Question 1

Differentiate between endotoxins and exoenzymes.

Accepted Answer

Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides released when a bacterium dies and lyses. These lipopolysaccharides cause disease. Exoenzymes are proteins released by some bacteria that can rupture host cells or digest extracellular materials such as collagen. ​

Question 2

Which symptom indicates the presence of plaque in a dental patient? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Presence of E. coli in the patient's mouth. 
B) A bacterial culture from a patient's mouth that appears pink after Gram staining. 
C) Presence of cyanobacteria in the patient's mouth. 
D) A bacterial culture from the patient's mouth that appears purple after Gram staining. 
E) Non-pathogenic biofilms in the patient's mouth. 
A) Presence of E. coli in the patient's mouth. 
B) A bacterial culture from a patient's mouth that appears pink after Gram staining. 
C) Presence of cyanobacteria in the patient's mouth. 
D) A bacterial culture from the patient's mouth that appears purple after Gram staining. 
E) Non-pathogenic biofilms in the patient's mouth. B

Question 3

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides? ​

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 7 
E) 9 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 7 
E) 9 C

Question 4

Prokaryotic cells generally reproduce by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) mutation 
B) binary fission 
C) conjugation 
D) transduction 
E) transformation 
A) mutation 
B) binary fission 
C) conjugation 
D) transduction 
E) transformation

Question 5

Organisms that live optimally in cold temperatures are called barophiles .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis? ​

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 9 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 9

Question 7

Dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions are called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) capsids 
B) endospores 
C) endotoxins 
D) exotoxins 
E) heterocysts 
A) capsids 
B) endospores 
C) endotoxins 
D) exotoxins 
E) heterocysts

Question 8

How long does it take for a biofilm to form? ​

Accepted Answer

A) seconds to minutes 
B) minutes to hours 
C) hours to days 
D) days to months 
E) months to years 
A) seconds to minutes 
B) minutes to hours 
C) hours to days 
D) days to months 
E) months to years

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: Neisseria

Accepted Answer

The Answer of produces CHS1U1B14S1U1B0  and causes anthrax and is...

Question 10

Genome sequence comparisons have now shown that the Korarchaeota are most likely a sister group of the Euryarchaeota.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The ____ use solar energy and organic molecules as their nutritional sources.

Accepted Answer

A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) Archaea 
A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) Archaea

Question 12

Chlamydias are bacteria that possess cell walls, but lack peptidoglycan .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which branch of this phylogenetic tree identifies Eukarya? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ​A 
B) ​B 
C) ​C 
D) ​D 
E) ​E 
A) ​A 
B) ​B 
C) ​C 
D) ​D 
E) ​E

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: Bacillus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of causes gastric ulcers and aids in the is...

Question 15

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries supplemental genetic information? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ​1 
B) ​2 
C) ​3 
D) ​4 
E) ​5 
A) ​1 
B) ​2 
C) ​3 
D) ​4 
E) ​5

Question 16

The presence of a nuclear membrane is characteristic of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) Archaea only 
B) Bacteria only 
C) both Archaea and Bacteria 
D) neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E) Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya 
A) Archaea only 
B) Bacteria only 
C) both Archaea and Bacteria 
D) neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E) Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Question 17

There are ____ major evolutionary groups in the domain Bacteria. ​

Accepted Answer

A) ​2 
B) ​3 
C) ​4 
D) ​5 
E) at least 6 
A) ​2 
B) ​3 
C) ​4 
D) ​5 
E) at least 6

Question 18

The correct sequence of reagents used in the Gram stain technique is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) iodine, alcohol, safranin, and crystal violet 
B) safranin, crystal violet, alcohol, and iodine 
C) crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, and safranin 
D) crystal violet, alcohol, iodine, and safranin 
E) alcohol, iodine, crystal violet, and safranin 
A) iodine, alcohol, safranin, and crystal violet 
B) safranin, crystal violet, alcohol, and iodine 
C) crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, and safranin 
D) crystal violet, alcohol, iodine, and safranin 
E) alcohol, iodine, crystal violet, and safranin

Question 19

Figure 26.1  
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which type of cell is represented in this figure? ​

Accepted Answer

A) a Gram-positive bacterium 
B) a Gram-negative bacterium 
C) either a Gram-positive or a Gram-negative bacterium 
D) an archaeal cell 
E) any prokaryotic cell 
A) a Gram-positive bacterium 
B) a Gram-negative bacterium 
C) either a Gram-positive or a Gram-negative bacterium 
D) an archaeal cell 
E) any prokaryotic cell

Question 20

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the ____ membrane of Gram- ____ bacteria. ​

Accepted Answer

A) outer; positive 
B) outer; negative 
C) plasma; positive 
D) plasma; negative 
E) plasma; positive and negative 
A) outer; positive 
B) outer; negative 
C) plasma; positive 
D) plasma; negative 
E) plasma; positive and negative

Exam 26: Prokaryotes and Viruses

Differentiate between endotoxins and exoenzymes.

Which symptom indicates the presence of plaque in a dental patient? ​

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides? ​

Prokaryotic cells generally reproduce by ____. ​

Organisms that live optimally in cold temperatures are called barophiles .

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis? ​

Dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions are called ____. ​

How long does it take for a biofilm to form? ​

Genome sequence comparisons have now shown that the Korarchaeota are most likely a sister group of the Euryarchaeota.

The ____ use solar energy and organic molecules as their nutritional sources.

Chlamydias are bacteria that possess cell walls, but lack peptidoglycan .

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which branch of this phylogenetic tree identifies Eukarya? ​

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries supplemental genetic information? ​

The presence of a nuclear membrane is characteristic of ____. ​

There are ____ major evolutionary groups in the domain Bacteria. ​

The correct sequence of reagents used in the Gram stain technique is ____. ​

Figure 26.1 Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which type of cell is represented in this figure? ​

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the ____ membrane of Gram- ____ bacteria. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Which symptom indicates the presence of plaque in a dental patient?

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides?

Prokaryotic cells generally reproduce by ____.

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis?

Dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions are called ____.

How long does it take for a biofilm to form?

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which branch of this phylogenetic tree identifies Eukarya?

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries supplemental genetic information?

The presence of a nuclear membrane is characteristic of ____.

There are ____ major evolutionary groups in the domain Bacteria.

The correct sequence of reagents used in the Gram stain technique is ____.

Figure 26.1 Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which type of cell is represented in this figure?

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the membrane of Gram- bacteria.