Question 1

Which process refers to dramatic phenotypic changes that sometimes occur in evolution, such as the appearance of feathered wings during the evolution of birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  gradualism 
B)  allopolyploidy 
C)  macroevolution 
D)  paedomorphosis 
E)  microevolution 
A)  gradualism 
B)  allopolyploidy 
C)  macroevolution 
D)  paedomorphosis 
E)  microevolution

Question 2

Which mechanism prevents fish sperm from fertilizing frog eggs?

Accepted Answer

A)  energetic barriers 
B)  biological barriers 
C)  prezygotic barriers 
D)  ecological barriers 
E)  postzygotic barriers 
A)  energetic barriers 
B)  biological barriers 
C)  prezygotic barriers 
D)  ecological barriers 
E)  postzygotic barriers

Question 3

Mammal-like reptiles arose during which time period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Triassic period 
B)  Cambrian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Cretaceous period 
E)  Carboniferous period 
A)  Triassic period 
B)  Cambrian period 
C)  Devonian period 
D)  Cretaceous period 
E)  Carboniferous period

Question 4

Identify three reproductive isolating mechanisms and briefly outline how each may contribute to the formation of new species.

Accepted Answer

Temporal isolation is a barrier to repro

Question 5

What are the protobionts produced by abiotically produced polypeptides?

Accepted Answer

A)  polybionts 
B)  prokaryotes 
C)  microspheres 
D)  peptidebionts 
E)  stromatolites 
A)  polybionts 
B)  prokaryotes 
C)  microspheres 
D)  peptidebionts 
E)  stromatolites

Question 6

In the example of the flicker hybrid zone, why does it appear that the flicker hybrids are in a stable hybrid zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two kinds of flickers are reproductively isolated from one another. 
B)  The two kinds of flickers have evolved completely into one distinct group. 
C)  The two kinds of flickers have shown some reinforcement and thus the hybrids are beginning to disappear. 
D)  The two kinds of flickers have out-competed their parental populations and exist as an entirely new species. 
E)  The two kinds of flickers do not show reinforcement, nor have fused into one distinct group and their hybrid zone has not expanded. 
A)  The two kinds of flickers are reproductively isolated from one another. 
B)  The two kinds of flickers have evolved completely into one distinct group. 
C)  The two kinds of flickers have shown some reinforcement and thus the hybrids are beginning to disappear. 
D)  The two kinds of flickers have out-competed their parental populations and exist as an entirely new species. 
E)  The two kinds of flickers do not show reinforcement, nor have fused into one distinct group and their hybrid zone has not expanded.

Question 7

What are the two major forces contributing to allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift and mutation 
B)  natural selection and migration 
C)  mutation and natural selection 
D)  natural selection and genetic drift 
E)  nonrandom mating and migration 
A)  genetic drift and mutation 
B)  natural selection and migration 
C)  mutation and natural selection 
D)  natural selection and genetic drift 
E)  nonrandom mating and migration

Question 8

The ranges of black bears and brown bears overlap. However, black bears spend most of their time in the woods and brown bears spend most of their time along the river. Which of the following best describes why black and brown bears do not interbreed?

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  biological isolation 
D)  evolutionary isolation 
E)  environmental isolation 
A)  habitat isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  biological isolation 
D)  evolutionary isolation 
E)  environmental isolation

Question 9

Allopolyploidy is a significant factor in the evolution of which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi 
B)  animals 
C)  bacteria 
D)  protozoa 
E)  flowering plants 
A)  fungi 
B)  animals 
C)  bacteria 
D)  protozoa 
E)  flowering plants

Question 10

Figure 20-2   In the accompanying figure, note the variation in these closely related birds. What does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  hybridization 
B)  macroevolution 
C)  hybrid inviability 
D)  adaptive radiation 
E)  allometric radiation 
A)  hybridization 
B)  macroevolution 
C)  hybrid inviability 
D)  adaptive radiation 
E)  allometric radiation

