Question 1

Which metabolite of hemoglobin imparts the yellowish tinge found in plasma and in the condition of jaundice?

Accepted Answer

A) bile 
B) transferring 
C) bilirubin 
D) biliverdin 
E) ferritin 
A) bile 
B) transferring 
C) bilirubin 
D) biliverdin 
E) ferritin

Question 2

Erythrocytes have no nucleus or organelles. Therefore, the lifespan is short. Describe the lifecycle of erythrocytes.

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes are produced by the bone ma

Question 3

Erythrocytes are synthesized in what organ and under the control of what chemical?

Accepted Answer

A) liver, under control of bilirubin 
B) bone marrow, under control of bilirubin 
C) liver, under control of erythropoietin 
D) bone marrow, under control of erythropoietin 
E) kidney, under control of transferrin 
A) liver, under control of bilirubin 
B) bone marrow, under control of bilirubin 
C) liver, under control of erythropoietin 
D) bone marrow, under control of erythropoietin 
E) kidney, under control of transferrin

Question 4

In healthy endothelial cells, arachidonic acid is converted to , which _ formation of blood clots.

Accepted Answer

A) thromboxane A2 : stimulates 
B) prostacyclin : inhibits 
C) prostacyclin : stimulates 
D) thromboxane A2 : inhibits 
E) nitric oxide : inhibits 
A) thromboxane A2 : stimulates 
B) prostacyclin : inhibits 
C) prostacyclin : stimulates 
D) thromboxane A2 : inhibits 
E) nitric oxide : inhibits

Question 5

Calcium is required for formation of a blood clot.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What cell type is the last stage of erythrocyte production prior to development of a mature erythrocyte?

Accepted Answer

A) myeloid stem cell 
B) monocyte 
C) lymphoid stem cell 
D) reticulocyte 
E) megakaryocyte 
A) myeloid stem cell 
B) monocyte 
C) lymphoid stem cell 
D) reticulocyte 
E) megakaryocyte

Question 7

Which chemical forms the meshwork of the blood clot?

Accepted Answer

A) thromboxane A2 
B) thrombin 
C) von Willebrand factor 
D) fibrin 
E) arachidonic acid 
A) thromboxane A2 
B) thrombin 
C) von Willebrand factor 
D) fibrin 
E) arachidonic acid

Question 8

Platelets become sticky when exposed to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) prostacyclin 
B) von Willebrand factor 
C) serotonin 
D) thrombin 
E) fibrin 
A) prostacyclin 
B) von Willebrand factor 
C) serotonin 
D) thrombin 
E) fibrin

Question 9

Which of the following statements is NOT accurate with respect to erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) They lack mitochondria. 
B) They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. 
C) They lack nuclei. 
D) They transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
E) They migrate into infected regions of tissue. 
A) They lack mitochondria. 
B) They contain large amounts of hemoglobin. 
C) They lack nuclei. 
D) They transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
E) They migrate into infected regions of tissue.

Question 10

You're looking at your patient's complete blood count (CBC)and notice that he has a normal hematocrit but low hemoglobin. What is the most likely cause for this result?

Accepted Answer

A) iron- deficiency anemia 
B) renal anemia 
C) aplastic anemia 
D) hemolytic anemia 
E) hemorrhagic anemia 
A) iron- deficiency anemia 
B) renal anemia 
C) aplastic anemia 
D) hemolytic anemia 
E) hemorrhagic anemia

Question 11

Formation of a platelet plug is initiated by binding to .

Accepted Answer

A) ADP : platelets 
B) von Willebrand factor : collagen 
C) arachidonic acid : collagen 
D) thrombin : platelets 
E) fibrin : erythrocytes 
A) ADP : platelets 
B) von Willebrand factor : collagen 
C) arachidonic acid : collagen 
D) thrombin : platelets 
E) fibrin : erythrocytes

Question 12

What type of leukocyte secretes heparin?

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophils 
B) basophils 
C) lymphocyte 
D) eosinophils 
E) monocytes 
A) neutrophils 
B) basophils 
C) lymphocyte 
D) eosinophils 
E) monocytes

Question 13

What converts fibrinogen to fibrin?

