Question 1

What are plants that flower only once before they die,normally after two seasons of growth,called?

Accepted Answer

A) annuals 
B) biennials 
C) perennials 
D) monocots 
E) dicots 
A) annuals 
B) biennials 
C) perennials 
D) monocots 
E) dicots B

Question 2

Which of the following statements about plant tissue culture is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Virus-free crop species can be propagated by culturing meristems. 
B) Individual cells can give rise to whole plants through tissue cultures. 
C) Synthetic hormones can be used to selectively promote root or shoot formation. 
D) Callus tissue can only form roots,not shoots. 
E) A callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells. 
A) Virus-free crop species can be propagated by culturing meristems. 
B) Individual cells can give rise to whole plants through tissue cultures. 
C) Synthetic hormones can be used to selectively promote root or shoot formation. 
D) Callus tissue can only form roots,not shoots. 
E) A callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells. D

Question 3

Flowering can be regulated by light,temperature,gibberellin levels,or internal factors.What do all of these different flowering pathways have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) All four pathways result in a decrease in LEAFY (LFY)expression,which induces flowering. 
B) All four pathways result in an increase in CONSTANS (CO)expression,which induces flowering. 
C) All four pathways result in an increase in LEAFY (LFY)expression,which induces flowering. 
D) All four pathways result in a decrease in CONSTANS (CO)expression,which induces flowering. 
A) All four pathways result in a decrease in LEAFY (LFY)expression,which induces flowering. 
B) All four pathways result in an increase in CONSTANS (CO)expression,which induces flowering. 
C) All four pathways result in an increase in LEAFY (LFY)expression,which induces flowering. 
D) All four pathways result in a decrease in CONSTANS (CO)expression,which induces flowering. C

Question 4

Which part of the seed produces hydrolytic enzymes that break down the starchy endosperm during seed germination?

Accepted Answer

A) scutellum 
B) amyloplasts 
C) aleurone layer 
D) plumule 
E) coleorhiza 
A) scutellum 
B) amyloplasts 
C) aleurone layer 
D) plumule 
E) coleorhiza

Question 5

Browsing through a seed catalog,you are tempted to order several beautiful floral varieties,but worry that you will spend too much on your garden every year.Which plants should you buy?

Accepted Answer

A) herbaceous perennials,which will come back year after year 
B) woody perennials,which require little space and few resources 
C) annuals,which will come back year after year 
D) biennials,which will last twenty years before they die 
A) herbaceous perennials,which will come back year after year 
B) woody perennials,which require little space and few resources 
C) annuals,which will come back year after year 
D) biennials,which will last twenty years before they die

Question 6

In a wind-pollinated species,which of these floral parts is likely to be inconspicuous or absent?

Accepted Answer

A) receptacle 
B) stamens 
C) pistils 
D) petals 
E) stigmas 
A) receptacle 
B) stamens 
C) pistils 
D) petals 
E) stigmas

Question 7

In the ABC model of floral determination,a different combination of the three genes specifies each floral organ.Which gene works in combination with the other two?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) florigen 
E) ethylene 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) florigen 
E) ethylene

Question 8

Thanks to a novel recessive mutation,a certain plant species has begun to invade colder Arctic regions outside of its normal range.However,this cold-tolerant mutation has not yet become fixed in the population.A second mutation arises that promotes self-pollination.Do you predict that the self-pollination allele will be selected for in the Arctic regions? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes.The self-pollinated plant is more likely to maintain the cold-tolerant mutation,and plants in the Arctic are unlikely to be visited by pollinators. 
B) No.Outcrossing is always beneficial,since it enhances genetic diversity. 
C) No.Plants that produce flowers must be cross-pollinated for proper seed development. 
D) Cannot make a prediction from the information given.It depends on whether the plant is normally insect-pollinated or wind-pollinated. 
A) Yes.The self-pollinated plant is more likely to maintain the cold-tolerant mutation,and plants in the Arctic are unlikely to be visited by pollinators. 
B) No.Outcrossing is always beneficial,since it enhances genetic diversity. 
C) No.Plants that produce flowers must be cross-pollinated for proper seed development. 
D) Cannot make a prediction from the information given.It depends on whether the plant is normally insect-pollinated or wind-pollinated.

