Question 1

Which form of psychotherapy is LEAST likely to occur in therapist-led small groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  client-centered therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  systematic desensitization 
D)  cognitive therapy 
A)  client-centered therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  systematic desensitization 
D)  cognitive therapy B

Question 2

Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  family therapy 
D)  client-centered therapy 
A)  cognitive therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  family therapy 
D)  client-centered therapy C

Question 3

The approach that has helped children with autism spectrum disorder learn to function successfully in school involves

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  stress inoculation training. 
C)  the double-blind procedure. 
D)  aversive conditioning. 
A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  stress inoculation training. 
C)  the double-blind procedure. 
D)  aversive conditioning. A

Question 4

Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted behavior and an unpleasant experience is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  transference. 
D)  electroconvulsive therapy. 
A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  transference. 
D)  electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 5

The healing power of insight and self-awareness is LEAST likely to be emphasized by ________ therapists.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  behavior 
D)  humanistic 
A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  behavior 
D)  humanistic

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It emphasizes the existence of repressed memories. 
B)  It provides interpretations that are hard to disprove. 
C)  It is generally a very expensive process. 
D)  It gives therapists too much control over patients. 
A)  It emphasizes the existence of repressed memories. 
B)  It provides interpretations that are hard to disprove. 
C)  It is generally a very expensive process. 
D)  It gives therapists too much control over patients.

Question 7

"For you to think you are worthless because your boyfriend sometimes criticizes you is absurd! I know a lot of highly worthy people who often receive criticisms." This statement would most likely be made to a patient by a

Accepted Answer

A)  rational-emotive behavior therapist. 
B)  psychodynamic therapist. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavior therapist. 
A)  rational-emotive behavior therapist. 
B)  psychodynamic therapist. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavior therapist.

Question 8

Stress inoculation training focuses on helping people to

Accepted Answer

A)  associate unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences. 
B)  replace negative self-talk with more positive comments. 
C)  associate a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli. 
D)  establish empathic, caring relationships with others. 
A)  associate unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences. 
B)  replace negative self-talk with more positive comments. 
C)  associate a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli. 
D)  establish empathic, caring relationships with others.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of behavior therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clients may rely too much on extrinsic rewards for their new behaviors. 
B)  Behavior control is unethical. 
C)  Outside the therapeutic setting, the new behavior may disappear. 
D)  All of these are criticisms of behavior therapy. 
A)  Clients may rely too much on extrinsic rewards for their new behaviors. 
B)  Behavior control is unethical. 
C)  Outside the therapeutic setting, the new behavior may disappear. 
D)  All of these are criticisms of behavior therapy.

Question 10

Empathic understanding of the patient's subjective experiences is a major goal of a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  biomedical therapist. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavior therapist. 
A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  biomedical therapist. 
C)  client-centered therapist. 
D)  behavior therapist.

Question 11

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  stress inoculation training. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  EMDR. 
A)  stress inoculation training. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  EMDR.

Question 12

Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hans Eysenck 
B)  Egaz Moniz 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Hans Eysenck 
B)  Egaz Moniz 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 13

A token economy is to operant conditioning as ________ is to classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization 
B)  electroconvulsive therapy 
C)  free association 
D)  drug therapy 
A)  systematic desensitization 
B)  electroconvulsive therapy 
C)  free association 
D)  drug therapy

Question 14

Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual's inherent potential for self-fulfillment?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  humanistic therapy 
D)  biomedical therapy 
A)  behavior therapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  humanistic therapy 
D)  biomedical therapy

Question 15

Insight therapies aim to improve psychological functioning by

Accepted Answer

A)  discouraging people from using antidepressant drugs. 
B)  using progressive relaxation to reduce anxiety. 
C)  increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses. 
D)  using personality tests to accurately diagnose the person's difficulties. 
A)  discouraging people from using antidepressant drugs. 
B)  using progressive relaxation to reduce anxiety. 
C)  increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses. 
D)  using personality tests to accurately diagnose the person's difficulties.

Question 16

Carl Rogers encouraged therapists to genuinely express their own true feelings during their interactions with clients. He also encouraged therapists to refrain from directing clients toward certain insights. Explain how a therapist might be genuine and nondirective and still be able to help a client who feels ashamed of his or her physical appearance and intensely anxious about developing close friendships.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carl Rogers encouraged therapists to genuinely express...

Question 17

Cognitive therapists would be most likely to encourage depressed clients to

Accepted Answer

A)  carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression. 
B)  take more personal responsibility for their own negative feelings and actions. 
C)  stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control. 
D)  identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. 
A)  carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression. 
B)  take more personal responsibility for their own negative feelings and actions. 
C)  stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control. 
D)  identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.

Question 18

Carl Rogers encouraged client-centered therapists to ______ during the process of therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)  clearly communicate their diagnosis of a client's disorder 
B)  genuinely express their own true feelings 
C)  explain the immediate causes of a client's difficulties 
D)  identify a hierarchy of the client's anxiety-arousing experiences 
A)  clearly communicate their diagnosis of a client's disorder 
B)  genuinely express their own true feelings 
C)  explain the immediate causes of a client's difficulties 
D)  identify a hierarchy of the client's anxiety-arousing experiences

Question 19

The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the premise that maladaptive symptoms are

Accepted Answer

A)  a reflection of irrational thinking. 
B)  conditioned responses. 
C)  expressions of unfulfilled wishes. 
D)  all of these things. 
A)  a reflection of irrational thinking. 
B)  conditioned responses. 
C)  expressions of unfulfilled wishes. 
D)  all of these things.

Question 20

One reason that aversive conditioning may only be temporarily effective is that

Accepted Answer

A)  for ethical reasons, therapists cannot use sufficiently intense unconditioned stimuli to sustain classical conditioning. 
B)  patients are often unable to become sufficiently relaxed for conditioning to take place. 
C)  patients know that outside the therapist's office they can engage in the undesirable behavior without fear of aversive consequences. 
D)  most conditioned responses are elicited by many nonspecific stimuli and it is impossible to countercondition them all. 
A)  for ethical reasons, therapists cannot use sufficiently intense unconditioned stimuli to sustain classical conditioning. 
B)  patients are often unable to become sufficiently relaxed for conditioning to take place. 
C)  patients know that outside the therapist's office they can engage in the undesirable behavior without fear of aversive consequences. 
D)  most conditioned responses are elicited by many nonspecific stimuli and it is impossible to countercondition them all.

Exam 52: The Psychological Therapies

Which form of psychotherapy is LEAST likely to occur in therapist-led small groups?

Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?

The approach that has helped children with autism spectrum disorder learn to function successfully in school involves

Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted behavior and an unpleasant experience is known as

The healing power of insight and self-awareness is LEAST likely to be emphasized by ________ therapists.

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of psychoanalysis?

"For you to think you are worthless because your boyfriend sometimes criticizes you is absurd! I know a lot of highly worthy people who often receive criticisms." This statement would most likely be made to a patient by a

Stress inoculation training focuses on helping people to

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of behavior therapy?

Empathic understanding of the patient's subjective experiences is a major goal of a

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates

Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?

A token economy is to operant conditioning as ________ is to classical conditioning.

Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual's inherent potential for self-fulfillment?

Insight therapies aim to improve psychological functioning by

Cognitive therapists would be most likely to encourage depressed clients to

Carl Rogers encouraged client-centered therapists to ______ during the process of therapy.

The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the premise that maladaptive symptoms are

One reason that aversive conditioning may only be temporarily effective is that

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

A: Assessing Intelligence