Question 1

We tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people. This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the mere exposure effect. 
B)  mood linkage. 
C)  the reciprocity norm. 
D)  mirror-image perceptions. 
A)  the mere exposure effect. 
B)  mood linkage. 
C)  the reciprocity norm. 
D)  mirror-image perceptions. B

Question 2

Which of the following most accurately states the effects of crowding on behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crowding makes people irritable. 
B)  Crowding sometimes intensifies people's reactions. 
C)  Crowding promotes altruistic behavior. 
D)  Crowding usually weakens the intensity of people's reactions. 
A)  Crowding makes people irritable. 
B)  Crowding sometimes intensifies people's reactions. 
C)  Crowding promotes altruistic behavior. 
D)  Crowding usually weakens the intensity of people's reactions. B

Question 3

In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teachers" exhibited a somewhat lower level of compliance with an experimenter's orders when the

Accepted Answer

A)  experiment was not associated with a prestigious institution like Yale University. 
B)  "learner" complained of a slight heart condition just before the experiment began. 
C)  "learner" screamed as the shocks became more punishing. 
D)  "learner" was in another room where his physical well-being couldn't be observed by the "teacher." 
A)  experiment was not associated with a prestigious institution like Yale University. 
B)  "learner" complained of a slight heart condition just before the experiment began. 
C)  "learner" screamed as the shocks became more punishing. 
D)  "learner" was in another room where his physical well-being couldn't be observed by the "teacher." A

Question 4

Participants in Milgram's obedience experiments were informed that they were involved in a study of

Accepted Answer

A)  aggression. 
B)  altruism. 
C)  learning. 
D)  visual perception. 
A)  aggression. 
B)  altruism. 
C)  learning. 
D)  visual perception.

Question 5

Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the reciprocity norm. 
B)  peripheral route persuasion. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  conformity. 
A)  the reciprocity norm. 
B)  peripheral route persuasion. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  conformity.

Question 6

Blindfolded university students were observed to pull harder on a rope when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought three others were pulling with them on the same rope. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing. 
B)  the chameleon effect. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  social facilitation. 
A)  social loafing. 
B)  the chameleon effect. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  social facilitation.

Question 7

Which of the following is important in promoting conformity in individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether an individual's behavior will be observed by others in the group 
B)  whether the individual is male or female 
C)  the size of the group's meeting room 
D)  whether the individual is of a higher status than other group members 
A)  whether an individual's behavior will be observed by others in the group 
B)  whether the individual is male or female 
C)  the size of the group's meeting room 
D)  whether the individual is of a higher status than other group members

Question 8

Comedy routines that are mildly amusing to people in an uncrowded room seem funnier in a densely packed room. This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  the mere exposure effect. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  the bystander effect. 
D)  ingroup bias. 
A)  the mere exposure effect. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  the bystander effect. 
D)  ingroup bias.

Question 9

Social loafing is MOST likely to occur among

Accepted Answer

A)  audience members who are asked to applaud after a speaker is introduced. 
B)  factory workers paid on the basis of individual level of productivity. 
C)  a group of runners competing for first place in a race. 
D)  students who are each assigned a different topic for their course term papers. 
A)  audience members who are asked to applaud after a speaker is introduced. 
B)  factory workers paid on the basis of individual level of productivity. 
C)  a group of runners competing for first place in a race. 
D)  students who are each assigned a different topic for their course term papers.

Question 10

On which of the following tasks would the presence of others be MOST likely to lead to improved performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  reciting the months of the year in alphabetical order 
B)  learning foreign language words 
C)  counting backward from 10 to 1 
D)  learning nonsense syllables 
A)  reciting the months of the year in alphabetical order 
B)  learning foreign language words 
C)  counting backward from 10 to 1 
D)  learning nonsense syllables

Question 11

In a study of social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. The students tugged hardest when they thought

Accepted Answer

A)  three others were pulling with them. 
B)  three others were pulling against them. 
C)  no others were pulling with them. 
D)  no one was monitoring how hard they pulled. 
A)  three others were pulling with them. 
B)  three others were pulling against them. 
C)  no others were pulling with them. 
D)  no one was monitoring how hard they pulled.