Question 9

Which of the following events is not a characteristic of successful seed germination?

Accepted Answer

A) The radicle breaks through the seed coat. 
B) The shoot becomes photosynthetic. 
C) The embryo becomes desiccated. 
D) New growth occurs at the meristems. 
E) The seedling orients itself relative to gravity. 
A) The radicle breaks through the seed coat. 
B) The shoot becomes photosynthetic. 
C) The embryo becomes desiccated. 
D) New growth occurs at the meristems. 
E) The seedling orients itself relative to gravity.

Question 10

The HOBBIT gene in an embryo helps to control the development of what structure?

Accepted Answer

A) cotyledon 
B) endosperm 
C) root 
D) epicotyl 
E) root hair 
A) cotyledon 
B) endosperm 
C) root 
D) epicotyl 
E) root hair

Question 11

Which structure can still develop normally in an embryo with mutations in both the SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (stm)gene and the HOBBIT gene?

Accepted Answer

A) root cap 
B) shoot apical meristem 
C) root apical meristem 
D) leaf primordia 
E) cotyledons 
A) root cap 
B) shoot apical meristem 
C) root apical meristem 
D) leaf primordia 
E) cotyledons

Question 12

At a certain point in the flowering process,shoots become committed to making a flower.This is called

Accepted Answer

A) apomixis. 
B) bilateralism. 
C) phase change. 
D) competence. 
E) floral determination. 
A) apomixis. 
B) bilateralism. 
C) phase change. 
D) competence. 
E) floral determination.

Question 13

Which of these characteristics would most likely discourage self-pollination in a flower with both stamens and pistils?

Accepted Answer

A) many more stamens than pistils 
B) long pistils and short stamens 
C) long stamens and short pistils 
D) wind pollination 
E) determinant plants 
A) many more stamens than pistils 
B) long pistils and short stamens 
C) long stamens and short pistils 
D) wind pollination 
E) determinant plants

Question 14

Which step is not involved in the fertilization of angiosperm flowers?

Accepted Answer

A) Pollen is transported to a stigma of a flower. 
B) When pollen reaches the stigma of a flower,it begins to grow a pollen tube that pierces the style. 
C) The style of the pistil contracts to bring the sperm closer to the embryo sac. 
D) The pollen tube grows until it reaches the ovule in the ovary. 
E) Double fertilization produces an embryo and the endosperm. 
A) Pollen is transported to a stigma of a flower. 
B) When pollen reaches the stigma of a flower,it begins to grow a pollen tube that pierces the style. 
C) The style of the pistil contracts to bring the sperm closer to the embryo sac. 
D) The pollen tube grows until it reaches the ovule in the ovary. 
E) Double fertilization produces an embryo and the endosperm.

Question 15

Some flowers have distinctive patterns that only reflect ultraviolet light and therefore are invisible to humans.Which statement about such markings is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The ultraviolet patterns are highly visible and attractive to bees. 
B) Carotenoid pigments are responsible for the ultraviolet patterns. 
C) The ultraviolet patterns often form a conspicuous central bull's eye or identify the best landing sites. 
D) The ultraviolet patterns repel birds and bats from the flowers. 
E) Flowers with ultraviolet patterns usually appear yellow or orange to humans. 
A) The ultraviolet patterns are highly visible and attractive to bees. 
B) Carotenoid pigments are responsible for the ultraviolet patterns. 
C) The ultraviolet patterns often form a conspicuous central bull's eye or identify the best landing sites. 
D) The ultraviolet patterns repel birds and bats from the flowers. 
E) Flowers with ultraviolet patterns usually appear yellow or orange to humans.

Question 16

At the Beautiful Mutants Flower Shop,a variety of unique mutant plants are sold.What would be the best flower to give to a friend who is allergic to pollen?

Accepted Answer

A) "Superhunk" -- a plant with a mutation in the class A genes. 
B) "Beautiful Innocence" -- a plant with a mutation in the class C genes. 
C) "Clockface" -- a plant with a mutation in the CYCLOIDEA gene. 
D) "Suspense" -- a plant with a mutation in the LEAFY gene. 
A) "Superhunk" -- a plant with a mutation in the class A genes. 
B) "Beautiful Innocence" -- a plant with a mutation in the class C genes. 
C) "Clockface" -- a plant with a mutation in the CYCLOIDEA gene. 
D) "Suspense" -- a plant with a mutation in the LEAFY gene.

Question 17

What is the best description of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the ovary,which becomes the fruit. 
B) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei,which forms the endosperm. 
C) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei,which forms the seed coat. 
D) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm produces the pollen tube. 
E) One pollen grain fertilizes the embryo sac; the other sperm fertilizes the pollen grain. 
A) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the ovary,which becomes the fruit. 
B) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei,which forms the endosperm. 
C) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei,which forms the seed coat. 
D) One sperm fertilizes the egg,which develops into the embryo; the other sperm produces the pollen tube. 
E) One pollen grain fertilizes the embryo sac; the other sperm fertilizes the pollen grain.

Question 18

Ovules develop within the ovary,which is located in the swollen lower portion of which floral organ?

Accepted Answer

A) anther 
B) stamen 
C) filament 
D) stigma 
E) pistil 
A) anther 
B) stamen 
C) filament 
D) stigma 
E) pistil

Question 19

Stratification refers to the extended exposure to ________ that is required for some seeds to germinate.

Accepted Answer

A) long wavelengths of light 
B) low temperatures 
C) high relative humidity 
D) short daylengths 
E) clay soil particles 
A) long wavelengths of light 
B) low temperatures 
C) high relative humidity 
D) short daylengths 
E) clay soil particles

Question 20

Which of the following is not a floral structure?

Accepted Answer

A) endosperm 
B) calyx 
C) corolla 
D) stigma 
E) style 
A) endosperm 
B) calyx 
C) corolla 
D) stigma 
E) style

Exam 40: Plant Reproduction

What are plants that flower only once before they die,normally after two seasons of growth,called?

Which of the following statements about plant tissue culture is false?

Flowering can be regulated by light,temperature,gibberellin levels,or internal factors.What do all of these different flowering pathways have in common?

Which part of the seed produces hydrolytic enzymes that break down the starchy endosperm during seed germination?

Browsing through a seed catalog,you are tempted to order several beautiful floral varieties,but worry that you will spend too much on your garden every year.Which plants should you buy?

In a wind-pollinated species,which of these floral parts is likely to be inconspicuous or absent?

In the ABC model of floral determination,a different combination of the three genes specifies each floral organ.Which gene works in combination with the other two?

Which of the following events is not a characteristic of successful seed germination?

The HOBBIT gene in an embryo helps to control the development of what structure?

Which structure can still develop normally in an embryo with mutations in both the SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (stm)gene and the HOBBIT gene?

At a certain point in the flowering process,shoots become committed to making a flower.This is called

Which of these characteristics would most likely discourage self-pollination in a flower with both stamens and pistils?

Which step is not involved in the fertilization of angiosperm flowers?

Some flowers have distinctive patterns that only reflect ultraviolet light and therefore are invisible to humans.Which statement about such markings is not correct?

At the Beautiful Mutants Flower Shop,a variety of unique mutant plants are sold.What would be the best flower to give to a friend who is allergic to pollen?

What is the best description of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Ovules develop within the ovary,which is located in the swollen lower portion of which floral organ?

Stratification refers to the extended exposure to ________ that is required for some seeds to germinate.

Which of the following is not a floral structure?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, mapping, and the Meiosisinheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics,phylogenies,and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Impacts

Conservation Biology

Filters