Exam 38: Introduction to the Endocrine System

Many hormones are synthesized as preprohormones.A mutation in a preprohormone-encoding gene that changed the amino acid sequence of the signal peptide could result in:

Endocrine diseases are often due to loss of hormone (i.e.,a hormone deficiency).Which of the following would cause an endocrine disease that mimicked a protein hormone deficiency without a deficiency in the levels of a circulating protein hormone?

Many pituitary hormones are secreted in a circadian rhythm.A structure important in the regulation of circadian hormonal rhythms is:

The hypothalamus has an important role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-endocrine gland axes.As part of these axes,hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons secrete:

Endocrine glands are organs dedicated to making hormones.Some organs make hormones but have other important functions.An example of such a hormone-producing organ that is not considered a dedicated endocrine gland is:

An important process that can activate a steroid hormone or even change a steroid hormone into a different type of hormone (e.g.,changing an androgen molecule into an estrogen molecule)is called:

An elderly person becomes confused and takes an overdose of a medication designed to block both cholesterol uptake from the GI tract and cholesterol synthesis by all cells.After 24 hours,the individual is severely hypocholesterolemic (i.e.,has very low levels of circulating cholesterol).This effect is transient: as the effects of the drug wear off,hormone levels rebound.Which of the following is most responsible for stability of hormone levels in this situation?

An elderly person becomes confused and takes an overdose of a medication designed to block both cholesterol uptake from the gastrointestinal (GI)tract and cholesterol synthesis by all cells.After 24 hours,the individual is severely hypocholesterolemic (i.e.,has very low levels of circulating cholesterol).This individual would exhibit a transient lower level of which type of hormone?

Hormones act through binding to their receptors.Which of following hormones binds only to a receptor located on the cell membrane?

Protein hormones are secreted in a regulated manner,through a mechanism referred to as: