Question 1

Which reaction has X and Y as reactants?

Accepted Answer

A)  XY + W - WY + X 
B)  XY + AB - XB + AY 
C)  XY -X + Y 
D)  X + Y - XY 
E)  X + YZ - Y + XZ 
A)  XY + W - WY + X 
B)  XY + AB - XB + AY 
C)  XY -X + Y 
D)  X + Y - XY 
E)  X + YZ - Y + XZ

Question 2

Which of the following is an organic compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide (CO2) 
B)  methane (CH4) 
C)  ethanol (C2H6O) 
D)  carbon dioxide (CO2), ethanol (C2H6O), and methane (CH4) 
E)  ethanol (C2H6O) and methane (CH4) 
A)  carbon dioxide (CO2) 
B)  methane (CH4) 
C)  ethanol (C2H6O) 
D)  carbon dioxide (CO2), ethanol (C2H6O), and methane (CH4) 
E)  ethanol (C2H6O) and methane (CH4)

Question 3

The primary structure of a protein

Accepted Answer

A)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds and is dictated by genetic sequence. 
B)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds and is dictated by genetic sequence and is unique to that protein and lays the foundation for all higher order structure of that protein. 
C)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds. 
D)  is unique to that protein and lays the foundation for all higher order structure of that protein. 
E)  is dictated by a genetic sequence. 
A)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds and is dictated by genetic sequence. 
B)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds and is dictated by genetic sequence and is unique to that protein and lays the foundation for all higher order structure of that protein. 
C)  is the linear sequence of amino acids which are held together by peptide bonds. 
D)  is unique to that protein and lays the foundation for all higher order structure of that protein. 
E)  is dictated by a genetic sequence.

Question 4

Which of the following shows an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 5

An anion is formed when

Accepted Answer

A)  an atom loses one or more positively- charged protons. 
B)  an atom gains one or more negatively- charged electrons. 
C)  an atom loses one or more negatively- charged electrons. 
D)  an atom has an equal number of positively- charged protons and negatively- charged electrons. 
E)  an atom gains one or more positively- charged protons. 
A)  an atom loses one or more positively- charged protons. 
B)  an atom gains one or more negatively- charged electrons. 
C)  an atom loses one or more negatively- charged electrons. 
D)  an atom has an equal number of positively- charged protons and negatively- charged electrons. 
E)  an atom gains one or more positively- charged protons.

Question 6

A reversible reaction is one in which the forward and reversible reactions are both possible such as: AB -A + B and A + B -AB.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Ionic bonds

Accepted Answer

A)  form when electrons are transferred from atom to another. 
B)  are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. 
C)  only exist as ions in solution. 
D)  form when electrons are transferred from atom to another and only exist as ions in solution. 
E)  are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions and form when electrons are transferred from atom to another. 
A)  form when electrons are transferred from atom to another. 
B)  are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. 
C)  only exist as ions in solution. 
D)  form when electrons are transferred from atom to another and only exist as ions in solution. 
E)  are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions and form when electrons are transferred from atom to another.

Question 8

In the figure shown, which atom(s) will have a partial negative charge?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen and oxygen 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  hydrogen and oxygen 
D)  oxygen 
E)  nitrogen 
A)  nitrogen and oxygen 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  hydrogen and oxygen 
D)  oxygen 
E)  nitrogen

Question 9

Van der Waals interactions

Accepted Answer

A)  are responsible for the repulsion between hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. 
B)  exhibit a force of repulsion that serves to destabilize molecules. 
C)  are another name for hydrogen bonds. 
D)  occur when temporary dipoles within molecules form that are not the result of hydrogen bond to O, N, or F atoms. 
E)  are stronger than either hydrogen bonds or ionic bonds. 
A)  are responsible for the repulsion between hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. 
B)  exhibit a force of repulsion that serves to destabilize molecules. 
C)  are another name for hydrogen bonds. 
D)  occur when temporary dipoles within molecules form that are not the result of hydrogen bond to O, N, or F atoms. 
E)  are stronger than either hydrogen bonds or ionic bonds.

