Exam 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

What happens if twice as many inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) as excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) arrive in close proximity at a postsynaptic neuron?

Refer to the following graph of an action potential to answer the question. The minimum graded depolarization needed to operate the voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels is indicated by the label ________.

What would probably happen if a long neuron had one continuous myelin sheath down the length of the axon with no nodes of Ranvier?

Which of the following statements about action potentials is correct?

In a resting potential, an example of a cation that is more abundant as a solute in the cytosol of a neuron than it is in the interstitial fluid outside the neuron is ________.

The activity of acetylcholine in a synapse is terminated by its ________.

The "undershoot" phase of hyperpolarization is due to ________.

An example of ligand-gated ion channels is ________.

The "threshold" potential of a membrane is the ________.

One-way synaptic transmission occurs because ________.

Which of the following ions is most likely to cross the plasma membrane of a resting neuron?

Refer to the following graph of an action potential to answer the question. The neuronal membrane is at its resting potential at label ________.

Opening all of the sodium channels on an otherwise typical neuron, with all other ion channels closed (which is an admittedly artificial setting), should move its membrane potential to ________.

Although the membrane of a "resting" neuron is highly permeable to potassium ions, its membrane potential does not exactly match the equilibrium potential for potassium because the neuronal membrane is also ________.

If you experimentally increase the concentration of Na⁺ outside a cell while maintaining other ion concentrations as they were, what would happen to the cell's membrane potential?

A common feature of action potentials is that they

The Nernst equation specifies the equilibrium potential for a particular ion. This equilibrium potential is a function of ________.

The membrane potential in which there is no net movement of the ion across the membrane is called the ________.

Pyrethroid insecticides prevent the voltage-gated sodium channels of insects from inactivating. Neurons that were exposed to pyrethroids would ________.

Where are neurotransmitter receptors located?