Question 1

Which term refers to muscles that are attached to bones,and cause bones to move at their joints when they contract?

Accepted Answer

A) smooth muscles 
B) skeletal muscles 
C) cardiac muscles 
D) ligament tissues 
E) involuntary muscles 
A) smooth muscles 
B) skeletal muscles 
C) cardiac muscles 
D) ligament tissues 
E) involuntary muscles B

Question 2

Muscles can carry out their unique motor function because they are the only cells which contain actin and myosin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which of the following statements about bone and its structure is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Bone contains an extracellular matrix of collagen fibers and inorganic calcium phosphate crystals. 
B) Bone tissue is not living because it contains inorganic calcium phosphate crystals. 
C) Bone tissue is a special form of connective tissue. 
D) Bone tissue serves as a reservoir for calcium and phosphate ions. 
E) Bone marrow is a reservoir for blood stem cells 
A) Bone contains an extracellular matrix of collagen fibers and inorganic calcium phosphate crystals. 
B) Bone tissue is not living because it contains inorganic calcium phosphate crystals. 
C) Bone tissue is a special form of connective tissue. 
D) Bone tissue serves as a reservoir for calcium and phosphate ions. 
E) Bone marrow is a reservoir for blood stem cells B

Question 4

What structure do myelin sheaths form along?

Accepted Answer

A) axons 
B) dendrites 
C) neuroglia 
D) cell bodies 
E) ganglia 
A) axons 
B) dendrites 
C) neuroglia 
D) cell bodies 
E) ganglia

Question 5

Connective tissue includes adipose tissue,tendons,bone,cartilage,and blood.What do all these tissues have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They all consist of few cells sparsely distributed in large amounts of extracellular material. 
B) They all provide structural support to the body. 
C) They are all hard tissues. 
D) They all physically bind other tissues together. 
A) They all consist of few cells sparsely distributed in large amounts of extracellular material. 
B) They all provide structural support to the body. 
C) They are all hard tissues. 
D) They all physically bind other tissues together.

Question 6

Why do some bread recipes suggest letting the dough rise in a warm place after kneading?

Accepted Answer

A) Warming the bread slightly before cooking it in a hot oven stretches out the gluten. 
B) The metabolic rate of yeast speeds up at warmer temperatures,so more carbon dioxide is released and the dough rises more quickly. 
C) The metabolic rate of yeast slows down at warmer temperatures,so more sugar is maintained and the bread is sweeter. 
D) Yeast cannot carry out fermentation at room temperature. 
A) Warming the bread slightly before cooking it in a hot oven stretches out the gluten. 
B) The metabolic rate of yeast speeds up at warmer temperatures,so more carbon dioxide is released and the dough rises more quickly. 
C) The metabolic rate of yeast slows down at warmer temperatures,so more sugar is maintained and the bread is sweeter. 
D) Yeast cannot carry out fermentation at room temperature.

Question 7

In your Ph.D.research,you use thin slices of brain tissue to study neuronal signaling.You attach an electrode to a single neuron,but cannot detect any activity.What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A) When you sliced the brain,you disconnected the cell from its dendrites. 
B) Neurons are not electrically active -- you should be recording neuroglia instead. 
C) When you sliced the brain,you disconnected the cell from its neuroglia. 
D) Excessive myelination is blocking inputs to the cell. 
A) When you sliced the brain,you disconnected the cell from its dendrites. 
B) Neurons are not electrically active -- you should be recording neuroglia instead. 
C) When you sliced the brain,you disconnected the cell from its neuroglia. 
D) Excessive myelination is blocking inputs to the cell.

Question 8

Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix?

Accepted Answer

A) adipose 
B) blood 
C) cartilage 
D) dense connective tissue 
E) loose connective tissue 
A) adipose 
B) blood 
C) cartilage 
D) dense connective tissue 
E) loose connective tissue

Question 9

If at the last minute the pitcher decides to throw a curveball,which tissue responds first?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial tissue 
B) ectoderm 
C) nerve tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
A) epithelial tissue 
B) ectoderm 
C) nerve tissue 
D) muscle tissue

Question 10

In humans,which of these structures is not made of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A) tip of the nose 
B) outer ear 
C) intervertebral disks of the backbone 
D) knee cap 
E) larynx 
A) tip of the nose 
B) outer ear 
C) intervertebral disks of the backbone 
D) knee cap 
E) larynx

Question 11

The glands of vertebrates are derived from ________ epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A) invaginated 
B) stratified 
C) endocrine 
D) scarified 
E) keratinized 
A) invaginated 
B) stratified 
C) endocrine 
D) scarified 
E) keratinized

Question 12

Vertebrate locomotion results from the contraction of muscles anchored to what other tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) bone 
B) an exoskeleton 
C) each other 
D) nerves 
E) the plasma membrane 
A) bone 
B) an exoskeleton 
C) each other 
D) nerves 
E) the plasma membrane

Question 13

Dogs use panting to dissipate excess heat.What part of their brain detects the need for this response and sends the signal to pant?