Question 10

Which functional group is incorrectly matched with its structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  ether: R- CH3 
B)  amino: R- NH2 
C)  phosphate: R- PO42- 
D)  carboxyl: R- COOH 
E)  alcohol: R- OH 
A)  ether: R- CH3 
B)  amino: R- NH2 
C)  phosphate: R- PO42- 
D)  carboxyl: R- COOH 
E)  alcohol: R- OH

Question 11

Which type of lipid is incorrectly matched to its description?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mono- , di- , or triglyceride: One, two, or three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule 
B)  Steroid: Made of four fused hydrocarbon rings 
C)  Phospholipid: An amphipathic lipid found in the plasma membrane of cells 
D)  Wax: Refers to any lipid which is solid at room temperature 
E)  Glycolipid: A lipid linked to a carbohydrate 
A)  Mono- , di- , or triglyceride: One, two, or three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule 
B)  Steroid: Made of four fused hydrocarbon rings 
C)  Phospholipid: An amphipathic lipid found in the plasma membrane of cells 
D)  Wax: Refers to any lipid which is solid at room temperature 
E)  Glycolipid: A lipid linked to a carbohydrate

Question 12

Plasma membranes, the key boundary layer of cells, are composed of amphipathic molecules called phospholipids. Why would neither purely hydrophilic nor purely hydrophobic molecules be a suitable molecule for plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrophilic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell. 
B)  Hydrophobic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell, while hydrophilic molecules could not interact. 
C)  Hydrophilic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell, and hydrophobic molecules would be unable to interact with the aqueous environment in which cells live. 
D)  Hydrophobic molecules would be unable to interact with the aqueous environment in which cells live. 
E)  Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell. 
A)  Hydrophilic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell. 
B)  Hydrophobic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell, while hydrophilic molecules could not interact. 
C)  Hydrophilic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell, and hydrophobic molecules would be unable to interact with the aqueous environment in which cells live. 
D)  Hydrophobic molecules would be unable to interact with the aqueous environment in which cells live. 
E)  Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules would dissolve in the aqueous environment in which cells live, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell.

Question 13

During vigorous exercise, both carbon dioxide and lactic acid enter the blood in increased amounts. Both compounds have the effect of lowering the blood pH. In order to maintain blood pH within the normal range of 7.35- 7.45, we would expect the carbonic acid (H2CO3) portion of the blood buffer system to pick up the extra H+ ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In a polar covalent bond involving hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen takes on a partial negative charge while the oxygen takes on a partial positive charge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which reaction is incorrectly matched with its name?

Accepted Answer

A)  Double exchange: AB + CD - AD + CB 
B)  Hydrolysis: A + B - AB + H2O 
C)  Synthesis: A + B - AB 
D)  Single exchange: AB + C - AC + B 
E)  Decomposition: AB - A + B 
A)  Double exchange: AB + CD - AD + CB 
B)  Hydrolysis: A + B - AB + H2O 
C)  Synthesis: A + B - AB 
D)  Single exchange: AB + C - AC + B 
E)  Decomposition: AB - A + B

Question 16

Deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides differ in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphodiester bonds can only form between deoxyribonucleotides, not ribonucleotides. 
B)  deoxyribonucleotides are found in DNA while ribonucleotides are found in RNA. 
C)  the sugar is different in the two types of nucleotides. 
D)  ribonucleotides can serve as energy molecules while deoxyribonucleotides do not. 
E)  the nitrogenous base thymine is only found in deoxyribonucleotides while the nitrogenous base uracil is only found in ribonucleotides. 
A)  phosphodiester bonds can only form between deoxyribonucleotides, not ribonucleotides. 
B)  deoxyribonucleotides are found in DNA while ribonucleotides are found in RNA. 
C)  the sugar is different in the two types of nucleotides. 
D)  ribonucleotides can serve as energy molecules while deoxyribonucleotides do not. 
E)  the nitrogenous base thymine is only found in deoxyribonucleotides while the nitrogenous base uracil is only found in ribonucleotides.

Question 17

Vitamin deficiencies (not getting enough of a certain vitamin) pose obvious health problems, but an excess of certain vitamins in the system can also be harmful. Explain why you would be far less likely to experience an excess of water- soluble vitamins compared to fat- soluble vitamins in the context of the characteristics of polar and nonpolar substances.

