Question 1

Which branch of biology examines the form and variety of organisms in their natural environment?

Accepted Answer

A) taxonomy 
B) natural history 
C) comparative morphology 
D) biogeography 
E) geology 
A) taxonomy 
B) natural history 
C) comparative morphology 
D) biogeography 
E) geology B

Question 2

Today, all biological research is undertaken with the recognition that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the views of evolution put forth by Charles Darwin are without error 
B) all forms of life are unique,havingevolved fromindependentancestors 
C) all living organisms share the same common ancestor 
D) the products of evolution are easily predicted 
E) evolution can be ignored unless the research explicitly examines evolutionary processes ​ 
A) the views of evolution put forth by Charles Darwin are without error 
B) all forms of life are unique,havingevolved fromindependentancestors 
C) all living organisms share the same common ancestor 
D) the products of evolution are easily predicted 
E) evolution can be ignored unless the research explicitly examines evolutionary processes ​ C

Question 3

Why didn't Darwin's contemporaries readily accept his theory of natural selection? ​

Accepted Answer

A) There was strong evidence for inheritance of acquired traits. 
B) There was a lack of fossil evidence. 
C) Darwin did not provide a plausible theory of heredity. 
D) There was strong evidence for the principle of use and disuse. 
E) Darwin did not provide evidence for artificial selection 
A) There was strong evidence for inheritance of acquired traits. 
B) There was a lack of fossil evidence. 
C) Darwin did not provide a plausible theory of heredity. 
D) There was strong evidence for the principle of use and disuse. 
E) Darwin did not provide evidence for artificial selection C

Question 4

Which statement does NOT distinguish Darwin's theory of natural selection from earlier descriptions of biological diversity and adaptive traits? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Biological diversity has purely physical, rather than spiritual, origins. 
B) Evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms, rather than in individuals. 
C) Spiritual explanations account for the origin but not the diversification of individuals. 
D) Some organisms function better than others in a particular environment . 
E) Evolution is a multistage process and natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations. 
A) Biological diversity has purely physical, rather than spiritual, origins. 
B) Evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms, rather than in individuals. 
C) Spiritual explanations account for the origin but not the diversification of individuals. 
D) Some organisms function better than others in a particular environment . 
E) Evolution is a multistage process and natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations.

Question 5

According to Lamarck's principle of use and disuse,the growth of body partsis related to____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) genetic changes inherited from the parents 
B) how much a particular body part is used 
C) microevolution through natural selection 
D) spiritual influences in design ​ 
E) biogeographic location 
A) genetic changes inherited from the parents 
B) how much a particular body part is used 
C) microevolution through natural selection 
D) spiritual influences in design ​ 
E) biogeographic location

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: Charles Darwin

Accepted Answer

The Answer of inheritance of discrete genetic units and taxonomic is...

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: humerus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  B and  D and  is...

Question 8

Extinction is most likely an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) microevolution 
B) macroevolution 
C) orthogenesis 
D) uniformitarianism 
E) gradualism 
A) microevolution 
B) macroevolution 
C) orthogenesis 
D) uniformitarianism 
E) gradualism

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: Georges Cuvier

Accepted Answer

The Answer of uniformitarianism and catastrophism and population grows faster is...

Question 10

The fossil record documents ____, providing clear evidence of ongoing change in biological lineages.

Accepted Answer

A) the occurrence of nonmorphologicalevolution ​ 
B) the disconnect between living and extinct organisms 
C) disruptions in evolutionary processes 
D) continuity in morphological characteristics 
E) discontinuity in morphological features 
A) the occurrence of nonmorphologicalevolution ​ 
B) the disconnect between living and extinct organisms 
C) disruptions in evolutionary processes 
D) continuity in morphological characteristics 
E) discontinuity in morphological features

Question 11

The branch of biology that classifies organisms is called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) natural history 
B) taxonomy 
C) evolution 
D) morphology 
E) paleobiology 
A) natural history 
B) taxonomy 
C) evolution 
D) morphology 
E) paleobiology

Question 12

The wings of bats and birds are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) homologous because their common ancestor had wings 
B) not homologous because their similar internal bone structure evolved independently as an adaptation for flight ​ 
C) homologous because they are adapted for the same function 
D) homologous because they have similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor 
E) not homologous because wings evolved from different ancestral organs in birds and bats 
A) homologous because their common ancestor had wings 
B) not homologous because their similar internal bone structure evolved independently as an adaptation for flight ​ 
C) homologous because they are adapted for the same function 
D) homologous because they have similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor 
E) not homologous because wings evolved from different ancestral organs in birds and bats

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: digits

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  D and  E and  is...

