Question 1

Carbon fixation is a reduction reaction that converts inorganic CO2 into an organic molecule. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other 8 are small. What is the function of the small subunits? ​

Accepted Answer

A) The small subunits contain the reactant binding sites. 
B) They stabilize the overall enzyme's structure but have no intrinsic function. ​ 
C) The function of the small subunits is still unknown. ​ 
D) They regulate the enzyme's rate of catalysis. ​ 
E) The small subunits contain allosteric regulator binding sites. ​ 
A) The small subunits contain the reactant binding sites. 
B) They stabilize the overall enzyme's structure but have no intrinsic function. ​ 
C) The function of the small subunits is still unknown. ​ 
D) They regulate the enzyme's rate of catalysis. ​ 
E) The small subunits contain allosteric regulator binding sites. ​ D

Question 3

What is the purpose of cyclic electron flow? ​

Accepted Answer

A) to prevent the formation of NADPH and excessive reactive oxygen species 
B) to prevent the loss of light energy when the ATP production pathway is saturated ​ 
C) to ensure that all of the energy harvested by the sun is converted into ATP ​ 
D) to protect the cell when CO2 is unavailable and the Calvin cycle is not operating ​ 
E) to increase the net production of ATP in times when CO2 is unavailable ​ 
A) to prevent the formation of NADPH and excessive reactive oxygen species 
B) to prevent the loss of light energy when the ATP production pathway is saturated ​ 
C) to ensure that all of the energy harvested by the sun is converted into ATP ​ 
D) to protect the cell when CO2 is unavailable and the Calvin cycle is not operating ​ 
E) to increase the net production of ATP in times when CO2 is unavailable ​ A

Question 4

P700 is located in photosystem ____ and is comprised of chlorophyll ____.

Accepted Answer

A) I; b 
B) I; a ​ 
C) II; b ​ 
D) II; a ​ 
E) I and II; a ​ 
A) I; b 
B) I; a ​ 
C) II; b ​ 
D) II; a ​ 
E) I and II; a ​

Question 5

If photosynthetic eukaryotic cells are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O), the 18O label may be found in all but one compound. That compound is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) 3-phosphoglycerate 
B) cellulose ​ 
C) glucose ​ 
D) O2 gas ​ 
E) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate) 
A) 3-phosphoglycerate 
B) cellulose ​ 
C) glucose ​ 
D) O2 gas ​ 
E) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)

Question 6

2D chromatography is so named because ____.

Accepted Answer

A) there are two steps: labeling with a radioactive marker and separation via chromatography 
B) the molecules are separated into a linear arrangement, meaning two dimensions ​ 
C) the process separates the molecules in two directions, first along the x axis and then along the y axis ​ 
D) two different solutions are used in the paper chromatography process ​ 
E) two different types of radioactive markers must be used ​ 
A) there are two steps: labeling with a radioactive marker and separation via chromatography 
B) the molecules are separated into a linear arrangement, meaning two dimensions ​ 
C) the process separates the molecules in two directions, first along the x axis and then along the y axis ​ 
D) two different solutions are used in the paper chromatography process ​ 
E) two different types of radioactive markers must be used ​

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: consumes OS1U1B12S1U1B0

Accepted Answer

The Answer of light-dependent reactions only and Calvin cycle only is...

Question 8

Which plant structure is responsible for gas exchange? ​

Accepted Answer

A) stroma 
B) stomata ​ 
C) thylakoid ​ 
D) grana ​ 
E) stromal lamellae ​ 
A) stroma 
B) stomata ​ 
C) thylakoid ​ 
D) grana ​ 
E) stromal lamellae ​

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: stroma

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  B and  E and  is...

Question 10

Which statement describes the role of photosynthesis in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A) Primary producers convert chemical energy to light energy. 
B) Primary consumers rely directly on light energy. ​ 
C) Primary producers convert light energy to chemical energy as a service to the ecosystem, not for their own gain. ​ 
D) Primary consumers rely on primary producers to make light energy available in a usable form. ​ 
E) Primary producers are heterotrophs and thus make no contribution to the flow of energy into the ecosystem. ​ 
A) Primary producers convert chemical energy to light energy. 
B) Primary consumers rely directly on light energy. ​ 
C) Primary producers convert light energy to chemical energy as a service to the ecosystem, not for their own gain. ​ 
D) Primary consumers rely on primary producers to make light energy available in a usable form. ​ 
E) Primary producers are heterotrophs and thus make no contribution to the flow of energy into the ecosystem. ​

Question 11

Which statement correctly summarizes the two phases of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma. 
B) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar. ​ 
C) The light-dependent reactions occur only during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur only when it is dark. ​ 
D) The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. 
E) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar. 
A) The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma. 
B) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar. ​ 
C) The light-dependent reactions occur only during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur only when it is dark. ​ 
D) The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. 
E) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar.