Accepted Answer

Water- soluble vitamins are polar molecu

Question 18

Which statement is true about valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Valence electrons participate in chemical reactions, and interactions between valence electrons in reacting atoms determine what kind of chemical bond is formed. 
B)  Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell. 
C)  Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell and participate in chemical reactions. 
D)  Valence electrons participate in chemical reactions. 
E)  Interactions between valence electrons in reacting atoms determine what kind of chemical bond is formed. 
A)  Valence electrons participate in chemical reactions, and interactions between valence electrons in reacting atoms determine what kind of chemical bond is formed. 
B)  Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell. 
C)  Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell and participate in chemical reactions. 
D)  Valence electrons participate in chemical reactions. 
E)  Interactions between valence electrons in reacting atoms determine what kind of chemical bond is formed.

Question 19

Consider the reaction AB - A + B. What is the product of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  AB 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B, and AB 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  AB 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B, and AB

Question 20

An atom is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  the smallest unit of an element. 
B)  defined by its number of electrons. 
C)  defined by its atomic mass. 
D)  always containing an equal number of protons and neutrons. 
E)  having a nucleus containing protons and electrons. 
A)  the smallest unit of an element. 
B)  defined by its number of electrons. 
C)  defined by its atomic mass. 
D)  always containing an equal number of protons and neutrons. 
E)  having a nucleus containing protons and electrons.

Which reaction has X and Y as reactants?

Which of the following is an organic compound?

The primary structure of a protein

Which of the following shows an ionic bond?

An anion is formed when

A reversible reaction is one in which the forward and reversible reactions are both possible such as: AB -A + B and A + B -AB.

Ionic bonds

In the figure shown, which atom(s) will have a partial negative charge?

Van der Waals interactions

Which functional group is incorrectly matched with its structure?

Which type of lipid is incorrectly matched to its description?

Plasma membranes, the key boundary layer of cells, are composed of amphipathic molecules called phospholipids. Why would neither purely hydrophilic nor purely hydrophobic molecules be a suitable molecule for plasma membranes?

In a polar covalent bond involving hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen takes on a partial negative charge while the oxygen takes on a partial positive charge.

Which reaction is incorrectly matched with its name?

Deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides differ in all of the following except

Which statement is true about valence electrons?

Consider the reaction AB - A + B. What is the product of this reaction?

An atom is best described as

Introduction to Microbiology

Introduction to Prokaryotic Cells

Introduction to Eukaryotic Cells

Genetics

Viruses and Prions

Fundamentals of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism

Principles of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

Host-Microbe Interactions and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immune System Disorders

Vaccines and Biotechnology-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Antimicrobial Drugs

Respiratory System Infections

Skin and Eye Infections

Nervous System Infections

Digestive System Infections

Urinary and Reproductive System Infections

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Infections

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Exam 2: Biochemistry Basics

Which reaction has X and Y as reactants?

Which of the following is an organic compound?

The primary structure of a protein

Which of the following shows an ionic bond?

An anion is formed when

A reversible reaction is one in which the forward and reversible reactions are both possible such as: AB -A + B and A + B -AB.

Ionic bonds

In the figure shown, which atom(s) will have a partial negative charge?

Van der Waals interactions

Which functional group is incorrectly matched with its structure?

Which type of lipid is incorrectly matched to its description?

Plasma membranes, the key boundary layer of cells, are composed of amphipathic molecules called phospholipids. Why would neither purely hydrophilic nor purely hydrophobic molecules be a suitable molecule for plasma membranes?

In a polar covalent bond involving hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen takes on a partial negative charge while the oxygen takes on a partial positive charge.

Which reaction is incorrectly matched with its name?

Deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides differ in all of the following except

Which statement is true about valence electrons?

Consider the reaction AB - A + B. What is the product of this reaction?

An atom is best described as

Introduction to Microbiology

Introduction to Prokaryotic Cells

Introduction to Eukaryotic Cells

Genetics

Viruses and Prions

Fundamentals of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism

Principles of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

Host-Microbe Interactions and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immune System Disorders

Vaccines and Biotechnology-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Antimicrobial Drugs

Respiratory System Infections

Skin and Eye Infections

Nervous System Infections

Digestive System Infections

Urinary and Reproductive System Infections

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Infections

Filters