Exam 10: How Cells Divide

You are studying cell cycle progression in an early frog embryo.If you were to inject a protein synthesis inhibitor into a cell during S phase,where do you predict that the cells would arrest?

Before cell division of somatic cells,each chromosome must be replicated.After replication,the resulting two parts of each chromosome are held together by cohesin at the centromere.These two parts are referred to as:

A cell biologist produces a karyotype of mouse somatic cells arrested in mitosis.She sees 40 chromosomes,which is completely normal for mice.Based on this information,what is the haploid number of chromosomes for mice?

During this stage of mitosis,the nuclear envelope begins to break down and the spindle begins to form.

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and as a result:

If a cell was capable of bypassing metaphase and going directly from prometaphase to anaphase,what is the most likely consequence of this?

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the step of forming chromatin loops.If you are unable to resolve this problem,what step of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

Plant cells typically achieve cytokinesis by:

This stage of mitosis is characterized by the disassembly of spindle apparatus,the reestablishment of the nuclear membrane,and the decondensation of the chromosomes:

If a cell contained a mutation in the gene that encodes FtsZ,which process would be affected?

During this stage of mitosis,the chromosomes become attached to the spindle at their kinetochores.

If a drug that inhibited transport from the trans face of the Golgi was applied to plant cells,which stage of the cell cycle would be directly affected?

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF)in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G₁ arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

The portion of the cell cycle when the cell is growing and does not contain a replicated genome is referred to as:

This stage of the cell cycle is characterized by growth and it contains a checkpoint to verify that all of the DNA has been replicated prior to mitosis.

You are conducting a genetic screen using Caenorhabditis elegans embryos to isolate mutations affecting anaphase (A).Therefore,you need to look for embryos in which

Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a complex of 60% protein and 40% DNA.This complex is referred to as:

You are leading a team of researchers at a pharmaceutical company.Your goal is to design drugs that help fight cancer.Specifically,you want to focus on drugs that bind to and inactivate certain proteins,thereby halting cell cycle progression.One of your team members suggests targeting the retinoblastoma (Rb)protein and inhibiting this protein.Will this approach be successful? Why or why not?

If you were to think of the cell as a car,and mitosis as a process that drives that car to go,what would be a good analogy for a cell that has a mutation in both copies of a tumor-suppressor gene?

Why is it so important that all of the chromosomes align on the metaphase plate during metaphase?