Accepted Answer

A) arachidonic acid 
B) von Willebrand factor 
C) plasmin 
D) prostacyclin 
E) thrombin 
A) arachidonic acid 
B) von Willebrand factor 
C) plasmin 
D) prostacyclin 
E) thrombin

Question 14

Carbonic acid reversibly dissociates to form what two products, without the need of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide and bicarbonate 
B) water and bicarbonate 
C) bicarbonate and hydrogen ion 
D) water and carbon dioxide 
E) water and hydrogen ion 
A) carbon dioxide and bicarbonate 
B) water and bicarbonate 
C) bicarbonate and hydrogen ion 
D) water and carbon dioxide 
E) water and hydrogen ion

Question 15

An increase in plasma levels of causes a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This condition is called _ .

Accepted Answer

A) biliverdin : jaundice 
B) bilirubin : hemostasis 
C) bilirubin : jaundice 
D) bile : pernicious anemia 
E) bilirubin : renal anemia 
A) biliverdin : jaundice 
B) bilirubin : hemostasis 
C) bilirubin : jaundice 
D) bile : pernicious anemia 
E) bilirubin : renal anemia

Question 16

What cytosolic protein gives the membrane of erythrocytes its flexibility?

Accepted Answer

A) fibrin 
B) fibrinogen 
C) heme group 
D) globin 
E) spectrin 
A) fibrin 
B) fibrinogen 
C) heme group 
D) globin 
E) spectrin

Question 17

Which statement below best describes why diabetics are two times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than non- diabetics?

Accepted Answer

A) Diabetics tend to be obese and, therefore, cannot get enough aerobic exercise. 
B) Diabetes promotes bacterial infections which will eventually destroy the heart. 
C) Diabetes leads to heart disease because of the side effects of insulin on the cardiovascular system. 
D) Diabetics must take insulin and, therefore, their blood glucose levels fluctuate causing tremendous stress on all systems of their bodies. 
E) Diabetes leads to high cholesterol levels and, therefore, atherosclerosis. 
A) Diabetics tend to be obese and, therefore, cannot get enough aerobic exercise. 
B) Diabetes promotes bacterial infections which will eventually destroy the heart. 
C) Diabetes leads to heart disease because of the side effects of insulin on the cardiovascular system. 
D) Diabetics must take insulin and, therefore, their blood glucose levels fluctuate causing tremendous stress on all systems of their bodies. 
E) Diabetes leads to high cholesterol levels and, therefore, atherosclerosis.

Question 18

Which white blood cell is a phagocyte that also releases toxins from its cytoplasmic granules?

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophil 
B) eosinophil 
C) lymphocyte 
D) monocyte 
E) basophil 
A) neutrophil 
B) eosinophil 
C) lymphocyte 
D) monocyte 
E) basophil

Question 19

Thrombin is activated by factor X.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The enzyme catalyzes the reversible reaction whereby carbon dioxide and water are converted to .

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolase : carbonase 
B) carboxypeptidase : carbonic acid 
C) prostacyclin : protein C 
D) carboxypeptidase : acidic acid 
E) carbonic anhydrase : carbonic acid 
A) hydrolase : carbonase 
B) carboxypeptidase : carbonic acid 
C) prostacyclin : protein C 
D) carboxypeptidase : acidic acid 
E) carbonic anhydrase : carbonic acid

Exam 15: The Cardiovascular System: Blood

Which metabolite of hemoglobin imparts the yellowish tinge found in plasma and in the condition of jaundice?

Erythrocytes have no nucleus or organelles. Therefore, the lifespan is short. Describe the lifecycle of erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes are synthesized in what organ and under the control of what chemical?

In healthy endothelial cells, arachidonic acid is converted to , which _ formation of blood clots.

Calcium is required for formation of a blood clot.

What cell type is the last stage of erythrocyte production prior to development of a mature erythrocyte?

Which chemical forms the meshwork of the blood clot?

Platelets become sticky when exposed to which of the following?

Which of the following statements is NOT accurate with respect to erythrocytes?

You're looking at your patient's complete blood count (CBC)and notice that he has a normal hematocrit but low hemoglobin. What is the most likely cause for this result?

Formation of a platelet plug is initiated by binding to .

What type of leukocyte secretes heparin?

What converts fibrinogen to fibrin?

Carbonic acid reversibly dissociates to form what two products, without the need of an enzyme?

An increase in plasma levels of causes a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This condition is called _ .

What cytosolic protein gives the membrane of erythrocytes its flexibility?

Which statement below best describes why diabetics are two times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than non- diabetics?

Which white blood cell is a phagocyte that also releases toxins from its cytoplasmic granules?

Thrombin is activated by factor X.

The enzyme catalyzes the reversible reaction whereby carbon dioxide and water are converted to .

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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