Accepted Answer

A) hippocampus 
B) prefrontal cortex 
C) amygdala 
D) hypothalamus 
A) hippocampus 
B) prefrontal cortex 
C) amygdala 
D) hypothalamus

Question 14

A recovering stroke patient complained about strange smells in his room,but no cause could be found.The doctor diagnosed this as phantosmia,or olfactory hallucination,and said it was likely due to stroke-related damage to which tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) nervous system 
B) olfactory receptors 
C) sensory systems 
D) nodes of Ranvier 
A) nervous system 
B) olfactory receptors 
C) sensory systems 
D) nodes of Ranvier

Question 15

Low body temperature triggers adaptive responses to conserve heat.Once the integrating center detects that body temperature has risen,it will decrease these responses.What does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

A) adaptation 
B) negative feedback 
C) positive feedback 
D) acclimatization 
A) adaptation 
B) negative feedback 
C) positive feedback 
D) acclimatization

Question 16

Controversy surrounds the use of zinc-containing nasal sprays as a cold remedy,since they have been associated with anosmia (loss of smell).If true,this is likely due to the sprays damaging which tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) nervous system 
B) osmic nerve 
C) sensory systems 
D) neuroglial system 
A) nervous system 
B) osmic nerve 
C) sensory systems 
D) neuroglial system

Question 17

Of which materials is cartilage composed?

Accepted Answer

A) glycoproteins and calcium phosphate 
B) glycoproteins and collagen fibers 
C) collagen fibers and osteocytes 
D) osteocytes and glycoproteins 
E) osteocytes and calcium phosphate 
A) glycoproteins and calcium phosphate 
B) glycoproteins and collagen fibers 
C) collagen fibers and osteocytes 
D) osteocytes and glycoproteins 
E) osteocytes and calcium phosphate

Question 18

Damage to the integument may trigger action by cells of which system?

Accepted Answer

A) reproductive system 
B) immune system 
C) endocrine system 
D) muscular system 
A) reproductive system 
B) immune system 
C) endocrine system 
D) muscular system

Question 19

Your professor asks you to explain the difference between a tendon and a ligament.How do you answer?

Accepted Answer

A) Tendons secure muscles to other muscles and ligaments secure bones to other bones. 
B) Tendons and ligaments have the same function but are found in different areas of the body. 
C) Tendons secure muscles to bones and ligaments secure muscles to other muscles. 
D) Tendons are just enlarged ligaments. 
E) Tendons secure muscles to bones and ligaments secure bones to other bones. 
A) Tendons secure muscles to other muscles and ligaments secure bones to other bones. 
B) Tendons and ligaments have the same function but are found in different areas of the body. 
C) Tendons secure muscles to bones and ligaments secure muscles to other muscles. 
D) Tendons are just enlarged ligaments. 
E) Tendons secure muscles to bones and ligaments secure bones to other bones.

Question 20

What is the approximate Q10 value for most enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)2 
B) 2 
C) 5 
D) 10 
E) 20 
A) 0)2 
B) 2 
C) 5 
D) 10 
E) 20

Exam 41: The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

Which term refers to muscles that are attached to bones,and cause bones to move at their joints when they contract?

Muscles can carry out their unique motor function because they are the only cells which contain actin and myosin.

Which of the following statements about bone and its structure is NOT correct?

What structure do myelin sheaths form along?

Connective tissue includes adipose tissue,tendons,bone,cartilage,and blood.What do all these tissues have in common?

Why do some bread recipes suggest letting the dough rise in a warm place after kneading?

In your Ph.D.research,you use thin slices of brain tissue to study neuronal signaling.You attach an electrode to a single neuron,but cannot detect any activity.What is the most likely explanation?

Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix?

If at the last minute the pitcher decides to throw a curveball,which tissue responds first?

In humans,which of these structures is not made of cartilage?

The glands of vertebrates are derived from ________ epithelium.

Vertebrate locomotion results from the contraction of muscles anchored to what other tissue?

Dogs use panting to dissipate excess heat.What part of their brain detects the need for this response and sends the signal to pant?

A recovering stroke patient complained about strange smells in his room,but no cause could be found.The doctor diagnosed this as phantosmia,or olfactory hallucination,and said it was likely due to stroke-related damage to which tissue?

Low body temperature triggers adaptive responses to conserve heat.Once the integrating center detects that body temperature has risen,it will decrease these responses.What does this exemplify?

Controversy surrounds the use of zinc-containing nasal sprays as a cold remedy,since they have been associated with anosmia (loss of smell).If true,this is likely due to the sprays damaging which tissue?

Of which materials is cartilage composed?

Damage to the integument may trigger action by cells of which system?

Your professor asks you to explain the difference between a tendon and a ligament.How do you answer?

What is the approximate Q10 value for most enzymes?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, mapping, and the Meiosisinheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics,phylogenies,and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Impacts

Conservation Biology

Filters

What is the approximate Q₁₀ value for most enzymes?