Question 1

Which of the following treatment approaches has received little or no scientific support?

Accepted Answer

A)  ECT 
B)  exposure therapies 
C)  energy therapies 
D)  aversive conditioning 
A)  ECT 
B)  exposure therapies 
C)  energy therapies 
D)  aversive conditioning C

Question 2

The most convincing evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  studies of client satisfaction with the treatment received. 
B)  reports from therapists concerning their perceptions of client improvement. 
C)  meta-analyses of psychotherapeutic outcome studies. 
D)  the reactions of family and friends to those who have recently undergone psychotherapeutic treatment. 
A)  studies of client satisfaction with the treatment received. 
B)  reports from therapists concerning their perceptions of client improvement. 
C)  meta-analyses of psychotherapeutic outcome studies. 
D)  the reactions of family and friends to those who have recently undergone psychotherapeutic treatment. C

Question 3

Many clinical psychologists have a Ph.D. degree, which indicates that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have a medical license. 
B)  underwent research training. 
C)  majored in psychoanalysis. 
D)  had to undergo rTMS. 
A)  have a medical license. 
B)  underwent research training. 
C)  majored in psychoanalysis. 
D)  had to undergo rTMS. B

Question 4

Klaus is a psychology graduate student who wants to determine whether electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment for schizophrenia. To combine the results of numerous published studies on this issue, Klaus should use a technique called

Accepted Answer

A)  the double-blind procedure. 
B)  factor analysis. 
C)  counterconditioning. 
D)  meta-analysis. 
A)  the double-blind procedure. 
B)  factor analysis. 
C)  counterconditioning. 
D)  meta-analysis.

Question 5

Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from

Accepted Answer

A)  repressed impulses and conflicts. 
B)  stressful social situations. 
C)  abnormal personality traits. 
D)  regression toward the mean. 
A)  repressed impulses and conflicts. 
B)  stressful social situations. 
C)  abnormal personality traits. 
D)  regression toward the mean.

Question 6

A physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical psychologist. 
B)  behavioral neuroscientist. 
C)  cognitive therapist. 
D)  psychiatrist. 
A)  clinical psychologist. 
B)  behavioral neuroscientist. 
C)  cognitive therapist. 
D)  psychiatrist.

Question 7

Psychotherapy is MOST likely to be effective in freeing

Accepted Answer

A)  Sharon from the feeling that her life is meaningless and worthless. 
B)  Portia from her delusions of persecution and auditory hallucinations. 
C)  Jim from an excessive fear of giving speeches in public. 
D)  Luther from his antisocial personality disorder. 
A)  Sharon from the feeling that her life is meaningless and worthless. 
B)  Portia from her delusions of persecution and auditory hallucinations. 
C)  Jim from an excessive fear of giving speeches in public. 
D)  Luther from his antisocial personality disorder.

Question 8

Which of the following is a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  factor analysis 
B)  regression toward the mean 
C)  meta-analysis 
D)  rTMS 
A)  factor analysis 
B)  regression toward the mean 
C)  meta-analysis 
D)  rTMS

Question 9

Statistical summaries of psychotherapy outcome studies indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  psychotherapy is no more effective than talking to a friend. 
B)  no single form of therapy proves consistently superior to the others. 
C)  psychotherapy actually harms just as many people as it helps. 
D)  it is impossible to measure the effectiveness of psychotherapy. 
A)  psychotherapy is no more effective than talking to a friend. 
B)  no single form of therapy proves consistently superior to the others. 
C)  psychotherapy actually harms just as many people as it helps. 
D)  it is impossible to measure the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

Question 10

EMDR was originally developed for the treatment of

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol use disorder. 
B)  bulimia. 
C)  depression. 
D)  anxiety. 
A)  alcohol use disorder. 
B)  bulimia. 
C)  depression. 
D)  anxiety.

Question 11

EMDR is most similar to a technique known as

Accepted Answer

A)  stress inoculation training. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  electroconvulsive therapy. 
A)  stress inoculation training. 
B)  aversive conditioning. 
C)  exposure therapy. 
D)  electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 12

Although Soren once scored 37 points during a single high school basketball game, he was subsequently unable to beat or match this record no matter how hard he tried. His experience may be at least partially explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect. 
B)  regression toward the mean. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  systematic desensitization. 
A)  the placebo effect. 
B)  regression toward the mean. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  systematic desensitization.

