Question 1

The enzyme that begins the kinase cascade, activating glycogen degradation, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen synthase. 
B)  phosphorylase kinase. 
C)  PKC. 
D)  PKA. 
E)  tyrosine kinase. 
A)  glycogen synthase. 
B)  phosphorylase kinase. 
C)  PKC. 
D)  PKA. 
E)  tyrosine kinase. D

Question 2

__________________ is is a primer that polymerizes the first few glucose molecules.

Accepted Answer

Glycogenin

Question 3

Glycogen synthase catalyzes the transfer of a glucose residue from UDP-glucose to one of the __________________ ends of glycogen.

Accepted Answer

nonreducing

Question 4

The glycogen branching enzyme moves a block of __________________ (or so) glucose residues to from a branch point at least four residues from a preexisting branch.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The glycogen branching enzyme moves a block...

Question 5

Which is the true glucose-level sensor in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  phosphorylase a 
C)  glucagon 
D)  glycogen synthase 
E)  protein phosphatase 1 
A)  insulin 
B)  phosphorylase a 
C)  glucagon 
D)  glycogen synthase 
E)  protein phosphatase 1

Question 6

Glycogenin:

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of dimmer proteins. 
B)  self-assembles eight glycosyl units. 
C)  is the primer for glycogen synthase. 
D)  B and C. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  consists of dimmer proteins. 
B)  self-assembles eight glycosyl units. 
C)  is the primer for glycogen synthase. 
D)  B and C. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 7

Explain how the liver responds to muscle challenges in insulin-dependent diabetes.

Accepted Answer

The liver primarily

Question 8

The __________________ creates a 1,6-glycosidic bond.

Accepted Answer

A)  branching enzyme 
B)  glucose transferase 
C)  glycogen isomerase 
D)  glycogen synthase 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  branching enzyme 
B)  glucose transferase 
C)  glycogen isomerase 
D)  glycogen synthase 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

The reaction, glucose-1-phosphate  +  UTP⇌     UDP-glucose  +  PPi, is readily reversible.  
Explain how the formation of UDP-glucose from glucose 1-phosphate and UTP is essentially reversible.

Accepted Answer

The hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi) to

Question 10

The activated glucose donor of glycogen synthesis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 1-phosphate. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  UTP. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  glucose 1-phosphate. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  UTP. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 11

The reaction catalyzed by __________________ transfers UDP-glucose to the hydroxyl of an existing glycogen core.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reaction catalyzed by __________________ transfers UDP-glucose...

Question 12

How does insulin stimulate glycogen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Insulin triggers a pathway that activate

Question 13

Insulin binds to its receptor and causes what protein to be activated in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Insulin re

Question 14

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ dissociates from phosphorylase a in the T state.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 15

An incorrect, tight binding of PP1 to glycogen synthase would result in:

Accepted Answer

A)  a hyperactive glycogen synthase. 
B)  hyper-glycogen levels. 
C)  increased insulin action. 
D)  high blood glucose. 
E)  activated glycogen synthase. 
A)  a hyperactive glycogen synthase. 
B)  hyper-glycogen levels. 
C)  increased insulin action. 
D)  high blood glucose. 
E)  activated glycogen synthase.

Question 16

What did Carl and Gerti Cori discover about the cause of von Gierke disease? Briefly explain how this information helps to explain the symptoms of the disease.

Accepted Answer

They discovered that the cause of von Gi

Question 17

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ is the glycogen storage disease in which the defective enzyme is glucose 6-phosphatase.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 18

______________ results from a loss or inactivation of insulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Hyperinsulinemia 
C)  Type I diabetes 
D)  Type II diabetes 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Hyperinsulinemia 
C)  Type I diabetes 
D)  Type II diabetes 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

How are new glucosyl units added to a growing glycogen molecule?

Accepted Answer

Glucosyl units are added to th

Question 20

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Synthesis of glycogen starts with the phosphate group transfer from UTP to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Exam 25: Glycogen Synthesis

The enzyme that begins the kinase cascade, activating glycogen degradation, is:

__________________ is is a primer that polymerizes the first few glucose molecules.

Glycogen synthase catalyzes the transfer of a glucose residue from UDP-glucose to one of the __________________ ends of glycogen.

The glycogen branching enzyme moves a block of __________________ (or so) glucose residues to from a branch point at least four residues from a preexisting branch.

Which is the true glucose-level sensor in the cell?

Glycogenin:

Explain how the liver responds to muscle challenges in insulin-dependent diabetes.

The __________________ creates a 1,6-glycosidic bond.

The reaction, glucose-1-phosphate + UTP⇌ UDP-glucose + PPi, is readily reversible. Explain how the formation of UDP-glucose from glucose 1-phosphate and UTP is essentially reversible.

The activated glucose donor of glycogen synthesis is:

The reaction catalyzed by __________________ transfers UDP-glucose to the hydroxyl of an existing glycogen core.

How does insulin stimulate glycogen synthesis?

Insulin binds to its receptor and causes what protein to be activated in the cytoplasm?

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ dissociates from phosphorylase a in the T state.

An incorrect, tight binding of PP1 to glycogen synthase would result in:

What did Carl and Gerti Cori discover about the cause of von Gierke disease? Briefly explain how this information helps to explain the symptoms of the disease.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ is the glycogen storage disease in which the defective enzyme is glucose 6-phosphatase.

______________ results from a loss or inactivation of insulin receptors.

How are new glucosyl units added to a growing glycogen molecule?

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Synthesis of glycogen starts with the phosphate group transfer from UTP to _______________.

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant DNA Techniques

Filters