Exam 5: Learning

Ella has a very generous boss who occasionally brings in gift cards for his workers. He does this for no particular reason; it is just a nice way to keep people motivated. Ella never knows when she is going to get a special bonus from her boss. Ella's boss is reinforcing his workers according to a __________ schedule.

According to the law of effect, a behavior is MOST likely to be stamped in, or repeated, when it is __________.

What important factor in learning is Robert Rescorla BEST known for?

Which of the following is an example of a discriminative stimulus?

When someone uses negative reinforcement to change a behavior, the behavior is likely to __________.

Mateo has been working on a math problem late at night without success; he falls asleep. Upon awakening, Mateo suddenly realizes how to answer the problem. This BEST illustrates which of the following?

Which of the following is a conditioned positive reinforcer?

Which of the following statements regarding punishment is true?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about behavior modification?

On a variable ratio schedule, reinforcement is given for the __________.

The first time Jesse sees a cat, his mother tells him, "That's a cat. Can you say cat?" He repeats the word gleefully, and his mother praises him. The next day, he is watching a cartoon and sees a tiger on the television. He points at the tiger and says, "Cat!" This is an example of __________.

Jack and Rose were parked at Lover's Lane. When Jack kissed Rose, his breathing accelerated. Rose always wore Chanel No. 5 when she went out with Jack. Whenever Jack smelled Chanel No. 5, he began to breathe faster. Chanel No. 5 is the __________.

Negative reinforcement is best thought of as __________.

An experimenter finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he sees a picture of a nude female. The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then presents such a picture. The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone. In this situation, the CONDITIONED response is the __________.

Pavlov's model of classical conditioning was based on the idea that the conditioned stimulus, through its association close in time with the unconditioned stimulus, came to activate the same place in the animal's brain that was originally activated by the unconditioned stimulus. This was known as __________.

John Watson offered a live, white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer. The white rat served as the __________ in his study.

A congressional hearing is taking place in Washington, D.C. The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today. What psychological process are the representatives probably considering as the reason that TV influences school violence?

Studies by Keller and Marian Breland found that many animals exhibit instinctive drift. What does this mean?

Nigel always turns the aquarium light on before putting fish food into the tank. After a while, he notices that the fish swim to the top to look for the food as soon as he turns on the light. In this example, the __________ is the unconditioned stimulus.

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred is called __________.