Exam 5: Learning

What was the conditioned stimulus (CS) in the case of Little Albert?

On a variable interval schedule, reinforcement is given for the __________.

Any behavior that is voluntary is referred to as a(n) __________.

Learning that is not manifested until some later time is called __________.

Observational learning has been used to explain why children who watch violent television tend to behave more aggressively. Research has demonstrated that watching such television shows causes an increase in violent tendencies.

Little Jimmie's mother was upset to find that Jimmie had not picked up his building blocks after repeated requests to do so. The next morning, Jimmie found all his blocks had been picked up and put into a bag on top of the refrigerator. Jimmie's mother told him that he couldn't play with his blocks for the next 2 days. Which type of discipline did she use?

Under what circumstances will a reinforcer make the target response more likely to occur again?

What is the correct sequence of the four elements of observational learning?

Which learning theorist is responsible for the discovery of conditioned taste aversions based on his work giving sweetened liquid to rats and then inducing nausea in them?

Little Albert (Watson & Rayner, 1920) learned through classical conditioning to fear __________.

A child is wetting his or her bed. According to our text, punishing the child would be the best way to permanently stop this behavior. You would recommend that the child be given no food on the day after a bedwetting incident. This is because punishment is guaranteed to stop bad behaviors.

On a fixed interval schedule, reinforcement is given __________.

Putting on sunglasses to relieve glare is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about operant conditioning?

Seligman expanded his theory of learned helplessness to explain __________.

Ivan Pavlov, who is credited with discovering classical conditioning, was a __________.

Wyatt is afraid of spiders. He won't even watch a nature show on TV about them. When he sees a picture of a spider, he has a panic attack, but when he avoids looking at the image, his panic goes away. Wyatt's avoidance of spiders is being __________.

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

Louis, a luxury car dealer, is paid by commission. For every car Louis sells, he gets 10 percent of the profits. Louis is being reinforced on a __________ schedule.

The fact that a reward will increase the future likelihood of a response that produced it is known as the __________.