Question 1

Which is a result of consuming a diet deficient in iodine?

Accepted Answer

A)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the pituitary gland 
B)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and an enlarged thyroid gland 
C)  high plasma concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) due to a deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) 
D)  high plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to increased secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland 
E)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and atrophy of the thyroid gland due to reduced concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 
A)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the pituitary gland 
B)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and an enlarged thyroid gland 
C)  high plasma concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) due to a deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) 
D)  high plasma concentration of thyroid hormones due to increased secretion of TSH by the pituitary gland 
E)  low plasma concentration of thyroid hormones and atrophy of the thyroid gland due to reduced concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 2

Which is true about the growth of long bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteoblasts dissolve bone tissue when bones remodel in response to sex hormones. 
B)  Osteoclasts are responsible for depositing new bone tissue at the epiphyseal growth plate before puberty. 
C)  Before adolescence, bones are completely made up of cartilage; after puberty they ossify and harden. 
D)  Growth in length occurs at a single epiphyseal growth plate in the center of the shaft of long bones. 
E)  Growth in length occurs at two epiphyseal growth plates near the ends of long bones. 
A)  Osteoblasts dissolve bone tissue when bones remodel in response to sex hormones. 
B)  Osteoclasts are responsible for depositing new bone tissue at the epiphyseal growth plate before puberty. 
C)  Before adolescence, bones are completely made up of cartilage; after puberty they ossify and harden. 
D)  Growth in length occurs at a single epiphyseal growth plate in the center of the shaft of long bones. 
E)  Growth in length occurs at two epiphyseal growth plates near the ends of long bones.

Question 3

Unlike neurons, endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary by axonal transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormone stimulates cell proliferation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It directly stimulates cell division in most tissues. 
B)  It stimulates the release of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) from the liver and other target tissues of growth hormone. 
C)  It stimulates metabolism. 
D)  It stimulates the release of eicosanoids from lymphoid tissues. 
E)  It stimulates sleep. 
A)  It directly stimulates cell division in most tissues. 
B)  It stimulates the release of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) from the liver and other target tissues of growth hormone. 
C)  It stimulates metabolism. 
D)  It stimulates the release of eicosanoids from lymphoid tissues. 
E)  It stimulates sleep.

Question 6

An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and many secretory granules is likely to secrete a peptide hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  in utero 
B)  during childhood 
C)  during adolescence 
D)  during adulthood 
E)  during senescence 
A)  in utero 
B)  during childhood 
C)  during adolescence 
D)  during adulthood 
E)  during senescence

Question 8

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of dopamine release by prolactin 
B)  inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) release by growth hormone (GH) 
C)  inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) release by insulin-like growth factor-1 
D)  inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E)  stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) 
A)  stimulation of dopamine release by prolactin 
B)  inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) release by growth hormone (GH) 
C)  inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) release by insulin-like growth factor-1 
D)  inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E)  stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 9

Peptide hormones are:

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesized by the ribosomes of endocrine cells. 
B)  synthesized in the nucleus of endocrine cells. 
C)  synthesized out of the amino acid tryptophan. 
D)  the least prevalent type of hormone in the body. 
E)  manufactured cooperatively by the mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  synthesized by the ribosomes of endocrine cells. 
B)  synthesized in the nucleus of endocrine cells. 
C)  synthesized out of the amino acid tryptophan. 
D)  the least prevalent type of hormone in the body. 
E)  manufactured cooperatively by the mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 10

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In general, steroid hormones bind to receptors on cell membranes, whereas peptide hormones bind to receptors inside of cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Binding of hydrophilic hormones to their receptors often results in the formation of one or more second messengers that lead to alterations of the cell's activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The primary function of thyrotropin is to stimulate secretion of thyroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Both thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are amine hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A)  acromegaly 
B)  Cushing's syndrome 
C)  congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) 
D)  Graves' disease 
E)  Addison's disease 
A)  acromegaly 
B)  Cushing's syndrome 
C)  congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) 
D)  Graves' disease 
E)  Addison's disease

Question 16

The adrenal cortex is part of the autonomic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

How is the concentration of a hormone in plasma determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  only by its rate of secretion 
B)  by the number of its target cells in the body 
C)  only by its rate of synthesis 
D)  by its secretion and clearance rates, and whether or not it binds to carriers and/or other plasma proteins 
E)  only by the rate of its degradation by the liver and kidneys 
A)  only by its rate of secretion 
B)  by the number of its target cells in the body 
C)  only by its rate of synthesis 
D)  by its secretion and clearance rates, and whether or not it binds to carriers and/or other plasma proteins 
E)  only by the rate of its degradation by the liver and kidneys

Which is a result of consuming a diet deficient in iodine?

Which is true about the growth of long bones?

Unlike neurons, endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary by axonal transport.

Which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormone stimulates cell proliferation?

An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and many secretory granules is likely to secrete a peptide hormone.

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Peptide hormones are:

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

In general, steroid hormones bind to receptors on cell membranes, whereas peptide hormones bind to receptors inside of cells.

Binding of hydrophilic hormones to their receptors often results in the formation of one or more second messengers that lead to alterations of the cell's activity.

The primary function of thyrotropin is to stimulate secretion of thyroid hormones.

Both thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are amine hormones.

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

The adrenal cortex is part of the autonomic nervous system.

How is the concentration of a hormone in plasma determined?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters

Exam 11: The Endocrine System

Which is a result of consuming a diet deficient in iodine?

Which is true about the growth of long bones?

Unlike neurons, endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary by axonal transport.

Which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormone stimulates cell proliferation?

An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and many secretory granules is likely to secrete a peptide hormone.

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Peptide hormones are:

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

In general, steroid hormones bind to receptors on cell membranes, whereas peptide hormones bind to receptors inside of cells.

Binding of hydrophilic hormones to their receptors often results in the formation of one or more second messengers that lead to alterations of the cell's activity.

The primary function of thyrotropin is to stimulate secretion of thyroid hormones.

Both thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are amine hormones.

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

The adrenal cortex is part of the autonomic nervous system.

How is the concentration of a hormone in plasma determined?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters