Exam 24: Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

Morphological characteristics are widely used for taxonomic classifications because they are ____. ​

The closest living relatives of birds are ____. ​

Ferns comprise an ingroup of the vascular plant phylogenetic tree because they share all of the same derived character states.

On a phylogenetic tree for Anthropoidea, the clade that includes ____ and the clade that includes ____ are sister taxa because they emerged from a common node. ​

Traditional evolutionary systematics used the Linnaean system of classification.

Carolus Linnaeus developed a classification system for organisms based on their DNA sequences.

The PhyloCode is a set of rules for ____. ​

In the taxonomic hierarchy, a family consists of a group of similar ____.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)has advanced our understanding of systematics because it allows for ____.

A plant systematist studies the physiological systems of plants. ​

Mammalia, the taxon that includes all mammals, is ____ because all mammals are the descendants of a common ancestor. ​

Gene sequences that evolve at a constant rate can be used to ____. ​

When describing phylogenetic trees, each branching point is called a(n)____.

Analyses of molecular sequences for study of evolutionary relationships are constrained by ____.

To which phylum does the American black bear ( Ursus americanus )belong? ​

In the 1700s, ____ classified organisms by their morphological similarities and differences, and in the 1800s, ____ provided the scientific rationale for the heritable basis of these morphological variations. ​

The Hominidae taxon includes ____.

Comparison of the wings of birds and the wings of bats reveal that they____.

The ____ is a bone in the middle ear of tetrapod vertebrates that evolved from, and is therefore ____to, the hyomandibula in early fishes. ​