP synthesis is coupled to electron transport.

How is oxidative phosphorylation regulated?

The protein that generates heat by permitting the influx of protons into the mitochondria without the synthesis of ATP is the __________________.

Electron flow down the electron-transport chain leads to:

What are uncouplers? Provide an example of when they might be useful.

When glucose is totally oxidized to CO₂ and H₂O, how many ATP molecules are made by oxidative phosphorylation out of a maximum yield of how many ATP molecules?

How does the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle function?

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -ADP transport into the mitochondria is coupled to the export of _______________.

In the malate-aspartate shuttle, how is oxaloacetate (OAA) regenerated, given that there is no transporter for oxaloacetate across the inner membrane?

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is part of the _______________ shuttle.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Which form of the ATPase subunits is responsible for phosphorylation of ADP?

What is the mechanism for nonshivering thermogenesis?