Exam 5: Learning

You decide that you are going to condition your dog, Neville, to salivate to the sound of a metronome. You give Neville a biscuit, and then a second later you sound the metronome. You do this several times, but no conditioning seems to occur. This is probably because __________.

In classical conditioning, when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response, the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a(n) __________ stimulus.

Thorndike was known for his work with ________.

What kind of reinforcement is used if Emilia's parents give her $10 every time she accumulates six A's on her tests?

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is __________ and thus __________ the probability of a response.

New learning that works in the opposite direction from the original learning results in __________.

Taylor works in the psychology department's rat lab. In her studies, she found that many of her lab rats would develop a conditioned taste aversion to certain foods after as little as one trial. Taylor's psychology professor refers to this as a classic example of __________.

When someone uses punishment to change a behavior, the behavior is likely to __________.

Which of the following types of brain imaging techniques does your text note can be used for neurofeedback data collection?

Olivia noticed that whenever she opened the door to the pantry, her dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry, by drooling and whining. She thought that because the dog food was stored in the pantry, the sound of the door had become a(n) __________.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called __________.

Pairing the UCS and CS is essential for __________ to occur.

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist. However, it was discovered by a __________.

Reacting to a stimulus that is similar to the one you have learned to react to is called __________.

Jack and Rose were parked at Lover's Lane. When Jack kissed Rose, his breathing accelerated. Rose always wore Chanel No. 5 when she went out with Jack. Whenever Jack smelled Chanel No. 5, he began to breathe faster. Jack's accelerated breathing when he and Rose kissed is the __________.

Which of the following is the best example of applied behavior analysis?

While watching his older sister dive into a swimming pool, Jayden saw her slip, crack her head on the end of the diving board, and end up bleeding in the pool and crying hysterically. She required 12 stitches to close the cut on the back of her head. As a result, Jayden was highly afraid of both diving boards and the deep end of swimming pools. He did not overcome these fears until he was well into his early adult years. Jayden acquired his phobia as a result of __________ conditioning.

The apparatus that has come to symbolize the theory of operant conditioning is the __________.

Albert was a little boy who was shown to be remarkably resistant to having his emotional responses conditioned by Watson. Watson presented Albert with a cute little furry rat and then rang a loud bell. Later, Albert should have become scared of the bell, but this never happened.

There are two kinds of behavior that all organisms are capable of doing. If Arya blinks her eyes because a gnat flies close to them, that is __________. But if she then swats at the gnat, that is __________.