Exam 17: Biotechnology

The ________ from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering involving crop plant genes.

Small circular,extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as ________.

A certain wastewater treatment plant uses aerobic bacteria,anaerobic bacteria,and archaebacteria during secondary treatment of sewage.Unfortunately,during a bad blizzard the aerated tanks froze,killing the microbes inside.What is likely to result?

You are the scientific consultant for a television show about forensic analysis.In an upcoming episode,investigators will compare the DNA of a suspect and a DNA sample collected from the victim's fingernails.You are to write up a brief explanation of the technique required for comparing the DNA.Which technique should you explain?

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

The PCR technique requires a DNA polymerase from an organism that can endure high heat,such as Thermus aquaticus.What step of the protocol makes the heat-stability most necessary?

Investigators have found a new species bacteria that lives under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.They hypothesize that different genes are expressed in each condition.What experiment could test this hypothesis and identify important genes?

Prior to using PCR to introduce mutations into DNA in vitro,what was a common method of mutagenesis used by scientists?

Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called ________ ends.

An immunoassay was developed to rapidly diagnose patients infected with an emerging virus.However,the researchers discovered that some individuals were producing false negatives when tested,despite being infected with the virus.What might explain this?

You want to insert your favorite gene,which has been digested with Ncol endonuclease on both ends,into a vector.Ncol recognizes the DNA sequence C*CATGG.The vector you want to use contains many endonuclease recognition sites,but does not include an Ncol site.Which restriction endonuclease would be the most suitable replacement to digest the vector?

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

A medical researcher is trying to develop a diagnostic technique for a disease which is characterized by replication of a particular chromosomal region.What would be the most appropriate technique?

A key difference between transforming plant cells and human cells is

A commercially significant human protein now produced in bacteria is

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other.They can be joined together

Imagine that a very unusual animal species had the ability to make its own aromatic amino acids using a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP)synthase enzyme similar to that of plants.What would happen if this animal foraged in a field of glyphosate-resistant plants?

Which components are required in plasmids? (check all that apply)

All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except

The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the ________ fate of organisms.