Question 1

An alloploid contains multiple sets of chromosomes from a single species. 
___________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What characterizes hybrid breakdown?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sterility of hybrid adults 
B)  The early death of hybrid embryos 
C)  The death during pregnancy of hybrid females 
D)  The death during early life of hybrid embryos 
E)  The sterility of the progeny of hybrid individuals 
A)  The sterility of hybrid adults 
B)  The early death of hybrid embryos 
C)  The death during pregnancy of hybrid females 
D)  The death during early life of hybrid embryos 
E)  The sterility of the progeny of hybrid individuals

Question 3

Figure 21-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which organelle evolved from the photosynthetic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  chloroplast 
C)  food vacuole 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  nucleus 
B)  chloroplast 
C)  food vacuole 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

The Hawthorne and apple maggot flies appear to have become reproductively isolated from each other largely because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  have different mating behaviors. 
B)  mate at different times of the day. 
C)  have adapted to two different hosts. 
D)  occupy different parts of the habitat. 
E)  do not share the same reproductive organs. 
A)  have different mating behaviors. 
B)  mate at different times of the day. 
C)  have adapted to two different hosts. 
D)  occupy different parts of the habitat. 
E)  do not share the same reproductive organs.

Question 5

Darwin recognized that female preference for showy colors based on inheritance causes these male traits to become more common over time. 
________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: First forests, gymnosperms appear, wingless insects appear, fish with jaws, amphibians appear
Gymnosperms common, large dinosaurs
Bacteria and cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, age of marine invertebrates, first chordates
Forests of ferns, spread of ancient amphibians, first reptiles
Extinction of large mammals; age of Homo sapiens

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Devonian 488 mya and Carboniferous 359 mya is...

Question 7

Which are the mechanisms that prevent interbreeding between two different species whose ranges overlap?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric isolating mechanisms 
B)  sympatric isolating mechanisms 
C)  equilibrium isolating mechanisms 
D)  preadaptive isolating mechanisms 
E)  reproductive isolating mechanisms 
A)  allopatric isolating mechanisms 
B)  sympatric isolating mechanisms 
C)  equilibrium isolating mechanisms 
D)  preadaptive isolating mechanisms 
E)  reproductive isolating mechanisms

Question 8

The "Age of Fishes" is an informal name for which time period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silurian period 
B)  Permian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Ordovician period 
E)  Carboniferous period 
A)  Silurian period 
B)  Permian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Ordovician period 
E)  Carboniferous period

Question 9

If two species have incompatible mating structures, then which reproductive isolation mechanism prevents them from mating?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual isolation 
B)  gametic isolation 
C)  temporal isolation 
D)  behavioral isolation 
E)  mechanical isolation 
A)  sexual isolation 
B)  gametic isolation 
C)  temporal isolation 
D)  behavioral isolation 
E)  mechanical isolation

Question 10

What feature of a dinosaur determines whether it is a saurischian or an ornithischian dinosaur?

Accepted Answer

A)  size 
B)  habitat 
C)  feeding preference 
D)  pelvic bone structure 
E)  number of feet it walks on 
A)  size 
B)  habitat 
C)  feeding preference 
D)  pelvic bone structure 
E)  number of feet it walks on

Question 11

Describe the four requirements for chemical evolution and why each was essential.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Little o

Question 12

Reinforcement is an evolutionary process that occurs in a hybrid zone in which parental species adapt to two different communities, and the hybrids thrive in an area of transition between the parental communities. 
__________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Identify three ways in which the evolution of photosynthetic autotrophs affected either the atmosphere or other organisms.

Accepted Answer

1. Photosynthetic organisms changed the

Question 14

Place the following organisms in order of appearance in the fossil record, beginning with the earliest. 
A. ferns, algae, flowering plants, gymnosperms 
B. amphibians, reptiles, fish, mammals

Accepted Answer

A algae,ferns,gymnos

Question 15

Polyploidy is much more common among which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi 
B)  plants 
C)  primates 
D)  humans 
E)  bacteria 
A)  fungi 
B)  plants 
C)  primates 
D)  humans 
E)  bacteria

Question 16

Figure 20-1   The most common outcome of the process in the accompanying figure is no viable gametes. This happens because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid inviability. 
B)  defective meiosis. 
C)  gametic isolation. 
D)  species incompatibility. 
E)  a low rate of fertilization. 
A)  hybrid inviability. 
B)  defective meiosis. 
C)  gametic isolation. 
D)  species incompatibility. 
E)  a low rate of fertilization.

Question 17

The first photosynthetic organisms to obtain hydrogen by splitting water were the cyanobacteria . ______________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Presently, it is thought that organic polymers may have formed and accumulated on:

Accepted Answer

A)  silt and sand. 
B)  sand and mud. 
C)  rocks and clay. 
D)  water and shells. 
E)  sand and heavy metals. 
A)  silt and sand. 
B)  sand and mud. 
C)  rocks and clay. 
D)  water and shells. 
E)  sand and heavy metals.

Question 19

Which evolutionary process occurs when the hybrids in a hybrid zone are as fit as either of the parental populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  fusion 
B)  blended 
C)  stability 
D)  equilibrium 
E)  reinforcement 
A)  fusion 
B)  blended 
C)  stability 
D)  equilibrium 
E)  reinforcement

Question 20

The distinctive mating signals that have evolved as part of an animal's courtship illustrate what type of reproductive isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  gametic isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  behavioral isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation 
E)  communicative isolation 
A)  gametic isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  behavioral isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation 
E)  communicative isolation

Exam 20: Speciation and Macroevolution

An alloploid contains multiple sets of chromosomes from a single species. ___________

What characterizes hybrid breakdown?

Figure 21-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which organelle evolved from the photosynthetic bacteria?

The Hawthorne and apple maggot flies appear to have become reproductively isolated from each other largely because they:

Darwin recognized that female preference for showy colors based on inheritance causes these male traits to become more common over time. ________

Which are the mechanisms that prevent interbreeding between two different species whose ranges overlap?

The "Age of Fishes" is an informal name for which time period?

If two species have incompatible mating structures, then which reproductive isolation mechanism prevents them from mating?

What feature of a dinosaur determines whether it is a saurischian or an ornithischian dinosaur?

Describe the four requirements for chemical evolution and why each was essential.

Reinforcement is an evolutionary process that occurs in a hybrid zone in which parental species adapt to two different communities, and the hybrids thrive in an area of transition between the parental communities. __________

Identify three ways in which the evolution of photosynthetic autotrophs affected either the atmosphere or other organisms.

Place the following organisms in order of appearance in the fossil record, beginning with the earliest. A. ferns, algae, flowering plants, gymnosperms B. amphibians, reptiles, fish, mammals

Polyploidy is much more common among which type of organism?

Figure 20-1 The most common outcome of the process in the accompanying figure is no viable gametes. This happens because of:

The first photosynthetic organisms to obtain hydrogen by splitting water were the cyanobacteria . ______________

Presently, it is thought that organic polymers may have formed and accumulated on:

Which evolutionary process occurs when the hybrids in a hybrid zone are as fit as either of the parental populations?

The distinctive mating signals that have evolved as part of an animal's courtship illustrate what type of reproductive isolating mechanism?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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