Question 14

The comparison of homologous traits in living and extinct organisms is an example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) comparative morphology 
B) taxonomy 
C) historical biogeography 
D) paleontology 
E) molecular biology 
A) comparative morphology 
B) taxonomy 
C) historical biogeography 
D) paleontology 
E) molecular biology

Question 15

Charles Darwin did NOT study the ____ during his long career. ​

Accepted Answer

A) classification of barnacles 
B) effects of earthworms on soil 
C) response of plants to light 
D) genetic basis of heritable traits 
E) form of insectivorous plants 
A) classification of barnacles 
B) effects of earthworms on soil 
C) response of plants to light 
D) genetic basis of heritable traits 
E) form of insectivorous plants

Question 16

Scientists determined that African elephants are the closest living relatives of the woolly mammoth based on fossil evidence, because DNA cannot yet be extracted from fossils of extinct species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Briefly summarize the seminal idea presented in Darwin's famous publication, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

Accepted Answer

Darwin proposed natural selection as the

Question 18

Gregor Mendel published his work on genetics in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) 1849 
B) 1858 
C) 1866 
D) 1887 
E) 1900 
A) 1849 
B) 1858 
C) 1866 
D) 1887 
E) 1900

Question 19

Archaeopteryx is an important link between ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mammals and birds 
B) lizards and birds 
C) dinosaurs and birds 
D) crocodiles and birds 
E) non-flying birds and flying birds 
A) mammals and birds 
B) lizards and birds 
C) dinosaurs and birds 
D) crocodiles and birds 
E) non-flying birds and flying birds

Question 20

While aboard the H.M.S. Beagle, Darwin was given a book, called Principles of Geology , which primed him to apply ____ to the living world. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the modern synthesis and orthogenesis 
B) genetics and biogeography 
C) natural theology and uniformitarianism 
D) catastrophism and gradualism 
E) gradualism and uniformitarianism 
A) the modern synthesis and orthogenesis 
B) genetics and biogeography 
C) natural theology and uniformitarianism 
D) catastrophism and gradualism 
E) gradualism and uniformitarianism

Exam 20: The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Which branch of biology examines the form and variety of organisms in their natural environment?

Today, all biological research is undertaken with the recognition that ____.

Why didn't Darwin's contemporaries readily accept his theory of natural selection? ​

Which statement does NOT distinguish Darwin's theory of natural selection from earlier descriptions of biological diversity and adaptive traits? ​

According to Lamarck's principle of use and disuse,the growth of body partsis related to____. ​

Extinction is most likely an example of ____.

The fossil record documents ____, providing clear evidence of ongoing change in biological lineages.

The branch of biology that classifies organisms is called ____. ​

The wings of bats and birds are ____.

The comparison of homologous traits in living and extinct organisms is an example of ____. ​

Charles Darwin did NOT study the ____ during his long career. ​

Scientists determined that African elephants are the closest living relatives of the woolly mammoth based on fossil evidence, because DNA cannot yet be extracted from fossils of extinct species.

Briefly summarize the seminal idea presented in Darwin's famous publication, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

Gregor Mendel published his work on genetics in ____.

Archaeopteryx is an important link between ____.

While aboard the H.M.S. Beagle, Darwin was given a book, called Principles of Geology , which primed him to apply ____ to the living world. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Why didn't Darwin's contemporaries readily accept his theory of natural selection?

Which statement does NOT distinguish Darwin's theory of natural selection from earlier descriptions of biological diversity and adaptive traits?

According to Lamarck's principle of use and disuse,the growth of body partsis related to____.

The branch of biology that classifies organisms is called ____.

The comparison of homologous traits in living and extinct organisms is an example of ____.

Charles Darwin did NOT study the ____ during his long career.

While aboard the H.M.S. Beagle, Darwin was given a book, called Principles of Geology , which primed him to apply ____ to the living world.