Question 13

A trained therapist who uses psychological techniques to assist someone to overcome excessive anxiety would generally be best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  psychotherapist. 
C)  psychopharmacologist. 
D)  psychodynamic therapist. 
A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  psychotherapist. 
C)  psychopharmacologist. 
D)  psychodynamic therapist.

Question 14

Because she mistakenly thought that completing a diagnostic test was a therapeutic treatment for her anxiety disorder, Mrs. Shyam felt considerable relief for several weeks following the test. Mrs. Shyam's reaction best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  transference. 
B)  the double-blind procedure. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  systematic desensitization. 
A)  transference. 
B)  the double-blind procedure. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  systematic desensitization.

Question 15

Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are

Accepted Answer

A)  an eclectic approach, nondirective treatment, and spontaneous recovery. 
B)  hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. 
C)  exposure, desensitization, and relaxation. 
D)  neurogenesis, transference, and spontaneous recovery. 
A)  an eclectic approach, nondirective treatment, and spontaneous recovery. 
B)  hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. 
C)  exposure, desensitization, and relaxation. 
D)  neurogenesis, transference, and spontaneous recovery.

Question 16

Although Dr. Anderson uses systematic desensitization for the treatment of phobias, he prescribes antianxiety drugs as well. It is most likely that Dr. Anderson is a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  client-centered therapist. 
C)  cognitive therapist. 
D)  psychiatrist. 
A)  psychoanalyst. 
B)  client-centered therapist. 
C)  cognitive therapist. 
D)  psychiatrist.

Question 17

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to inflated perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  meta-analysis 
B)  free association 
C)  regression toward the mean 
D)  the double-blind procedure 
A)  meta-analysis 
B)  free association 
C)  regression toward the mean 
D)  the double-blind procedure

Question 18

Because Gretchen is afraid of contracting infectious diseases, she compulsively avoids shaking people's hands or touching doorknobs. Research suggests that an especially effective treatment for her difficulty would involve

Accepted Answer

A)  client-centered therapy. 
B)  psychodynamic therapy. 
C)  cognitive therapy. 
D)  behavior therapy. 
A)  client-centered therapy. 
B)  psychodynamic therapy. 
C)  cognitive therapy. 
D)  behavior therapy.

Question 19

The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  transference. 
D)  the therapeutic alliance. 
A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  transference. 
D)  the therapeutic alliance.

Question 20

Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  clients are generally satisfied with the effectiveness of therapy. 
B)  clients' perceptions are the best evidence available for the effectiveness of therapy. 
C)  clients tend to underestimate how much they have improved as a result of therapy. 
D)  therapy is no more effective than having a friend to talk to. 
A)  clients are generally satisfied with the effectiveness of therapy. 
B)  clients' perceptions are the best evidence available for the effectiveness of therapy. 
C)  clients tend to underestimate how much they have improved as a result of therapy. 
D)  therapy is no more effective than having a friend to talk to.

Exam 53: A: Evaluating Psychotherapies

Which of the following treatment approaches has received little or no scientific support?

The most convincing evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy comes from

Many clinical psychologists have a Ph.D. degree, which indicates that they

Klaus is a psychology graduate student who wants to determine whether electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment for schizophrenia. To combine the results of numerous published studies on this issue, Klaus should use a technique called

Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from

A physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders is called a

Psychotherapy is MOST likely to be effective in freeing

Which of the following is a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies?

Statistical summaries of psychotherapy outcome studies indicate that

EMDR was originally developed for the treatment of

EMDR is most similar to a technique known as

Although Soren once scored 37 points during a single high school basketball game, he was subsequently unable to beat or match this record no matter how hard he tried. His experience may be at least partially explained in terms of

A trained therapist who uses psychological techniques to assist someone to overcome excessive anxiety would generally be best described as a

Because she mistakenly thought that completing a diagnostic test was a therapeutic treatment for her anxiety disorder, Mrs. Shyam felt considerable relief for several weeks following the test. Mrs. Shyam's reaction best illustrates

Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are

Although Dr. Anderson uses systematic desensitization for the treatment of phobias, he prescribes antianxiety drugs as well. It is most likely that Dr. Anderson is a

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to inflated perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Because Gretchen is afraid of contracting infectious diseases, she compulsively avoids shaking people's hands or touching doorknobs. Research suggests that an especially effective treatment for her difficulty would involve

The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as

Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence