Question 1

Species richness on an island is determined by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) distance from the mainland only 
B) island size only 
C) the type of species on the island only 
D) distance from the mainland and island size 
E) distance from the mainland and type of species on the island 
A) distance from the mainland only 
B) island size only 
C) the type of species on the island only 
D) distance from the mainland and island size 
E) distance from the mainland and type of species on the island D

Question 2

Why do frequent moderate intensity disturbances increase species richness? ​

Accepted Answer

According to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, species richness is greatest in communities that experience fairly frequent disturbances of moderate intensity. Moderate disturbances create some openings for r -selected species to arrive and join the community, but they allow K -selected species to survive. Thus, communities that experience intermediate levels of disturbance contain a rich mixture of species.

Question 3

What causes a disclimax community? ​

Accepted Answer

A) primary succession 
B) secondary succession 
C) facilitation 
D) inhibition 
E) disturbance inhibiting successional change 
A) primary succession 
B) secondary succession 
C) facilitation 
D) inhibition 
E) disturbance inhibiting successional change E

Question 4

The evolution of a genetically based, reciprocal adaptation in two or more interacting species is described as coadaptation .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Thomas Bell and his colleagues studied bacterial species richness in isolated European beech treehole basins ("islands"). Their data showed that ______. ​

Accepted Answer

A) island size affects beech tree populations 
B) the number of bacterial species decreases with treehole volume 
C) the number of bacterial species increases with treehole volume 
D) large beech trees support higher bacteria populations than small beech trees 
E) the species-area effects on bacterial species differs from species-area effects on animal and plant populations on true islands 
A) island size affects beech tree populations 
B) the number of bacterial species decreases with treehole volume 
C) the number of bacterial species increases with treehole volume 
D) large beech trees support higher bacteria populations than small beech trees 
E) the species-area effects on bacterial species differs from species-area effects on animal and plant populations on true islands

Question 6

Connell studied two barnacle species, Balanus balanoides and Chthamalus stellatus . Where these species coexist, ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the realized niche of Balanus is smaller than its fundamental niche due to competition by Chthamalus 
B) the realized niche of Balanus is larger than its fundamental niche due to competition by Chthamalus 
C) the realized niche of Chthamalus is smaller than its fundamental niche due to competition by Balanus 
D) Balanus' fundamental niche includes all of Chthamalus fundamental niche 
E) the realized niche of Balanus is about equal to its fundamental niche 
A) the realized niche of Balanus is smaller than its fundamental niche due to competition by Chthamalus 
B) the realized niche of Balanus is larger than its fundamental niche due to competition by Chthamalus 
C) the realized niche of Chthamalus is smaller than its fundamental niche due to competition by Balanus 
D) Balanus' fundamental niche includes all of Chthamalus fundamental niche 
E) the realized niche of Balanus is about equal to its fundamental niche

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: one population benefits from the host; the host is unaffected

Accepted Answer

The Answer of herbivory and competition and parasitism and predation is...

Question 8

Which event can be followed by primary succession? ​

Accepted Answer

A) a landslide 
B) a storm 
C) a fire 
D) a volcanic eruption 
E) logging 
A) a landslide 
B) a storm 
C) a fire 
D) a volcanic eruption 
E) logging

Question 9

Which trophic level would be best represented by an herbivorous rabbit? ​

Accepted Answer

A) decomposer 
B) detritivore 
C) primary consumer 
D) primary producer 
E) secondary consumer 
A) decomposer 
B) detritivore 
C) primary consumer 
D) primary producer 
E) secondary consumer

Question 10

In general, species richness follows a longitudinal gradient. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: secondary consumers

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  E and  C and  is...

Question 12

The evolution of genetically based, reciprocal adaptations in two or more interacting species is called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) commensalism 
B) coevolution 
C) mutualism 
D) parasitism 
E) predation 
A) commensalism 
B) coevolution 
C) mutualism 
D) parasitism 
E) predation

Question 13

How has the grasshopper mouse coevolved to consume the Eleodes longicollis beetle? ​

Accepted Answer

A) The grasshopper mouse avoids the undesirable secretions by burying the beetle's abdomen. 
B) The grasshopper mouse uses cryptic coloration to sneak up on the beetle. 
C) The grasshopper mouse is immune to the beetle's toxins. 
D) The grasshopper mouse poisons the beetle first. 
E) The grasshopper mouse uses heat detectors to easily locate the beetle. 
A) The grasshopper mouse avoids the undesirable secretions by burying the beetle's abdomen. 
B) The grasshopper mouse uses cryptic coloration to sneak up on the beetle. 
C) The grasshopper mouse is immune to the beetle's toxins. 
D) The grasshopper mouse poisons the beetle first. 
E) The grasshopper mouse uses heat detectors to easily locate the beetle.

Question 14

Which adaptation(s)allow(s)a rattlesnake to locate prey more effectively? ​

Accepted Answer

A) acute sense of hearing only 
B) heat and chemical sensors 
C) acute sense of smell only 
D) acute sense of vision and chemical sensors 
E) acute sense of smell and vision 
A) acute sense of hearing only 
B) heat and chemical sensors 
C) acute sense of smell only 
D) acute sense of vision and chemical sensors 
E) acute sense of smell and vision

Question 15

Which statement best describes the interactive view of communities? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Species exhibit similar distributions along environmental gradients, and the boundaries between communities are sharp. 
B) Species distributions are independent, and the boundaries between communities are wide transition zones. 
C) Species exhibit similar distributions along environmental gradients, and the boundaries between communities are wide transition zones. 
D) Species distributions are independent, and the boundaries between communities are sharp. 
E) Species exhibit the same distribution along environmental gradients, and there are no boundaries between communities. 
A) Species exhibit similar distributions along environmental gradients, and the boundaries between communities are sharp. 
B) Species distributions are independent, and the boundaries between communities are wide transition zones. 
C) Species exhibit similar distributions along environmental gradients, and the boundaries between communities are wide transition zones. 
D) Species distributions are independent, and the boundaries between communities are sharp. 
E) Species exhibit the same distribution along environmental gradients, and there are no boundaries between communities.

Question 16

Two species utilizing the same food source is an example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) coevolution 
B) mimicry 
C) interference competition 
D) exploitative competition 
E) mutualism 
A) coevolution 
B) mimicry 
C) interference competition 
D) exploitative competition 
E) mutualism

Question 17

The species-area effect for island habits is greater than that for contiguous habitats because ​

Accepted Answer

A) colonization rates are higher and extinction rates are lower in contiguous habitats than islands 
B) extinction rates are higher in contiguous habitats 
C) all islands have low species richness 
D) large islands have lower species richness than contiguous habitats 
E) immigration cannot be measured in contiguous habitats 
A) colonization rates are higher and extinction rates are lower in contiguous habitats than islands 
B) extinction rates are higher in contiguous habitats 
C) all islands have low species richness 
D) large islands have lower species richness than contiguous habitats 
E) immigration cannot be measured in contiguous habitats

Question 18

Succession in abandoned farms ("old fields")takes at least 100 years, and therefore is often reconstructed using ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) field experiments 
B) laboratory experiments 
C) historical records 
D) evolutionary records 
E) fossil records 
A) field experiments 
B) laboratory experiments 
C) historical records 
D) evolutionary records 
E) fossil records

Question 19

A community in which many species are involved in a food web is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) more fragile since organisms have more than a single food source 
B) more fragile since organisms have only a single food source 
C) more stable since organisms have more than a single food source 
D) more stable since organisms have only a single food source 
E) most prone to damage from human interference 
A) more fragile since organisms have more than a single food source 
B) more fragile since organisms have only a single food source 
C) more stable since organisms have more than a single food source 
D) more stable since organisms have only a single food source 
E) most prone to damage from human interference

Question 20

Three plants that share the same niche have taproots of different length. This is an example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) character displacement 
B) the competitive exclusion principle 
C) resource partitioning 
D) allopatric speciation 
E) sympatric speciation 
A) character displacement 
B) the competitive exclusion principle 
C) resource partitioning 
D) allopatric speciation 
E) sympatric speciation

Exam 53: Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Species richness on an island is determined by ____. ​

Why do frequent moderate intensity disturbances increase species richness? ​

What causes a disclimax community? ​

The evolution of a genetically based, reciprocal adaptation in two or more interacting species is described as coadaptation .

Thomas Bell and his colleagues studied bacterial species richness in isolated European beech treehole basins ("islands"). Their data showed that ______. ​

Connell studied two barnacle species, Balanus balanoides and Chthamalus stellatus . Where these species coexist, ____. ​

Which event can be followed by primary succession? ​

Which trophic level would be best represented by an herbivorous rabbit? ​

In general, species richness follows a longitudinal gradient. ​

The evolution of genetically based, reciprocal adaptations in two or more interacting species is called ____. ​

How has the grasshopper mouse coevolved to consume the Eleodes longicollis beetle? ​

Which adaptation(s)allow(s)a rattlesnake to locate prey more effectively? ​

Which statement best describes the interactive view of communities? ​

Two species utilizing the same food source is an example of ____. ​

The species-area effect for island habits is greater than that for contiguous habitats because ​

Succession in abandoned farms ("old fields")takes at least 100 years, and therefore is often reconstructed using ____. ​

A community in which many species are involved in a food web is ____. ​

Three plants that share the same niche have taproots of different length. This is an example of ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Species richness on an island is determined by ____.

Why do frequent moderate intensity disturbances increase species richness?

What causes a disclimax community?

Thomas Bell and his colleagues studied bacterial species richness in isolated European beech treehole basins ("islands"). Their data showed that ______.

Connell studied two barnacle species, Balanus balanoides and Chthamalus stellatus . Where these species coexist, ____.

Which event can be followed by primary succession?

Which trophic level would be best represented by an herbivorous rabbit?

In general, species richness follows a longitudinal gradient.

The evolution of genetically based, reciprocal adaptations in two or more interacting species is called ____.

How has the grasshopper mouse coevolved to consume the Eleodes longicollis beetle?

Which adaptation(s)allow(s)a rattlesnake to locate prey more effectively?

Which statement best describes the interactive view of communities?

Two species utilizing the same food source is an example of ____.

The species-area effect for island habits is greater than that for contiguous habitats because

Succession in abandoned farms ("old fields")takes at least 100 years, and therefore is often reconstructed using ____.

A community in which many species are involved in a food web is ____.

Three plants that share the same niche have taproots of different length. This is an example of ____.