Question 12

The action spectrum of higher plants is bimodal, with two major peaks. Which two molecules largely determine the two peaks?

Accepted Answer

A) photosystems I and II 
B) P680 and P700 ​ 
C) chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b ​ 
D) chlorophyll and carotenoid ​ 
E) ATP and NADH ​ 
A) photosystems I and II 
B) P680 and P700 ​ 
C) chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b ​ 
D) chlorophyll and carotenoid ​ 
E) ATP and NADH ​

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: membrane most important in generating a proton gradient for ATP synthesis

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  A and  C and  is...

Question 14

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP+ and ADP. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: site of light-independent reactions

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  C and  D and  is...

Question 16

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) NADH ​ 
C) photosystem I ​ 
D) oxygen ​ 
E) water ​ 
A) NAD+ 
B) NADH ​ 
C) photosystem I ​ 
D) oxygen ​ 
E) water ​

Question 17

Why isn't the oxygenase function of rubisco active under normal environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme requires more energy 
B) the affinity of the enzyme favors the binding of CO2 
C) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme is inhibited by O2 ​ 
D) the binding site of the enzyme is allosterically inhibited under normal conditions ​ 
E) the oxygenase binding site has a higher affinity for ATP ​ 
A) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme requires more energy 
B) the affinity of the enzyme favors the binding of CO2 
C) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme is inhibited by O2 ​ 
D) the binding site of the enzyme is allosterically inhibited under normal conditions ​ 
E) the oxygenase binding site has a higher affinity for ATP ​

Question 18

Atmospheric O2 is a waste product of photosynthesis. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Photosynthesis is ____, while all other processes of life are ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) exergonic; exothermic 
B) endergonic; endothermic ​ 
C) endergonic; exergonic ​ 
D) exergonic; endergonic ​ 
E) exergonic; endothermic ​ 
A) exergonic; exothermic 
B) endergonic; endothermic ​ 
C) endergonic; exergonic ​ 
D) exergonic; endergonic ​ 
E) exergonic; endothermic ​

Question 20

Suppose you explored a new planet and found a photosynthetic organism unlike any on Earth. You repeat Engelmann's classic experiment using this new organism in place of Spirogyra and find that oxygen-dependent bacteria cluster near the green and yellow portions of the spectrum. What does this tell you? ​

Accepted Answer

A) The sun of this new planet emits different wavelengths of light than our own. 
B) This new organism is using yellow and green light to drive photosynthesis. ​ 
C) This organism appears green, just like plants on Earth. ​ 
D) This organism utilizes the most energy-rich photons of the spectrum. ​ 
E) This new organism is using blue and red light to drive photosynthesis. 
A) The sun of this new planet emits different wavelengths of light than our own. 
B) This new organism is using yellow and green light to drive photosynthesis. ​ 
C) This organism appears green, just like plants on Earth. ​ 
D) This organism utilizes the most energy-rich photons of the spectrum. ​ 
E) This new organism is using blue and red light to drive photosynthesis.

Exam 8: Photosynthesis

Carbon fixation is a reduction reaction that converts inorganic CO2 into an organic molecule. ​

Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other 8 are small. What is the function of the small subunits? ​

What is the purpose of cyclic electron flow? ​

P700 is located in photosystem ____ and is comprised of chlorophyll ____.

If photosynthetic eukaryotic cells are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O), the 18O label may be found in all but one compound. That compound is ____. ​

2D chromatography is so named because ____.

Which plant structure is responsible for gas exchange? ​

Which statement describes the role of photosynthesis in an ecosystem?

Which statement correctly summarizes the two phases of photosynthesis?

The action spectrum of higher plants is bimodal, with two major peaks. Which two molecules largely determine the two peaks?

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP+ and ADP. ​

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to ____. ​

Why isn't the oxygenase function of rubisco active under normal environmental conditions?

Atmospheric O2 is a waste product of photosynthesis. ​

Photosynthesis is ____, while all other processes of life are ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Carbon fixation is a reduction reaction that converts inorganic CO₂ into an organic molecule.

Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other 8 are small. What is the function of the small subunits?

What is the purpose of cyclic electron flow?

P700 is located in photosystem and is comprised of chlorophyll .

If photosynthetic eukaryotic cells are provided with CO₂ synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), the ¹⁸O label may be found in all but one compound. That compound is ____.

Which plant structure is responsible for gas exchange?

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP⁺ and ADP.

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to ____.

Atmospheric O₂ is a waste product of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is , while all other processes of life are .