Question 12

Individuals who believe that the death penalty should be abolished meet to discuss the issue. Research on group interaction suggests that after discussion the individuals will be

Accepted Answer

A)  even more convinced that the death penalty should be abolished. 
B)  convinced that the death penalty should be retained. 
C)  sharply divided over whether the death penalty should be abolished. 
D)  in favor of a more moderate position on the issue. 
A)  even more convinced that the death penalty should be abolished. 
B)  convinced that the death penalty should be retained. 
C)  sharply divided over whether the death penalty should be abolished. 
D)  in favor of a more moderate position on the issue.

Question 13

Those who feel socially pressured sometimes assert their freedom by doing the opposite of what is socially expected. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. 
B)  mirror-image perceptions. 
C)  the chameleon effect. 
D)  personal control. 
A)  the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. 
B)  mirror-image perceptions. 
C)  the chameleon effect. 
D)  personal control.

Question 14

The phenomenon in which individuals lose their identity and relinquish normal restraints when they are part of a group is called

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  groupthink. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 15

Conformity increased under which of the following conditions in Asch's studies of conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The group had three or more people. 
B)  The group had high status. 
C)  Individuals were made to feel insecure. 
D)  All of these conditions increased conformity. 
A)  The group had three or more people. 
B)  The group had high status. 
C)  Individuals were made to feel insecure. 
D)  All of these conditions increased conformity.

Question 16

Which of the following conclusions did Milgram derive from his studies of obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. 
B)  Under the proper circumstances, most people can suppress their natural aggressiveness. 
C)  The need to be accepted by others is a powerful motivating force. 
D)  He reached all of these conclusions. 
A)  Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. 
B)  Under the proper circumstances, most people can suppress their natural aggressiveness. 
C)  The need to be accepted by others is a powerful motivating force. 
D)  He reached all of these conclusions.

Question 17

Which of the following is most likely to promote groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  The group's leader fails to take a firm stance on an issue. 
B)  A minority faction holds to its position. 
C)  The group consults with various experts. 
D)  Group polarization is evident. 
A)  The group's leader fails to take a firm stance on an issue. 
B)  A minority faction holds to its position. 
C)  The group consults with various experts. 
D)  Group polarization is evident.

Question 18

The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  ingroup bias. 
D)  the mere exposure effect. 
A)  group polarization. 
B)  social facilitation. 
C)  ingroup bias. 
D)  the mere exposure effect.

Question 19

In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

Accepted Answer

A)  they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong. 
B)  their victims are distant and depersonalized. 
C)  they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures. 
D)  they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts. 
A)  they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong. 
B)  their victims are distant and depersonalized. 
C)  they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures. 
D)  they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts.

Question 20

Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which

Accepted Answer

A)  little communication is possible. 
B)  individuals share a similar opinion. 
C)  each individual has a unique perspective. 
D)  individuals have not formed any opinion. 
A)  little communication is possible. 
B)  individuals share a similar opinion. 
C)  each individual has a unique perspective. 
D)  individuals have not formed any opinion.

Exam 44: Social Influence

We tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people. This illustrates

Which of the following most accurately states the effects of crowding on behavior?

In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teachers" exhibited a somewhat lower level of compliance with an experimenter's orders when the

Participants in Milgram's obedience experiments were informed that they were involved in a study of

Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called

Blindfolded university students were observed to pull harder on a rope when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought three others were pulling with them on the same rope. This best illustrates

Which of the following is important in promoting conformity in individuals?

Comedy routines that are mildly amusing to people in an uncrowded room seem funnier in a densely packed room. This is best explained in terms of

Social loafing is MOST likely to occur among

On which of the following tasks would the presence of others be MOST likely to lead to improved performance?

In a study of social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. The students tugged hardest when they thought

Individuals who believe that the death penalty should be abolished meet to discuss the issue. Research on group interaction suggests that after discussion the individuals will be

Those who feel socially pressured sometimes assert their freedom by doing the opposite of what is socially expected. This best illustrates

The phenomenon in which individuals lose their identity and relinquish normal restraints when they are part of a group is called

Conformity increased under which of the following conditions in Asch's studies of conformity?

Which of the following conclusions did Milgram derive from his studies of obedience?

Which of the following is most likely to promote groupthink?

The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called

In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when

Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence