Question 1

Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores

Accepted Answer

A)  have increased in the past decade despite the introduction of less culturally biased test items. 
B)  occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales. 
C)  are a clear indication that the heritability of intelligence approaches 100 percent. 
D)  are just as significant as intelligence differences among members of a single race. 
A)  have increased in the past decade despite the introduction of less culturally biased test items. 
B)  occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales. 
C)  are a clear indication that the heritability of intelligence approaches 100 percent. 
D)  are just as significant as intelligence differences among members of a single race. B

Question 2

The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins reared together is

Accepted Answer

A)  equal to that between identical twins reared apart. 
B)  less than that between children and their biological parents. 
C)  equal to that between ordinary siblings reared together. 
D)  less than that between identical twins reared apart. 
A)  equal to that between identical twins reared apart. 
B)  less than that between children and their biological parents. 
C)  equal to that between ordinary siblings reared together. 
D)  less than that between identical twins reared apart. D

Question 3

Support programs that suggest minority students cannot succeed without special academic help may unintentionally promote

Accepted Answer

A)  savant syndrome. 
B)  stereotype threat. 
C)  heritability. 
D)  factor analysis. 
A)  savant syndrome. 
B)  stereotype threat. 
C)  heritability. 
D)  factor analysis. B

Question 4

Males' reading ability scores vary ________ than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary ________ than females' scores.

Accepted Answer

A)  less; more 
B)  more; less 
C)  less; less 
D)  more; more 
A)  less; more 
B)  more; less 
C)  less; less 
D)  more; more

Question 5

Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  standardization. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  stereotype threat. 
D)  the Flynn effect. 
A)  standardization. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  stereotype threat. 
D)  the Flynn effect.

Question 6

On which of the following tasks are men most likely to outperform women?

Accepted Answer

A)  speed-reading 
B)  interpreting literature 
C)  learning a foreign language 
D)  mentally rotating three-dimensional objects 
A)  speed-reading 
B)  interpreting literature 
C)  learning a foreign language 
D)  mentally rotating three-dimensional objects

Question 7

Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered culturally biased in terms of their

Accepted Answer

A)  content validity. 
B)  predictive validity. 
C)  normal distribution. 
D)  reliability. 
A)  content validity. 
B)  predictive validity. 
C)  normal distribution. 
D)  reliability.

Question 8

J. McVicker Hunt began a program of tutored human enrichment in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

Accepted Answer

A)  ignore babies' crying. 
B)  imitate babies' babbling. 
C)  calculate babies' intelligence quotients. 
D)  do all of these things. 
A)  ignore babies' crying. 
B)  imitate babies' babbling. 
C)  calculate babies' intelligence quotients. 
D)  do all of these things.

Question 9

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Accepted Answer

A)  low because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings. 
B)  low because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings. 
C)  high because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings. 
D)  high because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings. 
A)  low because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings. 
B)  low because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings. 
C)  high because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings. 
D)  high because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings.

Question 10

Among entering American collegians, men are ________ likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to ________ players' spatial abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  no more; have no effect on 
B)  more; have no effect on 
C)  no more; boost 
D)  more; boost 
A)  no more; have no effect on 
B)  more; have no effect on 
C)  no more; boost 
D)  more; boost

Question 11

The distribution of intelligence test scores among ________ Americans is represented by the normal curve.

Accepted Answer

A)  White 
B)  Hispanic 
C)  Black 
D)  members of any of these groups of 
A)  White 
B)  Hispanic 
C)  Black 
D)  members of any of these groups of

Question 12

The impact of early environmental influences on intelligence is most apparent among young children who experience

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotype threat. 
B)  intellectual disability. 
C)  intrinsic motivation. 
D)  minimal interaction with caregivers. 
A)  stereotype threat. 
B)  intellectual disability. 
C)  intrinsic motivation. 
D)  minimal interaction with caregivers.

Question 13

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  stability 
B)  reliability 
C)  heritability 
D)  variability 
A)  stability 
B)  reliability 
C)  heritability 
D)  variability

Question 14

Students are most likely to develop a "growth mindset" that results in a focus on learning when they believe that intelligence is

Accepted Answer

A)  changeable. 
B)  polygenetic. 
C)  an indication of one's mental age. 
D)  distributed in a bell-shaped pattern. 
A)  changeable. 
B)  polygenetic. 
C)  an indication of one's mental age. 
D)  distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.

Question 15

With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become ________ positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become ________ positively correlated.

Accepted Answer

A)  more; more 
B)  less; less 
C)  more; less 
D)  less; more 
A)  more; more 
B)  less; less 
C)  more; less 
D)  less; more

Question 16

If the heritability of intelligence within both group A and group B is 100 percent, differences in average intelligence between these groups might result from

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental differences if the two groups are genetically similar. 
B)  genetic differences if the two groups have similar environments. 
C)  both genetic and environmental differences between the two groups. 
D)  any of these situations. 
A)  environmental differences if the two groups are genetically similar. 
B)  genetic differences if the two groups have similar environments. 
C)  both genetic and environmental differences between the two groups. 
D)  any of these situations.

Question 17

Psychologists would be likely to agree that

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence tests have greater predictive validity for men than for women. 
B)  intelligence tests have comparable predictive validity for Whites and Blacks. 
C)  intelligence tests have less predictive validity for poor students than for rich students. 
D)  all of these statements are true. 
A)  intelligence tests have greater predictive validity for men than for women. 
B)  intelligence tests have comparable predictive validity for Whites and Blacks. 
C)  intelligence tests have less predictive validity for poor students than for rich students. 
D)  all of these statements are true.

Question 18

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identical twins reared apart are less similar in their intelligence scores than identical twins reared together. 
B)  The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with those of their parents. 
C)  Identical twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are fraternal twins. 
D)  The intelligence scores of siblings reared together are positively correlated. 
A)  Identical twins reared apart are less similar in their intelligence scores than identical twins reared together. 
B)  The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with those of their parents. 
C)  Identical twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are fraternal twins. 
D)  The intelligence scores of siblings reared together are positively correlated.

Question 19

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  biased; biased 
B)  biased; not biased 
C)  not biased; biased 
D)  not biased; not biased 
A)  biased; biased 
B)  biased; not biased 
C)  not biased; biased 
D)  not biased; not biased

Question 20

Self-fulfilling expectations are most likely to be triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)  the Flynn effect. 
B)  factor analysis. 
C)  polygenetics. 
D)  stereotype threat. 
A)  the Flynn effect. 
B)  factor analysis. 
C)  polygenetics. 
D)  stereotype threat.

Exam 31: A: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores

The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins reared together is

Support programs that suggest minority students cannot succeed without special academic help may unintentionally promote

Males' reading ability scores vary ________ than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary ________ than females' scores.

Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of

On which of the following tasks are men most likely to outperform women?

Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered culturally biased in terms of their

J. McVicker Hunt began a program of tutored human enrichment in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Among entering American collegians, men are ________ likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to ________ players' spatial abilities.

The distribution of intelligence test scores among ________ Americans is represented by the normal curve.

The impact of early environmental influences on intelligence is most apparent among young children who experience

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Students are most likely to develop a "growth mindset" that results in a focus on learning when they believe that intelligence is

With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become ________ positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become ________ positively correlated.

If the heritability of intelligence within both group A and group B is 100 percent, differences in average intelligence between these groups might result from

Psychologists would be likely to agree that

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Self-fulfilling expectations are most likely to be triggered by

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Males' reading ability scores vary than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary than females' scores.

Among entering American collegians, men are likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to players' spatial abilities.

With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become positively correlated.

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.