Exam 46: A: Prosocial Relations

Katya donated money to a religious charity in order to boost her own feelings of self-esteem. Jennifer failed to contribute to the same charity because she was fearful of running out of money. Differences in their behavior are best explained in terms of

After the Greenway family accepted their neighbor's invitation to Thanksgiving dinner, Mrs. Greenway felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner. Mrs. Greenway's sense of obligation most likely resulted from the

Liking those who share and validate our attitudes is best explained in terms of

Two social norms that influence altruistic behavior are

Adherence to the reciprocity norm is most relevant to the utility of

A failure to assume personal responsibility for helping in an emergency situation often plays an important role in the

We are likely to prefer as friends those who are similar to us in

In most desegregated schools, ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms. People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group, but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish. This pattern of thinking best illustrates

Mrs. Pinheiro fell on a busy city sidewalk and broke her leg. Although hundreds of pedestrians saw her lying on the ground, most failed to recognize that she was in need of medical assistance. Their oversight best illustrates one of the dynamics involved in

Simple "non-zero-sum games" have been used in laboratory settings to study

Observers watching videos of speed-dating encounters can detect a man's level of romantic interest ________ accurately than a woman's. If women at a speed-dating event stay seated while the men circulate, men wish for future contact with ________ of their speed dates than do women.

The tragic murder of Kitty Genovese outside her New York apartment stimulated social-psychology research on

A situation in which the individual pursuit of self-interest leads to collective destruction is known as

Mrs. Crane frequently thinks she has to shout at her husband to get his attention, but he thinks she yells because she's angry. Mr. Crane typically feels he has to shout back at his wife to defend himself, but she thinks his screaming proves that he's hostile. This couple's experience best illustrates

The country of Superlia increased the size of its military force because its leaders inappropriately anticipated that their rival, the country of Piropia, would do the same. The Piropians subsequently felt it was necessary to respond to the Superlian military buildup with a military expansion of their own. The Piropian response best illustrates the danger of

Initially prejudiced heterosexuals are likely to develop more accepting attitudes toward homosexuals following the experience of

Research on physical attractiveness indicates that men are more likely than women to

The distorted perceptions that enemies often have of each other are called mirror-image perceptions because they are

People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers. This is known as

Altruism is best described as