Question 11

Protobionts are vesicle-like assemblages of abiotically-produced organic polymers. 
______________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Why is there very little physical evidence of life from rocks of the Archaean eon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those rocks have been deeply buried in most parts of the world. 
B)  Those rocks occupy inaccessible areas of mountainous regions. 
C)  Those rocks have been greatly eroded in most parts of the world. 
D)  Those rocks occupy the polar regions and are thus covered by glaciers. 
E)  Those rocks have been deposited in oceanic trenches deep in the oceans. 
A)  Those rocks have been deeply buried in most parts of the world. 
B)  Those rocks occupy inaccessible areas of mountainous regions. 
C)  Those rocks have been greatly eroded in most parts of the world. 
D)  Those rocks occupy the polar regions and are thus covered by glaciers. 
E)  Those rocks have been deposited in oceanic trenches deep in the oceans.

Question 13

Which model would predict that populations diverge from one another through the slow accumulation of adaptive changes within each population?

Accepted Answer

A)  punctuated equilibrium 
B)  paedomorphosis 
C)  hybridization 
D)  allopolyploidy 
E)  gradualism 
A)  punctuated equilibrium 
B)  paedomorphosis 
C)  hybridization 
D)  allopolyploidy 
E)  gradualism

Question 14

Which best describes a population that forms a new species within the same geographical region as the original species?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  sympatric speciation 
C)  parapatric speciation 
D)  autologous speciation 
E)  heterogeneous speciation 
A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  sympatric speciation 
C)  parapatric speciation 
D)  autologous speciation 
E)  heterogeneous speciation

Question 15

Who first proposed the concept that simple organic molecules could form spontaneously from simpler raw materials?

Accepted Answer

A)  Miller and Urey 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Watson and Crick 
E)  Oparin and Haldane 
A)  Miller and Urey 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Watson and Crick 
E)  Oparin and Haldane

Question 16

A ____ forest included low swamps with giant ferns, horsetails, club mosses, seed ferns, and early gymnosperm s

Accepted Answer

A)  Jurassic 
B)  Silurian 
C)  Devonian 
D)  Ordovician 
E)  Carboniferous 
A)  Jurassic 
B)  Silurian 
C)  Devonian 
D)  Ordovician 
E)  Carboniferous

Question 17

Fossil stromatolites are evidence that cells exited 3.5 million years ago. 
_____________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The incorporation of DNA into the information transfer system was advantageous because DNA is a(n) catalytic molecule. 
______________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Differentiate between macroevolution, microevolution, and speciation.

Accepted Answer

Macroevolution refers to large scale phe

Exam 20: Speciation and Macroevolution

Which process refers to dramatic phenotypic changes that sometimes occur in evolution, such as the appearance of feathered wings during the evolution of birds?

Which mechanism prevents fish sperm from fertilizing frog eggs?

Mammal-like reptiles arose during which time period?

Identify three reproductive isolating mechanisms and briefly outline how each may contribute to the formation of new species.

What are the protobionts produced by abiotically produced polypeptides?

In the example of the flicker hybrid zone, why does it appear that the flicker hybrids are in a stable hybrid zone?

What are the two major forces contributing to allopatric speciation?

The ranges of black bears and brown bears overlap. However, black bears spend most of their time in the woods and brown bears spend most of their time along the river. Which of the following best describes why black and brown bears do not interbreed?

Allopolyploidy is a significant factor in the evolution of which type of organism?

Figure 20-2 In the accompanying figure, note the variation in these closely related birds. What does this illustrate?

Protobionts are vesicle-like assemblages of abiotically-produced organic polymers. ______________

Why is there very little physical evidence of life from rocks of the Archaean eon?

Which model would predict that populations diverge from one another through the slow accumulation of adaptive changes within each population?

Which best describes a population that forms a new species within the same geographical region as the original species?

Who first proposed the concept that simple organic molecules could form spontaneously from simpler raw materials?

A ____ forest included low swamps with giant ferns, horsetails, club mosses, seed ferns, and early gymnosperm s

Fossil stromatolites are evidence that cells exited 3.5 million years ago. _____________

The incorporation of DNA into the information transfer system was advantageous because DNA is a(n) catalytic molecule. ______________

Differentiate between macroevolution, microevolution, and speciation.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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